3.8.W - Lesson: The Digestive System

Match the macromolecule on the left with the substance it breaks down to on the right. Proteins Carbohydrates Fats

Amino Acids simple sugars glycerol

Describe food digestion step by step.

Food digestion starts with chewing your food and coating it with saliva to help it break down easier. Then you swallow it and it goes from esophagus to your stomach. The stomach mixes the food with acids breaking it down further and moving the food to the small intestine. As it goes down the small intestine, the food breaks down even more. The particles are absorbed into the bloodstream but the unabsorbed particles continue down the small intestine to the large intestine and come out of the body through the anus.

How are the nutrients absorbed in the digestive system?

Through the capillaries

Which of the following functions in BOTH the respiratory and the digestive systems?

epiglottis

Where is bile stored?

gallbladder

The enzyme found in the mouth which helps to begin to break down starches is _____________.

salivary amylase

The solution which decreases the acidity of chyme is ___________________?

sodium bicarbonate

In several paragraphs, describe the process of digestion from beginning to end, while incorporating all the vocabulary you have learned. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics as needed.

Food digestion starts with chewing your food and coating it with saliva to help it break down easier. Then you swallow it and it goes from esophagus to your stomach. The stomach mixes the food with stomach acids breaking it down further and it is now called chyme. The chyme moves to the small intestine. As it goes down, the small intestine, bile, pancreatic juice, and sodium bicarbonate help break down the chyme. Then, the proteins are converted into amino acids, carbohydrates are converted to simple sugars, and fats are converted into fatty acids. Then, villi covered in capillaries absorb the particles into the bloodstream. The unabsorbed particles continue down the small intestine to the large intestine and come out of the body through the anus.

The small intestine is approximately _________ feet long.

20

Match the part of the digestive system with the correct name. ( dude with guts showing)

A =pharynx B =salivary gland C =mouth D =liver E =esophagus F =gall bladder G =stomach H =small intestine I =pancreas J =large intestine K =anus

What is the benefit of having the many villi in the small intestine?

NOT It helps filter out good and bad material. lol

We eat to gain ________________.

NOT calories lol

In several well thought-out sentences, describe how the digestive system and the respiratory system are similar. Please use proper grammar and mechanics, with no one-word answers.

The digestive system and the respiratory system are similar because they each meet at the esophagus. When you breathe in the air, it goes to the esophagus, and that is where a flap controls where it goes. It is the same with food. The air goes into the lungs, and the food goes into the stomach.