4x4 & Fire investigator

T/F Fusee slag, firework remains, matches and cigarttes are non-fragile evidence

False

Minimum depth of mud that a fire engine can get stuck in

1 inch or less

3 main fundamentals of fire investigation

1. Determine the orgin 2. How ignition source came in contact w/ burnt materials 3. identify responsible party

4 areas of a fire scene relating to investigation

1. Overall fire area 2. General origin area 3. Specific origin area 4. Ignition area (largest to smallest)

CAL FIRE horn signals 1,2&3

1. Stop Move forward Move backward

The goal of the prevention program is the prevention of _____1_____ and ____2__ of unwanted_____3____ caused fire with emphasis on______4_____ and_____5___ of large, damaging fires.

1. ignition 2. spread 3. human caused 4. loss reduction 5. prevention

Minimum size of GOA ( General origin area)

1/2 acre or less

Front axle shifts should be made at speeds of less than ________mph

10

Max slope for sidehilling; CDF Policy

15%

When driving off-road and uphill, maintain________ to_________ RPM's.

1500-2000

When you encounter a large rock or tree branch you need to climb, use your left foot on the break and maintain RPM's of _________

1500-2000

A single indicator may be accurate within a _________ deg arc.

180

Walk the perimeter of the specific origin area at least_______ times

2

NFPA 1901 says that engines over 33k lbs can be tilted_____% without lifting a wheel

27%

The average size of a powerpole is _________ feet tall.

40

Maximum climbing slope able to drive per CDF policy?

40%

_________ deg is a 100% slope.

45

Minimum size of a SOA (Specific Origin Area)

5x5

How many steps are there in the scientific method used in investigation

6

LE-66 is due_____ days after the start of the fire

7

Chain of custody is logged on a LE-_____ form

75

When interviewing allows the subject to do________% of the talking in the coversation

80

NFPA________ relates to investigation

921

Who has a responsibility to protect the orgin during IA?

All fire suppression personal

Foliage freeze points_________(towards or away from)n the orgin

Away from; influenced by the wind

What steps can you take to avoid becoming "high centered"?

Build a ramp with rocks or cribbing

What happens when hot components are driven through or placed in cool water?

Can create a vaccum and suck water in

LE-80

Case report for cost recovery

__________ evidence tends to prove a fact in dispute indirectly

Circumstantial

Burn permits , ownership maps, etc are examples of ____________ evidence

Demonstrative

The_________ splits torque equally between both tires.

Differential

Which part of the chassis usually has the least clearance?

Differentials

A testimony is classified as _________ evidence

Direct

Vector is another word for_________

Direction that the fire advanced

Sooting and staining appear on the ______ (exposed or non exposed) of fire indicators.

Exposed

Wind influenced indicators usually appear on the ______side (exposed or non exposed)

Exposed

T/F Before interviewing a suspect, you or the prevention officer must inform them of their Miranda rights

False

T/F a single investigator is preferred over a team approach

False

T/F Most fires start with an open flame

False; They start smoldeirng

T/F Conduct group interviews if the witnesses were together when they witnessed the event

False; never group interviews

T/F Start your investigation where you think the origin is

False; start far out, and work your way in

T/F Unless it is inclimate weather, utilize the engine brake or exhaust break for majority of off road braking

False; turn them off

Analyzing the relationship between majority of individual indicators reveals the overall

Fire pattern

A physical object that displays changes from exposure to fire reveals fire progression is called a

Fire pattern indicator

Vector areas are based on the dynamics of_________

Fire spread

Process for putting engine in 4WD

Flip switch to engage the front axle Flip the XFER switch from HIGH to LOW Put transmission in 1st gear

When backing up, turning the wheel will cause the front end to swing out to one side. This is called____________.

Front end swing

If torque is ____________ (greater/less) than traction, the wheels will spin.

Greater

IF your motor restarts while youre climning a hill follow these 3 steps:

Hold the brake w/left foot Accelerate w/ right foot Release the brake Dont roll backwards

Facts that are common knowledge (ie. fireworks are common on 4th of July) are called _____________ when using as evidence

Judicial Notice

Why would you slightly ride your brakes when driving through water ?

Keeps mud and grit out of your brakes

2 requirements for miranda rights to be given

Law enforcement is interogatting the subject AND the suspect precieves they are being detained

The scientific method, plus specific methods equals____________

Methodology

Protection indicators appear on the _______side (exposed or non exposed) at a ________ deg to ______deg angle

Non exposed 45-90 deg

When a fire is backing downhill or against the wind, the angle of char will be __________ to the slope

Parallel

When you trying to find the origin and you need to move an object, what do you need to do prior to moving the object?

Photograph it in place

To determine the cause of a fire, 1st narrow down which causes were__________. Then after the fact finding and investigation, determine which cause is the most_________ in your opinion.

Possible; probable

Be weary of ____________ in off road situations when steering around obstacles because you can clear the front tires, but scrape the rear side panels.

Rear wheel cheat

(3) Fire investigation flag colors for indicators vector direction

Red= advancing Yellow= Lateral Blue= Backing

A tree with burnt bark advancing diagonally upwards from right-to-left, had fire approach it from the ______side

Right

What class is FI-210

SFM fire investigation/ orgin and cause

white ash will adhere to objects when they when they have _____________ (Sooting or staining) because it is sticky

Staining

LE-71

Supplemental report used to update fire reports

Orderly, thoroughness,methodical and regularity relate _________ to methodically investigating a fire

Systematically

T/F Stop the apparatus to put the transmision into 1st gear when going into 4WD

TRue

Most fire cases rely on physcal evidence and __________

Testimonials

If the lead investigator is diverted to another duty, who is now responsible for the investigation/ report?

The IC

__________ is the amount of force or power supplied to the wheels.

Torque

Grass stems will fall ______(toward or away from) the orgin if they aren't completely consumed in backing fires

Toward

Cupping on a leaf; the curved edges on the leaf will point_______ the orgin.

Towards

____________ is the amount of friction between the tires and the road surface.

Traction.

An area of directional change based on variations in intensity is called a/an __________________.

Transition zone

T/F Approach all fire investigations as if a crime has been committed

True

T/F Do not steer when you are not moving

True

T/F Fire pattern indicators become more subtle the closer you get to the orgin

True

T/F If the transfer case is in NEUTRAL, the transmission will engage, but the axle will not recieve power

True

T/F If the witness interview isn't taken ASAP, the story can become "tainted" by the witness discussing the story with others

True

T/F If you pick up an object such as a bottle or rock, and see a clean burn line, the fire came from the direction with the clean burn line.

True

T/F Never turn/steer wheels when you're stopped in 4WD

True

T/F Transition zones of fire patterns are often subtle

True

T/F Once an investigator is assigned then the responsibiltiy of therep/ investigation is transfered to the investigator

True; However the IC must document everything prior to the investigators arrival

What 2 concepts does damage differential tell us?

U or V pattern; individual indicators

Unitl an orgin and cause is concluded and documented, the fire is still____________.

Under investigation

Whos responsibility is it that all fires in their response area are investigated

Unit chief

If two or more possible causes are equally likely, then determine the fire cause to be___________.

Untermined

When side hilling, keep your wheels on the _______(upper or lower) side of the road

Upper

What is easier to drive in, wet sand or dry?

Wet

Evidence based flag colors

White=evidence Lime Green= Points/items of interest

Foliage freeze, grass stem, cupping, and angle of char are all_______influenced indicators

Wind

White ash deposits is an indicator influenced by__________

Wind

The perimeter of the specific origin area is where the fire was first influenced by __________________

Wind, fuel or topography

Macroscale indicators are found on________vectors

advancing

If you feels like you are going to roll when side-hilling turn_______(uphill or downhill) and step on the ________(brake or accelerator) pedal

downhill; accelerator

The longer the wheelbase, the greater the chance there is to get stuck________ on an obstacle

high centered

The process of inquiry that seeks admissions of guilt or confessions is called a/an__________

interrogation

A detailed questioning of a subject to determine facts of an incident is called a/an

interview

What is the 9400 handbook

investigation

Evidence may be submitted and used if it was obtained in areas that were__________ or ___________.

public property or in plain view

Investigate the origin in a _____________ patern

serpentine

Which vehicle has the right-of-way when 2 vehicles meet on a hill? (uphill or downhill)

uphill