6th Grade Science: Chapter 7: Atoms & Molecules

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Acid

Acid or Base?: 0 - 6.9 pH

Base

Acid or Base?: 7.1 - 14 pH

Base

Acid or Base?: Baking Soda

Base

Acid or Base?: Bitter

Base

Acid or Base?: Drain Cleaner

Acid

Acid or Base?: Form hydrogen ions

Base

Acid or Base?: Form hydroxide ions

Acid

Acid or Base?: Lemon Juice

Base

Acid or Base?: Pepto Bismol

Base

Acid or Base?: Slippery

Acid

Acid or Base?: Sour

Acid

Acid or Base?: Vinegar

Acid

Acid or Base?: can be corrosive

Helpful: Digests Food Harmful: causes stomach aches and/or ulcers

How is Hydrochloric Acid helpful? How is it harmful?

2

How many electrons can the first shell of an atom hold?

8

How many electrons can the second shell of an atom hold?

18

How many electrons can the third shell of an atom hold?

More than 100

How many elements have been discovered or produced?

English and Latin

What 2 languages do chemical symbols come from?

proton (+), electron (-), and neutron (no charge/neutral)

What are the three main parts of an atom and what are their charges?

1.) something solid appears in the solution; 2.) a color change may take place; 3.) whether heat is produced or absorbed

What are three signs that a chemical reaction has occurred?

There are 9 Carbon atoms, 8 Hydrogen atoms, and 4 Oxygen atoms

What does the chemical formula of C9H8O4 tell us about the make-up of the compound?

careful investigation and accurate records

What is chemistry based on?

the study of matter, what it is made of, what its usual characteristics are, and how it reacts with other matter

What is the FULL DEFINITION of chemistry?

C

What is the chemical symbol for Carbon?

Au

What is the chemical symbol for Gold?

He

What is the chemical symbol for Helium?

H

What is the chemical symbol for Hydrogen?

Fe

What is the chemical symbol for Iron?

Pb

What is the chemical symbol for Lead?

Hg

What is the chemical symbol for Mercury?

O

What is the chemical symbol for Oxygen?

K

What is the chemical symbol for Potassium?

Ag

What is the chemical symbol for Silver?

Na

What is the chemical symbol for Sodium?

Sn

What is the chemical symbol for Tin?

H2O

What is the chemical symbol for water?

water

What is the most common compound on earth?

1.) the name of the element; 2.) the chemical symbol; 3.) the atomic number

What three things are found on each square on the Periodic Table of the Elements?

1.) turn metal into gold; 2.) find a potion for long life

What were the two goals of alchemy

An upset stomach is caused by too much acid being present. Tums & Rolaids contain a base. Adding a base to an acid helps to neutralize the acid

Why do people use antacids, such as Tums and Rolaids, for an upset stomach?

chemical symbols

abbreviations for the elements

hydrochloric acid

acid produced in your stomach

stable

an atom that will not easily combine with others due to full outer shell

matter

anything that takes up space and has mass

closed

atom whose outer shell is completely filled with electrons

atomic mass

atom's weight; total number of protons and neutrons

nucleus

center of an atom

calcium carbonate

chalk

decomposition

chemical reaction that breaks down a compound into simpler compounds

synthesis

chemical reaction that builds more complex compounds

families

color coded; based on properties indicating type of metal/non-metal

salt

compound that contains positive ions from a base and negative ions from an acid

negative ion

created when an atom gains an electron

positive ion

created when an atom loses or gives up an electron

molecule

group of atoms joined together

period

horizontal row in the Periodic Table based on number of shells

alchemy

later developed into the scientific study of chemistry

shells

levels of electrons in an atom

particle accelerator

machine that smashes atoms

compound

molecule made from 2 or more different kinds of atoms

pH

number assigned to show amount of concentration of a base or an acid in a solution

atomic number

number of protons in an atom

neutral

pH of 7

endothermic

reaction in which heat is absorbed and temperature of solution decreases

exothermic

reaction in which heat is produced and temperature of solution increases

Mendeleev

scientist who developed the Periodic Table of the Elements

Niels Bohr

scientist who made the first model of an atom

crystals

shapes formed by all ionic compounds

subatomic

smallest particles in an atom

atom

smallest piece of an element that can be recognized as that element

element

substance containing only one kind of atom

indicator

substance that changes color when combined with an acid or a base

Periodic Table of the Elements

system of classification of the elements

sodium chloride

table salt

covalent bond

type of bond created when atoms share electrons

ionic bond

type of bond created when positive and negative ions join magnetically

formula

uses numbers and symbols to show composition of a compound

group

vertical columns in the Periodic Table based on the number of electrons in outer shell

atomic theory

what scientists think about atoms based on how they act in experiments


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