6th Grade Science: Chapter 7: Atoms & Molecules
Acid
Acid or Base?: 0 - 6.9 pH
Base
Acid or Base?: 7.1 - 14 pH
Base
Acid or Base?: Baking Soda
Base
Acid or Base?: Bitter
Base
Acid or Base?: Drain Cleaner
Acid
Acid or Base?: Form hydrogen ions
Base
Acid or Base?: Form hydroxide ions
Acid
Acid or Base?: Lemon Juice
Base
Acid or Base?: Pepto Bismol
Base
Acid or Base?: Slippery
Acid
Acid or Base?: Sour
Acid
Acid or Base?: Vinegar
Acid
Acid or Base?: can be corrosive
Helpful: Digests Food Harmful: causes stomach aches and/or ulcers
How is Hydrochloric Acid helpful? How is it harmful?
2
How many electrons can the first shell of an atom hold?
8
How many electrons can the second shell of an atom hold?
18
How many electrons can the third shell of an atom hold?
More than 100
How many elements have been discovered or produced?
English and Latin
What 2 languages do chemical symbols come from?
proton (+), electron (-), and neutron (no charge/neutral)
What are the three main parts of an atom and what are their charges?
1.) something solid appears in the solution; 2.) a color change may take place; 3.) whether heat is produced or absorbed
What are three signs that a chemical reaction has occurred?
There are 9 Carbon atoms, 8 Hydrogen atoms, and 4 Oxygen atoms
What does the chemical formula of C9H8O4 tell us about the make-up of the compound?
careful investigation and accurate records
What is chemistry based on?
the study of matter, what it is made of, what its usual characteristics are, and how it reacts with other matter
What is the FULL DEFINITION of chemistry?
C
What is the chemical symbol for Carbon?
Au
What is the chemical symbol for Gold?
He
What is the chemical symbol for Helium?
H
What is the chemical symbol for Hydrogen?
Fe
What is the chemical symbol for Iron?
Pb
What is the chemical symbol for Lead?
Hg
What is the chemical symbol for Mercury?
O
What is the chemical symbol for Oxygen?
K
What is the chemical symbol for Potassium?
Ag
What is the chemical symbol for Silver?
Na
What is the chemical symbol for Sodium?
Sn
What is the chemical symbol for Tin?
H2O
What is the chemical symbol for water?
water
What is the most common compound on earth?
1.) the name of the element; 2.) the chemical symbol; 3.) the atomic number
What three things are found on each square on the Periodic Table of the Elements?
1.) turn metal into gold; 2.) find a potion for long life
What were the two goals of alchemy
An upset stomach is caused by too much acid being present. Tums & Rolaids contain a base. Adding a base to an acid helps to neutralize the acid
Why do people use antacids, such as Tums and Rolaids, for an upset stomach?
chemical symbols
abbreviations for the elements
hydrochloric acid
acid produced in your stomach
stable
an atom that will not easily combine with others due to full outer shell
matter
anything that takes up space and has mass
closed
atom whose outer shell is completely filled with electrons
atomic mass
atom's weight; total number of protons and neutrons
nucleus
center of an atom
calcium carbonate
chalk
decomposition
chemical reaction that breaks down a compound into simpler compounds
synthesis
chemical reaction that builds more complex compounds
families
color coded; based on properties indicating type of metal/non-metal
salt
compound that contains positive ions from a base and negative ions from an acid
negative ion
created when an atom gains an electron
positive ion
created when an atom loses or gives up an electron
molecule
group of atoms joined together
period
horizontal row in the Periodic Table based on number of shells
alchemy
later developed into the scientific study of chemistry
shells
levels of electrons in an atom
particle accelerator
machine that smashes atoms
compound
molecule made from 2 or more different kinds of atoms
pH
number assigned to show amount of concentration of a base or an acid in a solution
atomic number
number of protons in an atom
neutral
pH of 7
endothermic
reaction in which heat is absorbed and temperature of solution decreases
exothermic
reaction in which heat is produced and temperature of solution increases
Mendeleev
scientist who developed the Periodic Table of the Elements
Niels Bohr
scientist who made the first model of an atom
crystals
shapes formed by all ionic compounds
subatomic
smallest particles in an atom
atom
smallest piece of an element that can be recognized as that element
element
substance containing only one kind of atom
indicator
substance that changes color when combined with an acid or a base
Periodic Table of the Elements
system of classification of the elements
sodium chloride
table salt
covalent bond
type of bond created when atoms share electrons
ionic bond
type of bond created when positive and negative ions join magnetically
formula
uses numbers and symbols to show composition of a compound
group
vertical columns in the Periodic Table based on the number of electrons in outer shell
atomic theory
what scientists think about atoms based on how they act in experiments
