A & P 2 - Module 22/3
In the oral cavity, the digestive enzyme __________ is found in saliva and begins the digestion of __________.
amylase; starch
The small, slender structure that is attached to the large intestine and is suffused with lymphoid nodules is the
appendix
The reflex that occurs in the large intestine and promotes the movement of feces toward the anus is the
defecation reflex
The bile duct and the pancreatic duct both enter the duodenum at the
duodenal papilla
When two fluids are separated by a selectively permeable membrane, water tends to flow into the fluid that has the
higher concentration of solutes
Which of the following causes an immediate increase in the rates of glandular secretion and peristaltic activity in all segments of the small intestine?
Gastroenteric reflex
What are the pouches that give the colon its typical appearance?
Haustra
Which of the following is not a function of saliva?
Increasing dental caries
Which of the following produces, on a daily basis, the least number of the peristaltic contractions that force food through the digestive tract?
Large intestine
Why is diarrhea potentially life threatening?
Loss of water and electrolytes
Which of the following does NOT digest proteins?
Nuclease
Which of the following does NOT digest carbohydrates?
Pancreatic lipase
Which of the following is not true of the parotid glands?
Secretions empty along the lingual frenulum
Which of the following is NOT a region of the small intestine?
Cecum
What is the correct sequence of parts in the colon moving from the small intestine to the anus?
Cecum; ascending colon; transverse colon; descending colon; sigmoid colon; rectum
There are some obvious bends in the colon that you don't see in the small intestine. What are the names of these bends?
Flexures
What is perhaps the most important function of the large intestine?
Water reabsorption
What is the average composition of fecal waste material?
75 percent water, 5 percent bacteria, and 20 percent indigestible materials, inorganic matter, and epithelial remains
Which of the following are NOT absorbed in the large intestine?
All of the listed substances are absorbed in the large intestine.
If you put marbles in your mouth, which cranial nerve monitors receptors that detect their presence and causes the salivary reflex?
Cranial nerve V
What is the main stimulus that triggers the defecation reflex?
Distension of the rectum
How does the mucosa of the rectum compare with that of the colon and the cecum?
The colon and the cecum are lined with a simple columnar epithelium for absorption, whereas the rectum is lined with a stratified squamous epithelium because the rectum is next to the opening to the exterior of the body.
The two positive-feedback loops involved in the defecation reflex are
the stretch receptors in the rectal walls and the sacral parasympathetic system