A & P 2Lab Exam 2 Jeopardy

What neurotransmitter is released by preganglionic neurons

Acetylcholine

What condition caused by an overproduction GH in adults

Acromegaly

ACTH controls secretion of which hormone

Adrenal cortex hormones especially cortisol

Name a tissue that is only innervated by the sympathetic division

Adrenal medulla, blood vessels, sweat glands, erector pili muscles, kidneys

This structure of the ear is a direct connection from the middle ear to the throat, and is the pathway responsible for many middle ear infections

Auditory tube

What disorder is characterized by over secretion cortisol, usually caused by a pituitary tumor

Cushing's syndrome

What disease is characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels

Diabetes mellitus (type 1 - insulin dependent - insulin producing cells, beta pancreas cells destroyed)

List 2 differences between nervous and endocrine systems

Endocrine is longer lasting Nervous system faster

What type of hormone binds to extracellular and intracellular receptors

Extracellular - amino acid Intracellular - steroid based and thyroid hormones

Which nerve is responsible for taste on the anterior portion of the tongue

Facial nerve CN VII

Parasympathetic tone responsible dilating the pupils

False - this would be sympathetic tone

What 2 hormones are called gonadotropins

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)

Whats structure of eye that has greatest visual acuity

Fovea centralis - has denses number of cones (or macula lutea)

What are messengers of endocrine system

Hormones

Which 2 hormones are produced by pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels

Insulin and glucagon

This is name of muscle that opens and closes the pupil depending on light conditions

Iris (its smooth muscle so under control of ANS)

The neurotransmitter secreted by post ganglion sympathetic fibers is

NE

This is name of crossing of optic nerve fibers in brain

Optic chiasm

Which hormone promotes uterine contractions and production milk in mammary glands

Oxytocin Positive feedback loop

Which 2 hormones are produced by posterior pituitary

Oxytocin and ADH

What are structures in tongue called that house the taste buds

Papillae

Calcitonin is secreted when blood calcium levels too high, opposes action of

Parathyroid hormone

This is name of most external and visual portion of ear

Pinna (auricle)

What condition excessive GH in childhood

Pituitary gigantism

List 3 major endocrine glands

Pituitary gland, adrenal gland, thyroid, gonads, pancreas, parathyroid

If a person has diabetes insipidus in which gland would you look for the cause

Posterior pituitary (hyposecretion ADH)

What 2 categories of hormones does hypothalamus produce to regulate the secretion of other hormones

Releasing hormones (RH) and inhibiting hormone (IH)

What are names structures inner ear that sense body equilibrium and position in space

Semicircular canals

Negative feedback loop works

Stimulus for something, causes action and the original stimulus goes away which then stops the loop

Whats name of structure of where ganglions of thoracolumbar division exist

Sympathetic trunk

Once medial fibers from each optic nerve cross, they synapse in this structure before traveling to the cerebrum. This serves as a relay center for these nerve fibers

Thalamus

This structure is where sound is first sensed as a sound wave

Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Name 2 cranial nerves that are apart of the parasympathetic nervous system

Vagus, glossopharyngeal, facial, oculomotor

What neurotransmitter released postganglionic from parasympathetic nervous system

acetylcholine

Which gland produces epinephrine and norepinephrine

adrenal medulla

What is collective term for male sex hormones

androgens

This is blood vessel rich, middle layer of eye

choroid

This muscle pulls on the lens to focus our vision at different distances

ciliary bodies

These are color sensing cells of retina

cones

This is name of layer of clear sclera tissue covering the front of the eye

cornea

T/F the parasympathetic division innervates the adrenal medulla

false

This condition of the eyeball is the result of blocked aqueous humor flow, and results in increased internal pressure of the eye

glaucoma

A lack of iodine in diet causes thyroid gland enlarge whats it called

goiter

These are names of 3 smallest bones body inner ear

incus, malleus (hit tampanion membrane), stapes (hit against cochlea)

This structure is responsible for producing tears

lacrimal gland

This is biconvex, crystal like clear structure which can change shape to focus light precisely onto the posterior, internal eye

lens

Which hormone secreted in daily rhythm influences sleep/wake cycles

melatonin

Whats more common positive or negative feedback

negative feedback

This is lobe of brain that is involved in processing visual info from the eyes

occipital lobe

Which nerve is responsible for sense of smell

olfactory nerve

This is name of nerve emerging from the back of each eyeball

optic nerve

What is master gland of body

pituitary gland (hypothalamus known as the boss)

Which nerve (pre or post) is longer parasympathetic division

preganglionic

This is name of hole (in middle of iris) that opens and closes depending on the light conditions

pupil

These are grey scale sensing cells of retina

rods

This is scientific name for white part of eyeball

sclera

Where are hormone receptors found

target cells

This is lobe of brain which process auditory info from ears

temporal lobe

How do hormones travel thru the body

thru the bloodstream

Cranial nerves are part of PNS true or false

true

Sympathetic controls blood vessel diameter

true

The parasympathetic system is responsible for rest and digestion - salivation, lacrimation tears

true