A & P 2Lab Exam 2 Jeopardy
What neurotransmitter is released by preganglionic neurons
Acetylcholine
What condition caused by an overproduction GH in adults
Acromegaly
ACTH controls secretion of which hormone
Adrenal cortex hormones especially cortisol
Name a tissue that is only innervated by the sympathetic division
Adrenal medulla, blood vessels, sweat glands, erector pili muscles, kidneys
This structure of the ear is a direct connection from the middle ear to the throat, and is the pathway responsible for many middle ear infections
Auditory tube
What disorder is characterized by over secretion cortisol, usually caused by a pituitary tumor
Cushing's syndrome
What disease is characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels
Diabetes mellitus (type 1 - insulin dependent - insulin producing cells, beta pancreas cells destroyed)
List 2 differences between nervous and endocrine systems
Endocrine is longer lasting Nervous system faster
What type of hormone binds to extracellular and intracellular receptors
Extracellular - amino acid Intracellular - steroid based and thyroid hormones
Which nerve is responsible for taste on the anterior portion of the tongue
Facial nerve CN VII
Parasympathetic tone responsible dilating the pupils
False - this would be sympathetic tone
What 2 hormones are called gonadotropins
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
Whats structure of eye that has greatest visual acuity
Fovea centralis - has denses number of cones (or macula lutea)
What are messengers of endocrine system
Hormones
Which 2 hormones are produced by pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels
Insulin and glucagon
This is name of muscle that opens and closes the pupil depending on light conditions
Iris (its smooth muscle so under control of ANS)
The neurotransmitter secreted by post ganglion sympathetic fibers is
NE
This is name of crossing of optic nerve fibers in brain
Optic chiasm
Which hormone promotes uterine contractions and production milk in mammary glands
Oxytocin Positive feedback loop
Which 2 hormones are produced by posterior pituitary
Oxytocin and ADH
What are structures in tongue called that house the taste buds
Papillae
Calcitonin is secreted when blood calcium levels too high, opposes action of
Parathyroid hormone
This is name of most external and visual portion of ear
Pinna (auricle)
What condition excessive GH in childhood
Pituitary gigantism
List 3 major endocrine glands
Pituitary gland, adrenal gland, thyroid, gonads, pancreas, parathyroid
If a person has diabetes insipidus in which gland would you look for the cause
Posterior pituitary (hyposecretion ADH)
What 2 categories of hormones does hypothalamus produce to regulate the secretion of other hormones
Releasing hormones (RH) and inhibiting hormone (IH)
What are names structures inner ear that sense body equilibrium and position in space
Semicircular canals
Negative feedback loop works
Stimulus for something, causes action and the original stimulus goes away which then stops the loop
Whats name of structure of where ganglions of thoracolumbar division exist
Sympathetic trunk
Once medial fibers from each optic nerve cross, they synapse in this structure before traveling to the cerebrum. This serves as a relay center for these nerve fibers
Thalamus
This structure is where sound is first sensed as a sound wave
Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Name 2 cranial nerves that are apart of the parasympathetic nervous system
Vagus, glossopharyngeal, facial, oculomotor
What neurotransmitter released postganglionic from parasympathetic nervous system
acetylcholine
Which gland produces epinephrine and norepinephrine
adrenal medulla
What is collective term for male sex hormones
androgens
This is blood vessel rich, middle layer of eye
choroid
This muscle pulls on the lens to focus our vision at different distances
ciliary bodies
These are color sensing cells of retina
cones
This is name of layer of clear sclera tissue covering the front of the eye
cornea
T/F the parasympathetic division innervates the adrenal medulla
false
This condition of the eyeball is the result of blocked aqueous humor flow, and results in increased internal pressure of the eye
glaucoma
A lack of iodine in diet causes thyroid gland enlarge whats it called
goiter
These are names of 3 smallest bones body inner ear
incus, malleus (hit tampanion membrane), stapes (hit against cochlea)
This structure is responsible for producing tears
lacrimal gland
This is biconvex, crystal like clear structure which can change shape to focus light precisely onto the posterior, internal eye
lens
Which hormone secreted in daily rhythm influences sleep/wake cycles
melatonin
Whats more common positive or negative feedback
negative feedback
This is lobe of brain that is involved in processing visual info from the eyes
occipital lobe
Which nerve is responsible for sense of smell
olfactory nerve
This is name of nerve emerging from the back of each eyeball
optic nerve
What is master gland of body
pituitary gland (hypothalamus known as the boss)
Which nerve (pre or post) is longer parasympathetic division
preganglionic
This is name of hole (in middle of iris) that opens and closes depending on the light conditions
pupil
These are grey scale sensing cells of retina
rods
This is scientific name for white part of eyeball
sclera
Where are hormone receptors found
target cells
This is lobe of brain which process auditory info from ears
temporal lobe
How do hormones travel thru the body
thru the bloodstream
Cranial nerves are part of PNS true or false
true
Sympathetic controls blood vessel diameter
true
The parasympathetic system is responsible for rest and digestion - salivation, lacrimation tears
true