A&P 2 Chapter 17
Why can't a person with type A safely receive blood from a person with type B blood
A person with type A blood will have anti-B antibodies that will agglutinate with type B blood
A person with type A blood has
B antibodies in the plasma
All of the following blood diseases are caused by pathogens except
Hemophilia
A typical adult hematocrit is
Higher in males than females
Plasma is the closest in ionic composition to
Interstitial fluid
How does a treatment with anti-Rh antibodies (RhoGAM) prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn
It prevents maternal anti-Rh antibodies from crossing the placenta
Aged in damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in all of the following places except the
Kidney
Which type of white blood cells would you find in the greatest numbers in an infected cut
Neutrophil
The most common form of hemolytic disease of the newborn happens after a _______ woman has carried a _______ fetus
Rh-, Rh +
Why is RhoGAM administered to pregnant Rh women
RhoGAM contains anti-Rh antibodies, which circulate in the mothers' bloodstream to destroy any fetal RBCs there, thereby preventing the mother from making antibodies against the developing fetus's red blood cells.
When blood is fractionated, it's components are what for the purpose of analysis
Separated
Which blood type can safely be transfused into a person with type O - blood
They can receive only O- blood
The average lifespan of a red blood cell is
120 days
The total volume of blood in the body in an adult male is approximately
5-6 liters
Plasma composed about what percent of whole blood and water composed what percent of the plasma volume
55,92
The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen happen if
A gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal
Which of the following is false concerning monocytes
A) about same size as basophils
After donating 0.5 liters of blood, one would expect
A) an increased reticulocyte count.
When a person who lives at level vacations in the Rocky Mountains you would expect
All of the answers are correct
Which condition with a patient have if she had a depressed hematocrit level
Anemia
Which is determined by the surface antigens on RBCs
Blood type
Define hematocrit
Hematocrit is the percentage of whole blood volume contributed by formed elements
All of the following are heritable blood disorders except
Malaria
A cancer involving neutrophils, eosinophils, or basophils is called a
Myeloid leukemia
Identify the two types of leukemia
Myeloid leukemia and lymphoid leukemia
Which blood type contains RBCs with surface antigen B only and plasma the contains only anti-A antibodies
Type B
Which blood type consists of plasma containing both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
Type O
Platelets are
cytoplasmic fragments of large cells
Which of these descriptions best matches the term lymphocytes
defend against specific pathogens or toxins
Platelets function in all of the following except
dissolving a formed clot
Which of the following are the most abundant of the formed elements
erythrocytes
The process of red blood cell production is called
erythropoiesis
Which of the following plasma proteins function in clotting
fibrinogen
A hematocrit provides information on
formed elements abundance
Identify the components of the cardiovascular system
heart, blood, blood vessels
More than 95% of the protein a in red blood cell is
hemoglobin
Which of the following is not true of basophils
increased production during parasitic infections
pernicious anemia caused by lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by
injections of vitamin B12
RBCs typically live about 120 days. The main reason for this short lifespan in RBCs is their
lack a nucleus
Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called
megakaryocytes
During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of
neutrophils
The most numerous white blood cells in the peripheral circulation are the
neutrophils
Identify the five types of white blood cells.
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term eosinophils
often elevated in allergic individuals
Which of the following is not a component of plasma
platelets
An elevated hematocrit value is termed
polycythemia
Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood except
viscosity about the same as water.
The most abundant component of plasma is
water
Hematology can detect all of the following except
Body temperature
Red cell production is stimulated by a kidney-derived hormone called
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Red blood cell production is regulated by what hormone which is mostly produced in what
Erythropoietin; kidneys
Which of the following is NOT of the three phases of hemostasis
Fibrinous
What is hematology
Hematology is the study of blood blood producing organs and blood disorders
The yellow color that is visible in the eyes and skin is jaundice results from all of the following except
Hematuria
Describe hemoglobin
Hemoglobin is a protein inside RBCs that binds oxygen.
What transports oxygen and co2 in the RBC's
Hemoglobin molecules
Define hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).
Hemolytic disease of a newborn is a condition in which maternal Rh antibodies attack and destroy fatal Rh-positive red blood cells, resulting in anemia
What is the most common blood type in the United States
O+
Type 0+ blood cannot be given to what type of recipient
O-
Which blood disorder involves a deficiency of Vitamin B 12
Pernicious anemia
Which of the following is not a function of blood
Produces hormones
The ______is a procedure that is used to determine the number of mature erythrocytes
RBC count
Describe the functional aspects of RBCs
RBCs have a large surface area to volume ratio, exhibit the ability to form stacks, and they are flexible
In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively take place in
Red bone marrow
In adults, the only site of red blood cell production and the primary site of white cell formation is
Red bone marrow
What is true regarding heme
The binding of the oxygen molecule to the iron in a heme unit is completely reversible
Which of these descriptions best matches the term platelets
adhere to collagen beneath endothelium
What is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced
anemia
Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood
antibodies
Erythropoiesis is stimulated when
both oxygen levels in the blood decrease and blood flow to the kidney declines.
The function of hemoglobin is to
carry oxygen
The function of red blood cells is to
carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells
Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is
recycled to the bone marrow
Normal pH of blood
slightly alkaline
Define hemostasis
stoppage of bleeding
People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because
their blood lacks A or B antibodies
Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood
45 percent