A&P: Ch.7__The Peripheral Nervous System

The vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for equilibrium and ______.

hearing

The dorsal root of a spinal nerve consists of ______ fibers.

sensory (afferent)

An autonomic nerve that emerges from the brain or sacral region of the spinal cord would be a ______ nerve.

parasympathetic

The digestive system is stimulated by ______ nerves.

parasympathetic

The ventral branches of several spinal nerves may interconnect to form a ______.

plexus

There are ______ pairs of cervical spinal nerves and ______ pairs of thoracic spinal nerves.

8; 12

Cranial nerves transmit orders in the form of neural signals from the brain to where?

Cranial nerves transmit information to the brain from sensory receptors. Then they transmit orders in the form of neural signals from the brain to muscles and glands

Afferent and efferent neurons make up the what system?

The afferent and efferent neurons of the somatic division, along with neurons of the autonomic division, make up the cranial and spinal nerves.

Two of the nerves that emerge from the brachial plexus are?

The brachial plexus is located deep within the shoulder. It supplies the lower part of the shoulder, the arm, and the hand. Two of the nerves that emerge from this plexus are the ulnar nerve (funny bone) and the radial nerve.

Dorsal and Ventral roots join to form what?

The dorsal and ventral roots join to form a spinal nerve.

Phrenic nerve transmits impulses to ___?

The phrenic nerve, which exits from this plexus, transmits impulses to the diaphragm.

The largest nerve in the body ___ can be compressed and pinched by herniated disks?

The sacral plexus supplies the buttock, thigh, leg, and foot. The main branch of the sacral plexus is the sciatic (sy-a′-tic) nerve, the largest nerve in the body. The sciatic nerve can be compressed (pinched) by a herniated disk in the lower back. Inflammation occurs, causing pain, and sometimes numbness, in the leg. Sciatica is the pain that radiates through the hips and buttocks, and may travel down the back of the leg

What is made up of the cell bodies and sensory neurons?

The spinal ganglion, which consists of the cell bodies of the sensory neurons

12 pairs of what spinal nerves?

There are 12 pairs of Thoracic spinal nerves

5 pairs of what spinal nerves?

There are 5 pairs of Lumbar spinal nerves and 5 pairs of Sacral spinal nerves

Norepinephrine is released by: a. postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic system b. postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic system c. preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic system d. preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic system

a. postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic system

The portion of the PNS that functions to maintain a steady state within the internal environment is the ______ division.

autonomic

Neurons that release acetylcholine are referred to as: a. adrenergic b. cholinergic c. preganglionic d. terminal

b. cholinergic

Spinal nerves: a. are mainly motor nerves b. transmit sensory information to the spinal cord c. transmit motor information to the spinal cord d. consist of both preganglionic neurons and neurons that are part of the vagus nerve

b. transmit sensory information to the spinal cord

A spinal ganglion would be found: a. on the cervical plexus b. on the ventral branch of a spinal nerve c. on the dorsal root of a spinal nerve d. at the end of a preganglionic neuron of the sympathetic system

c. on the dorsal root of a spinal nerve

The 2nd cranial nerve is the ______ nerve; the 10th cranial nerve is the ______ nerve.

optic; vagus

The part of the PNS that keeps the body in adjustment with the external environment is the ______ division.

somatic

The rate and force of contraction of the heart are increased by its ______ nerves.

sympathetic