A&P chapter 4

inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands

boils and carbuncles

dry, dead flakes of stratum corneum

dandruff

the two main layers of skin are

epidermis and dermis

the sebaceous and sweat glands with the skin are classified as ________ glands because they release secretion to the skin's surface via ducts

exocrine

Although you get wet while swimming, which tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge?

keratin

what skin disorder is recognized using the ABCDE rule

melanoma

upper layer of the dermis that forms the papillae

papillary layer of dermis

which of the following contains chemicals that kill bacteria and prevent bacterial invasions of the skin

sebum

which membrane is constructed of a visceral and parietal layer

serous

the epidermis is composed of

stratified squamous epithelium

Jan got her microscope slides mixed up in lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as the ________.

subcutaneous tissue

type of membrane that lines the fibrous capsules surrounding joints

synovial membrane

which of the following membranes is composed of loose areolar connective tissue

synovial membrane

Virus that produces cold sores

Herpes simplex

which of the following is an indication of melanome

a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors

cell responsible for alerting and activating an immune response to a bacterial or viral invasion

epidermal dendritic cell

Joe just burned himself on a hot pot. A blister forms and the burn is painful. Joe's burn would best be described as a third-degree burn.

false

The reason that the nail bed appears pink is the presence of a large number of melanocytes in the underlying dermis.

false

When an individual is exposed to extremely low air temperatures, the capillaries of the skin will dilate so that blood will flush into skin capillary beds and heat will radiate

false

collagen and elastic fibers are common in the epidermis of the skin

false

synovial membrane occurs in pairs with a parietal and visceral layer

false

the ABCDE rule is used for classifying burns

false

the epidermis is made mostly of dense connective tissue

false

what type of burn only involves injury to the superficial epidermis

first

burn in which only the epidermis becomes red and swollen

first degree burn

where does hair growth occur

hair matrix

when james shaves his face, which portion of the hair is removed

hair shaft

staphylococcus bacterial infection causing water-filled lesions, commonly around the mouth and nose

impetigo

the staphylococcus infection of the skin causes pink, water-filled, raised lesions is known as

impetigo

The skin and its derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the:

integumentary system

which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders

jaundice

cells commonly found in the epidermis that produces keratin

keratinocyte

where are mucous membranes found

lining the inside of the stomach

the white crescent area located over the nail matrix is called the

lunule

cancer of melanocytes

malignant melanoma

hair color is due to a pigment known as

melanin

the "tanning" effect that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to the increased presence of

melanin

which of the following are pigments that contribute to skin color

melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

cell that produces a pigment known as melanin

melanocyte

which of the following membranes lines body cavities that are open to the exterior

mucous

Type of membrane adapted for absorption or secretion

mucous membrane

type of membrane that lines open body cavities

mucous membrane

fingerprints and footprints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in the

papillary layer of the dermis

which of the following is a lubricant that keeps skin soft and moist and also contains chemicals that kill bacteria

sebum

a nurse tends to a patient with a sunburn. upon examination, she sees blisters and red skin. what type of burn does the patient most likely have

second degree

the pleura and pericardium are examples of __________membranes that cover organs in a body cavity to the exterior

serous

Peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura are examples of this type of membrane

serous membrane

type of membrane that contains a visceral and a parietal layer

serous membrane

type of membrane that lines the body cavities closed to the exterior

serous membrane

cancer of stratum spinosum cells

squamous cell carcinoma

deepest layer of the epidermis that is situated closest to the dermis

stratum basale

which layer of the epidermis forms the nail bed

stratum basale

superficial layer of the epidermis made of 20-30 cell layers of dead, keratin-filled cells

stratum corneum

what layer is affected when a scrape affects the most superficial epidermal layer

stratum corneum

which layer of the epidermis is composed of flattened, dead, keratin-filled cells

stratum corneum

hypodermis

subcutaneous tissue

the ____________ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints

synovial

which of the following reduces friction in movable joints, such as the knee

synovial fluid

in order to warm the body up when cold,

the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright

which of the following is a vital function of the skin

the skin converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D

the arrector pili muscle contracts and pulls hairs upright when we are cold or frightened

true

the connective tissue composing the dermis is made of two regions: the papillary and the reticular areas

true

the majority of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes

true

the pigments that contribute to skin color are melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin

true

the rule of nines is used to estimate how much of the body surface is burned

true

a physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by

using the "rule of nines"

which vitamin is synthesized by the skin

vitamin D

infection of the sebaceous gland and the formation of pimples

acne

a genetic switch turns on male pattern baldness in response to

age

malignancy of the lowest epidermal layer

basal cell carcinoma

which of the following is a skin cancer that accounts for 80% of all skin cancer cases and affects the cells of stratum basale

basal cell carcinoma

people who produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is

brown

what provides toughness to the dermis and holds water in this skin layer

collagen fibers

the outermost layer of the epidermis keratinized and known as stratum ___________

corneum

the only dry membrane is the

cutaneous membrane

type of membrane that forms the skin

cutaneous membrane

skin inflammation

dermatitis

which of the following letters in the ABCDE rule for recognizing melanomas is incorrect

diagnosis

nutrients reach the surface of the skin through the process of

diffusion

what type of cutaneous gland produces sweat that cools the body upon evaporation from the skin

eccrine gland

squamous cell carcinoma arises from cells of the stratum spinosum

true

sebaceous glands and sweat glands are cutaneous glands associated with the skin

true

full thickness burn of the skin in which the skin becomes blackened or blanched

third degree burn

apocrine gland secretions are normally odorless, and may be milky or yellowish in color

true

apocrine glands are associated with hair follicles in the armpit and genital regions

true

both nails and hair are produced by stratum basale of the epidermis

true

both serous fluid and synovial fluid serve as lubricants in their respective locations

true

nails and hair are both composed of keratin

true