A&P exam 1
When elements found in column VIA of the periodic table become ions, they usually have a charge of
-2
What is the number of covalent bonds that an atom of nitrogen can form within a molecule?
3
24) Which describes the anatomic position?
A) Body is upright. B) Palms are facing forward. C) Thumbs point away from the body. D) Feet are flat on the floor. E) All of the choices are correct. Answer::::: (E)
23) Which of the following is not one of the four most common elements in the body?
Calcium
40) Which anatomical term describes the wrist region?
Carpal
When diagramming an atom, how many electrons can fit in each of the shells beyond the innermost shell?
Eight
Which of the following is an example of a best practice for effectively studying anatomy and physiology material?
Explaining a concept to a study partner
The word "anatomy" comes from
Greek and means "to cut apart."
Which branch of microscopic anatomy is the study of tissues?
Histology
The urinary bladder is found in which abdominopelvic region?
Hypogastric
Which system is responsible for providing protection, regulating body temperature, and being the site of cutaneous receptors?
Integumentary
Which of the following describes the sequence of steps in the scientific method?
Observe a natural event, form a hypothesis, experiments and testing, form conclusions
28) Which best defines "superficial"?
On the outside
At what level of organization is a tooth, which contains multiple tissue types?
Organ level
Which level consists of related organs that work to achieve a common function?
Organ system level
Which of the following statements accurately describes the organization of structures
Organs are made up of tissues, which are made up of cells, which are made up of organelles and molecules
39) What is the anatomic term for the foot?
Ped
Which of the following choices places the components of a homeostatic control system in proper order?
Stimulus, receptor, control center, effector
______ anatomy examines both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them
Surface
Which abdominopelvic regions have both a right and a left side?
The lumbar, iliac, and hypochondriac
10) Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?
The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and involuntary
When you are exposed to bright light, cells in the retina detect the stimulus and send it to the brain for processing. The brain commands the iris to constrict and decrease pupil size. Which structure serves as a receptor in this system?
The retina
Which serous membrane covers the surface of an organ?
The visceral layer
Which of the following statements accurately describes electrons
They are in orbitals outside the nucleus and have a negative charge
Which statement accurately describes isomers?
They have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
On the periodic table, beryllium sits above magnesium and to the right of lithium. Given that magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell and lithium has one, how many electrons would you predict beryllium has in its outer shell?
Two
The smallest structural unit that exhibits the characteristics of living things is
a cell
In the formation of a compound of sodium chloride,
a sodium atom donates an electron to a chlorine atom.
Radioisotopes contain
an excess of neutrons.
If carbon dioxide levels rise in the body, negative feedback mechanisms will trigger
an increase in breathing so that carbon dioxide levels decline to the set point.
A scientist who describes the layers of the heart wall and their relationship to the surrounding pericardium would be a(n)
anatomist
The limbs of the body are attached to the axis and make up the
appendicular region
Within the periodic table, elements are organized consecutively by
atomic number within rows.
33) The head, neck, and trunk make up the ______ region of the body.
axial
34) The cranial cavity houses the
brain
37) The anatomic term for the cheek is
buccal
The category of reactions in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones is known as
catabolism
32) The best term for referring to the rear or "tail end" is
caudal
Diagnosing a disease involves determining the
cause of the homeostatic imbalance
What is the anatomic term for the hip region?
coxal
7) The two main divisions of microscopic anatomy are
cytology and histology
In the positive feedback mechanism governing breastfeeding, the mammary glands of the breast serve as the
effector
The part of the homeostatic control mechanism that brings about change is the
effector
When you are exposed to bright light, a reflex is initiated and the muscles of your iris contract to decrease your pupil size. The iris muscles are acting as a(n)
effector
Which of the following has the smallest mass?
electron
Ionic bonds involve
electrostatic interactions between anions and cations
The pericardium is a two-layered serous membrane that
encloses the heart
Of the nine abdominopelvic regions, the one that is most superior in the middle column is called the
epigastric
Disease is often considered the result of
failure of homeostatic systems.
With a specimen in the anatomic position, you can best see the mediastinum with a _____ view.
frontal
44) The term "hallux" refers to the
great toe
An inguinal hernia is in the region of the
groin
11) Biological half-life is the time required for
half of a radioactive material to be eliminated from the body
11) Respiratory physiology is primarily the study of
how gases are transferred between the lungs and the blood vessels supplying them.
Consider an atom with four electrons in its outer shell. If that atom is covalently bound to three other atoms within a molecule, then it is
in a double bond with one atom and in single bonds with two atoms
The serous fluid that helps in cardiac function is located
in the pericardial cavity, between the parietal and visceral pericardial layers
The control center of a homeostatic mechanism
integrates sensory input and signals for change as needed
Two atoms that differ only in the number of neutrons they contain are known as
isotopes.
A professional fighter hit in the mental region might have damage to the
jaw
36) The axillary region is ______ to the pectoral region.
lateral
The directional term that means "away from the midline of the body" is
lateral.
When atoms of elements on the left side of the periodic table ionize, they tend to
lose electrons and therefore become cations.
An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has
lost or gained an electron.
Lateral to the umbilical abdominopelvic region are the _____ regions.
lumbar
The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the
mediastinum
15) The various chemical reactions that organisms carry out are collectively called
metabolism.
Water contains two hydrogen atoms bound to one oxygen atom; "H2O" is therefore water's
molecular formula.
Fatty acids consist mainly of carbon and hydrogen, and so fatty acids are
nonpolar and do not dissolve in water
A plane that passes through the structure at an angle is called
oblique.
The anatomic changes that result from disease are studied under
pathologicanatomy.
The moist, two-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is called the
peritoneum.
The mechanism by which the body propels food through the digestive tract is primarily a topic to study for
physiologists
9) The scientific discipline that studies the functions of body structures is
physiology
25) The word _____ implies an imaginary flat surface passing through the body.
plane
If an element from the first column of the periodic table entered into a covalent bond with one from the sixth column, then the bond would be a
polar bond, with the element from the sixth column developing a partial negative charge.
The molecular formula for bicarbonate ion is HCO3-. It is therefore a
polyatomic anion
31) The directional term that means "in back of" or "toward the back surface" is
posterior
38) The popliteal region is best seen from a(n) ________ view.
posterior
With the subject in the anatomic position, one can best see the dorsum of the manus from a(n) ______ view.
posterior
The pleural cavity is the
potential space between the two serous membranes surrounding a lung.
An element's atomic number is determined by the number of __________ in one atom of that element.
protons
30) The directional term that means "closest to the point of attachment to the trunk" is
proximal
The system responsible for the exchange of gases between the blood and atmospheric air is the _____________ system.
respiratory
14) The term that refers to the ability of organisms to react to changes in the environment is
responsiveness.
The normal level at which a physiological variable is maintained is known as its
set point.
The body system that provides support and protection as well as being a site of blood cell production (hemopoiesis) is the ____________ system
skeletal
The three forms of matter are
solids, liquids, and gases
Gross anatomy refers to the study of
structures visible to the unaided eye.
The number of neutrons in an atom can be determined by
subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass
The anatomic term for the calf is
sural.
8) When medical students study all of the structures in a particular area of the body as a unit (for example, all the muscles, blood vessels, and nerves of the leg), that approach is called
systemic anatomy
A double covalent bond involves
the sharing of two pairs of electrons.
"Pollex" refers to the
thumb
42) The primary function of serous fluid is
to serve as a lubricant.
A(n) _______ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.
transverse
When diagramming an atom, the innermost shell is filled with ______ electrons
two
If an ionic compound formed between an element from the first column of the periodic table and another from the sixth column, you would expect the compound to include
two atoms from the first-column element and one atom from the sixth-column element.
The abdominopelvic quadrants are formed by passing one horizontal and one vertical line through the
umbilicus.
35) The bones of the vertebral column form a cavity called the
vertebral canal.
The large surface area of the inside of the small intestine means that this structure is
well adapted for its physiological role in absorbtion
