a&p lab week 2- hw 4&5

This membranous organelle resembles a stack of flattened sacs with bulbous ends and associated vesicles.

Golgi apparatus

________ are tiny finger like projections on some cell surfaces that increase the surface area for absorption of materials.

Microvilli

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is used to remove low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) from the blood. What effect would defective LDL receptors have on a patient's cholesterol levels and overall risk for heart disease?

Patients would have very high LDL levels and a high risk of heart disease.

________ are membranous sacs that detoxify harmful chemicals.

Peroxisomes

A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20% glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of glucose across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will the glucose move, into the sac or out of the sac?

Yes, glucose will move into the sac.

In __________ processes, the cell provides energy in the form of ATP to power the transport process.

active

During ________, the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.

anaphase

The nucleus, plasma membrane and ________ are the three major regions of cells that can readily be seen with a light microscope.

cytoplasm

A passive process, __________ is the movement of solute molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.

diffusion

This organelle digests other worn-out organelles and foreign substances that have entered the cell.

endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes/ribosomal subunits are found ________.

free in the cytoplasm

Red blood cells placed in a hypotonic solution will ________.

gain water and undergo hemolysis

During __________ the cell grows and performs its usual activities.

interphase

A solution surrounding a cell is hypertonic if __________.

it contains more nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of the cell

In this organ, filtration is the important first step in producing urine.

kidney

Red blood cells placed in 5% sodium chloride solution will ________.

lose water and undergo crenation

________ carry out specific functions inside cells, whereas ________ store glycogen, lipids, pigments, and other substances.

organelles, inclusions

________ molecules form the major component of the plasma membrane and are arranged in the form of a bilayer.

phospholipid

During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.

prophase

The plasma membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and keeps undesirable substances out of the cell. It also allows wastes to pass out of the cell and keeps valuable cell proteins inside the cell. This property is called ________.

selective permeability

Only one human cell has a flagellum. This specialization allows the cell to propel itself forward. It is a ________.

sperm cell

Which of the following would require an input of energy?

vesicular transport

The end product of cell division by mitosis is ________.

2 genetically identical daughter cells

T OR F: All animal cells have a cell wall.

F

T OR F: The end product of mitosis is four genetically identical daughter nuclei.

F. 2

Drinking too much plain water in a short period of time can result in water intoxication. As a result, blood plasma will become hypotonic. What effect do you think this would have on blood cells?

Cells may be lysed.

The nucleus of the cell contains its genes, which are sections of ________.

DNA

DNA replication occurs during __________.

Interphase

Does potassium permanganate diffuse more rapidly through water or through agar gel? Why?

It diffuses more rapidly through water, because there are no particles to slow the movement of dye.

In comparing simple diffusion to facilitated diffusion, you note that ________.

both require a concentration gradient

This organelle is particularly important during cell division. It directs the formation of the mitotic spindle.

centriole

When a cell is NOT dividing, the DNA is loosely spread throughout the nucleus in a threadlike form called __________.

chromatin

Which of the following is make up the structures make up the cytoskeleton?

microtubles, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.

Name the rod-shaped organelles that have a double-membrane wall and that oxidize foodstuffs to make ATP.

mitochondria

These small bodies are found inside the nucleus of the cell. Made of proteins and RNA, these structures assemble ribosomes. They are ________.

nucleoli