A&P Quiz Practice

thyroid gland; calcitonin

C cells in the ______ produce what _____

kyphosis

Eighty-year old Mrs. Smith has a bent-over stance with a noticeable hump back. Along with osteoporosis, Mrs. Smith also is afflicted with which condition?

hormone replacement therapy

HTR

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the healing of a bone fracture?

Hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling

anulus fibrosus; nucleus pulposus

In a herniated disc, the ring of fibrocartilage called the __________ ruptures and the __________ oozes out.

spongy bone

In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?

trabeculae.

Interconnecting rods of bone are

How does the integumentary system contribute to osteoporosis?

Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption.

Which is the definition for a greenstick fracture?

Only one side of the bone is broken; the other side is bent.

Connective

Osseous tissue is a(an) ____________ tissue.

endochondral

Ossification that involves replacing cartilage with bone is

Ruffled Borders

Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone reabsorption called

Yellow Bone Marrow

Red bone marrow does not contain __________.

Which of the following does not put women at risk for hypocalcemia?

Removal of the thyroid gland

true

Rib 7 is a __________ rib.

false

Ribs that do not attach directly to the sternum are called _____ ribs.

manufacture blood cells.

Some marrow of long bones is termed "red" marrow. The function of red marrow is to

Why does an adult not have as many bones as a child?

Some separate bones gradually fuse with age.

Lacunae

Spaces in the bone matrix that are occupied by osteocytes are

ischium

Spines of the __________ form a part of the pelvic outlet.

Contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae.

Spongy bone tissue

scapula

The acromion is an anatomical feature of the __________.

femur

The bone that articulates with the acetabulum is the

Compact Bone

The cortex of the long bone's diaphysis is made of _________.

Periosteum

The covering of the outer surface of bone is the

Epiphysis

The expanded head at each end of a long bone is called the __________.

atlas

The first cervical vertebrae is the

Which of the following exemplifies a positive feedback process happening in bone mineral deposition?

The first few crystals that form attract more calcium and phosphate.

humerus articulates with the scapula.

The glenoid cavity is where the

scapula; humerus

The glenoid cavity of the __________ articulates with the head of the __________.

symphysis pubis

The junction of two pubic bones is the

osteoporosis

The most common bone disease is __________.

elbow

The olecranon process of the ulna is commonly known as the

vertebral foramen.

The opening in vertebrae for the spinal cord is the

osteoclasts; osteocytes

The plasma membrane of __________ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings, whereas __________ have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic processes.

resorption

The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as _________.

lacunae; osteocytes

The spaces found within the concentric lamellae are called __________, and they contain __________.

Collagen

What do osteoblast secrete?

acid phosphatase enzyme or proteolytic enzyme

What do osteoclast use to dissolve the osteoid during bone resorption

articular cartilage

What type of tissue covers the ends of long bones?

Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?

When blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity increases.

The one between L4 and L5

Which intervertebral disc is largest?

storage of red blood cells

Which of the following is not a function of the skeleton?

fibula

Which of the following is not considered a weight-bearing bone?

It has a pair of transverse foramina.

Which of the following is not true of a thoracic vertebra?

a small pelvic outlet

Which of the following situations could interfere with normal child birth?

Both the greater and lesser trochanters are attachment sites for muscles.

Which of the following statements about the femur is TRUE?

transitional epithelium

Which of the following tissues is not found as part of a long bone?

around the central canal of an osteon.

You would look for concentric lamellae

tibia; talus

__ bone articulates with fetus on the proximal end and ____ on the distal end

osteoclasts; hydrochloric acid

_________ dissolves bones and uses __________ to help dissolve bone minerals

The process of bone repair includes these steps: a: Fracture hematoma forms b: Bone is remodeled c: Fibrocartilaginous callus forms d: Bony callus forms The correct chronological order for these steps is

a - c - d - b

12 true rubs and 8 false ribs

a patient had his left ribs 6,7,8 and 9 ribs removed. how many total ribs can you count in his skeleton

The skull consists of _____ cranial bones and _____ facial bones.

8, 14

humerus

A dislocated shoulder involves separation of the __________ from the scapula.

ulna.

A styloid process is found on the

Osteoclast activity would decrease when ________ levels are elevated.

calcitonin

What chemical causes a decrease in the blood calcium level?

calcitonin

true

calcitonin will active osteoblast to put blood back into the bone

vitamin D; increases blood calcium

calcitriol is what vitamin and doe what?

osseous

calcium is stored in the ______ tissue

hypocalcemia, blood calcium being below 10mg/100mL

carpopedal syndrome is a sign of

A __________ fracture is one in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces.

comminuted

A rounded knob that articulates with another bone is called a(n) __________.

condyle

includes the tibia and fibula and extends from knee to ankle

crural region

widow's hump or kyphosis

deformed spine in osteoporosis is called

yellow bone marrow

energy is stored in

Which of the bones below does not belong to the appendicular skeleton?

ethmoid

Which of the following bones is a single unpaired bone?

ethmoid

Closed reduction is the surgical realignment of the parts of a broken bone.

false

includes the femur and extends from hip to knee

femoral region

4

how many coccygeal vertebral bones are there in a 28 year old female

fibula

lateral bone in the leg

The sagittal suture joins the

left and right parietal bones.

tibia

medial bone in the leg

The basin in the floor of the cranium that accommodates the temporal lobe of the brain is the

middle cranial fossa

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

osteoblast and osteoclast activity

When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?

osteoclasts

women, because of the lack of estrogen

osteoporosis is more common in

bone mass

osteoporosis is the loss of

Osteoclast activity is increased by

parathyroid hormone.

Blood Ca2+ deficiency stimulates __________ secretion, which leads to __________.

parathyroid hormone; increased osteoclast activity

intramembranous ossification

parietal bone is formed via(FLAT BONE)

you're foot

pedal region

sacrum and coxal bone-ilium, pubis, ischium

pelvic gridle

The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as _________.

resorption

osteomalacia

rickets is to children as _________ is to adults

All the bones below belong to the axial skeleton, except the __________, which belongs to the appendicular skeleton.

scapula

The growth spurt seen in puberty is triggered by

sex hormones

Most of the bones of the skull are connected by immovable joints called __________.

sutures

your ankle

tarsal region

this is when your muscles contract and does not relax

tetany

condyle

the medial and lateral ________ of the tibia articulate with the femur

osteoclasts

to increase the blood calcium, what do you need?

Osteoporosis often leads to an exaggerated thoracic spinal curvature, which is called kyphosis.

true

What chemical ingested or synthesized by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?

vitamin d

Which is not a cranial bone?

vomer

going outside and receiving sunlight and it goes through the skin and goes to the liver.

we synthesize vitamin d(calcitriol) by

calcitonin

what decrease blood calcium?

Dissolve bone to bring calcium to the blood and when you do this you use osteoclast

what does parathyroid do?

vitamin d increases absorption and

what does vitamin d do in your bones?

calcitriol, calcitonin, and PTH

what helps maintain normal blood calcium concentration?

calcitriol and parathyroid hormone

what increases blood calcium?

10 mg/dL

what is the normal blood calcium level

acid phosphatase enzyme

when you dissolve organic material, you use what?

estrogen normally prevents bone loss and inhibits osteoclasts

why is osteoporosis common in post-menopausal women?

it causes hypocalcemia

why patients with low blood calcium should NOT be taking the drug Boniva?

Which of the following articulates with the vertebral column?

Occipital condyle

The average number of bones in the adult skeleton is __________.

206

C2

Marilyn has been diagnosed with a fractured dens or odontoid process. Which specific bone is affected?

True

Most blood cells are produced in the red marrow of bones.