A&P Quiz Practice
thyroid gland; calcitonin
C cells in the ______ produce what _____
kyphosis
Eighty-year old Mrs. Smith has a bent-over stance with a noticeable hump back. Along with osteoporosis, Mrs. Smith also is afflicted with which condition?
hormone replacement therapy
HTR
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the healing of a bone fracture?
Hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling
anulus fibrosus; nucleus pulposus
In a herniated disc, the ring of fibrocartilage called the __________ ruptures and the __________ oozes out.
spongy bone
In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?
trabeculae.
Interconnecting rods of bone are
How does the integumentary system contribute to osteoporosis?
Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption.
Which is the definition for a greenstick fracture?
Only one side of the bone is broken; the other side is bent.
Connective
Osseous tissue is a(an) ____________ tissue.
endochondral
Ossification that involves replacing cartilage with bone is
Ruffled Borders
Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone reabsorption called
Yellow Bone Marrow
Red bone marrow does not contain __________.
Which of the following does not put women at risk for hypocalcemia?
Removal of the thyroid gland
true
Rib 7 is a __________ rib.
false
Ribs that do not attach directly to the sternum are called _____ ribs.
manufacture blood cells.
Some marrow of long bones is termed "red" marrow. The function of red marrow is to
Why does an adult not have as many bones as a child?
Some separate bones gradually fuse with age.
Lacunae
Spaces in the bone matrix that are occupied by osteocytes are
ischium
Spines of the __________ form a part of the pelvic outlet.
Contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae.
Spongy bone tissue
scapula
The acromion is an anatomical feature of the __________.
femur
The bone that articulates with the acetabulum is the
Compact Bone
The cortex of the long bone's diaphysis is made of _________.
Periosteum
The covering of the outer surface of bone is the
Epiphysis
The expanded head at each end of a long bone is called the __________.
atlas
The first cervical vertebrae is the
Which of the following exemplifies a positive feedback process happening in bone mineral deposition?
The first few crystals that form attract more calcium and phosphate.
humerus articulates with the scapula.
The glenoid cavity is where the
scapula; humerus
The glenoid cavity of the __________ articulates with the head of the __________.
symphysis pubis
The junction of two pubic bones is the
osteoporosis
The most common bone disease is __________.
elbow
The olecranon process of the ulna is commonly known as the
vertebral foramen.
The opening in vertebrae for the spinal cord is the
osteoclasts; osteocytes
The plasma membrane of __________ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings, whereas __________ have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic processes.
resorption
The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as _________.
lacunae; osteocytes
The spaces found within the concentric lamellae are called __________, and they contain __________.
Collagen
What do osteoblast secrete?
acid phosphatase enzyme or proteolytic enzyme
What do osteoclast use to dissolve the osteoid during bone resorption
articular cartilage
What type of tissue covers the ends of long bones?
Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?
When blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity increases.
The one between L4 and L5
Which intervertebral disc is largest?
storage of red blood cells
Which of the following is not a function of the skeleton?
fibula
Which of the following is not considered a weight-bearing bone?
It has a pair of transverse foramina.
Which of the following is not true of a thoracic vertebra?
a small pelvic outlet
Which of the following situations could interfere with normal child birth?
Both the greater and lesser trochanters are attachment sites for muscles.
Which of the following statements about the femur is TRUE?
transitional epithelium
Which of the following tissues is not found as part of a long bone?
around the central canal of an osteon.
You would look for concentric lamellae
tibia; talus
__ bone articulates with fetus on the proximal end and ____ on the distal end
osteoclasts; hydrochloric acid
_________ dissolves bones and uses __________ to help dissolve bone minerals
The process of bone repair includes these steps: a: Fracture hematoma forms b: Bone is remodeled c: Fibrocartilaginous callus forms d: Bony callus forms The correct chronological order for these steps is
a - c - d - b
12 true rubs and 8 false ribs
a patient had his left ribs 6,7,8 and 9 ribs removed. how many total ribs can you count in his skeleton
The skull consists of _____ cranial bones and _____ facial bones.
8, 14
humerus
A dislocated shoulder involves separation of the __________ from the scapula.
ulna.
A styloid process is found on the
Osteoclast activity would decrease when ________ levels are elevated.
calcitonin
What chemical causes a decrease in the blood calcium level?
calcitonin
true
calcitonin will active osteoblast to put blood back into the bone
vitamin D; increases blood calcium
calcitriol is what vitamin and doe what?
osseous
calcium is stored in the ______ tissue
hypocalcemia, blood calcium being below 10mg/100mL
carpopedal syndrome is a sign of
A __________ fracture is one in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces.
comminuted
A rounded knob that articulates with another bone is called a(n) __________.
condyle
includes the tibia and fibula and extends from knee to ankle
crural region
widow's hump or kyphosis
deformed spine in osteoporosis is called
yellow bone marrow
energy is stored in
Which of the bones below does not belong to the appendicular skeleton?
ethmoid
Which of the following bones is a single unpaired bone?
ethmoid
Closed reduction is the surgical realignment of the parts of a broken bone.
false
includes the femur and extends from hip to knee
femoral region
4
how many coccygeal vertebral bones are there in a 28 year old female
fibula
lateral bone in the leg
The sagittal suture joins the
left and right parietal bones.
tibia
medial bone in the leg
The basin in the floor of the cranium that accommodates the temporal lobe of the brain is the
middle cranial fossa
The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of
osteoblast and osteoclast activity
When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?
osteoclasts
women, because of the lack of estrogen
osteoporosis is more common in
bone mass
osteoporosis is the loss of
Osteoclast activity is increased by
parathyroid hormone.
Blood Ca2+ deficiency stimulates __________ secretion, which leads to __________.
parathyroid hormone; increased osteoclast activity
intramembranous ossification
parietal bone is formed via(FLAT BONE)
you're foot
pedal region
sacrum and coxal bone-ilium, pubis, ischium
pelvic gridle
The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as _________.
resorption
osteomalacia
rickets is to children as _________ is to adults
All the bones below belong to the axial skeleton, except the __________, which belongs to the appendicular skeleton.
scapula
The growth spurt seen in puberty is triggered by
sex hormones
Most of the bones of the skull are connected by immovable joints called __________.
sutures
your ankle
tarsal region
this is when your muscles contract and does not relax
tetany
condyle
the medial and lateral ________ of the tibia articulate with the femur
osteoclasts
to increase the blood calcium, what do you need?
Osteoporosis often leads to an exaggerated thoracic spinal curvature, which is called kyphosis.
true
What chemical ingested or synthesized by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?
vitamin d
Which is not a cranial bone?
vomer
going outside and receiving sunlight and it goes through the skin and goes to the liver.
we synthesize vitamin d(calcitriol) by
calcitonin
what decrease blood calcium?
Dissolve bone to bring calcium to the blood and when you do this you use osteoclast
what does parathyroid do?
vitamin d increases absorption and
what does vitamin d do in your bones?
calcitriol, calcitonin, and PTH
what helps maintain normal blood calcium concentration?
calcitriol and parathyroid hormone
what increases blood calcium?
10 mg/dL
what is the normal blood calcium level
acid phosphatase enzyme
when you dissolve organic material, you use what?
estrogen normally prevents bone loss and inhibits osteoclasts
why is osteoporosis common in post-menopausal women?
it causes hypocalcemia
why patients with low blood calcium should NOT be taking the drug Boniva?
Which of the following articulates with the vertebral column?
Occipital condyle
The average number of bones in the adult skeleton is __________.
206
C2
Marilyn has been diagnosed with a fractured dens or odontoid process. Which specific bone is affected?
True
Most blood cells are produced in the red marrow of bones.