Abnormal Psych 7

In the massive anti-smoking campaign in China in 1989, the results indicated that ____ percent of the 10,000 fathers in the intervention group quit smoking for at least six months in comparison to a control group of 10,000 in which only ______ percent quit smoking

12; 0.2

As an example of a behavioral pattern that leads to illness and death, smoking has been estimated to cause approximately _____ of all deaths.

19%

several studies have found that biofeedback techniques can reduce headache and up to __% of the patients undergoing this therapy

63

Which of the following people would be least at risk for hypertension

Abhi, who has a warm and stable relationship with an extensive family and a network of friends

The type of pain that typically follows an injury and disappears once the injury heels or as effectively treated is called

Acute pain

Which of the following statements is true regarding hypertension in the United States

African Americans are more likely to develop hypertension and have hypertensive vascular disease is in Caucasians

Because of the revolution in public health that eliminated mini infectious diseases and control them anymore, today some of the major contributing factors to illness and death in the United States are

Behavioral and psychological

Which of the following factors are university implicated in the cause of all disorders

Biological, psychological, and social

A controlled research study investigating the effects of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome resulted in improvement in

Both A and B

Which is an accurate statement regarding injury prevention programs for children

Children who participated in safety skills programs remembered what they had learned even after the programs were over.

Whether or not stress and/or anxiety develop in a stressful situation appears to be related to his perceived sense of

Control

Endogenous opioids have been implicated in a variety of psych pathological conditions, including

Eating disorders

One of the most successful efforts to reduce risk factors for a medical condition involved three entire communities in California in which residence receive different types of interventions or no intervention at all. The targeted condition in this effort was

Heart disease

Psychosocial intervention such a stress reduction techniques for chronically ill individuals I thought to affect the disease process via the immune system by

Helping patients reduce depression, thus reducing cortisol

Which of the following is an example of the phenomenon known as operant control of pain behavior

Kate's family has always been critical and demanding. Since her accident, though, family members have become caring and sympathetic.

which of the following would not be classified as an antigen

Killer T cells

The treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome developed by Michael sharp includes all of the following except

Medication

Dominant baboons were found to have better physical health than subordinate ones because they had

More predictability and controllability.

Kara and Karl have recently learned that they are HIV positive. According to research studies involving people who are HIV positive, what is most likely to occur?

Neither Karl nor Kara is likely to change any of their previous behaviors

Which of the following is not one of the three most common behaviors that put us at risk for physical disorders

Not having an active sex life

Stress may negatively affect the immune system by promoting the deadly progression of the disease aids. This is an example of

Physiological factors influencing biological processes

Herbert Benson developed a brief procedure he called

Relaxation response

A sense of control and confidence that we can cope with stress or challenges is called

Self-efficacy

Hypertension contributes to many fatal diseases and has been called the ________because there are few -if any- symptoms and most people don't know they have it

Silent killer

AIDS is now treated with a new combination of drugs called highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), which

Suppress the virus in people who are HIV positive

The immune system is weakened in AIDS patients because the Human immunodeficiency virus directly or text lymphocytes called

T4 (helper) cells

Your textbook reports on a behavioral change program to address the high rate of smoking in China. This is an important study for several reasons, including the fact that

The number of people who smoke in China approximates the entire population of the United States

When Hans Selye injected laboratory rats with saline (salty water), what happened to the rats?

They developed ulcers, because stress directly affected their physiology.

which is a type of circumstance in which women put themselves at risk for HIV/AIDS infection differently from men

Turning to prostitution in response to economic deprivation

which of the following does not describe an effective psychosocial intervention that has been reported in oncology research studies

Use of psychoanalytic techniques that reduced the growth rate of tumors

A predictor of which patients will suffer from chronic pain is

a profile of negative emotions

All of the following are psychosocial treatments that have been developed for physical disorders and pain except

acupuncture

A new medical specialty called psychoneuroimmunology reflects the relationship among

all of these

Although the improvement is only moderate, relaxation techniques have been shown to have a positive effect on

all of these

Regarding gender differences in the experience of pain, women suffer more frequently than men from all of the following except

backache

Knowledge derived from the behavioral sciences applied to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of medical problems is called

behavioral medicine

Brief psychosocial treatments aimed at reducing stress while increasing coping and control leads to improved immune system and prolonged life in:

both cancer and HIV/AIDS patients

in which of the following ways do psychological and social factors influence health

both of these are correct

In regard to the condition termed "chronic pain," most researchers now agree that the causes of chronic pain and resulting high costs to our healthcare system are primarily

both psychological and social

According to consensus research, in which direction do pain signals travel to contribute to the experience of pain?

both up and down

Research has shown that increased levels of cortisol in response to stress may cause damage to parts of the

brain

Since heart disease is the number one cause of death in the United States, it is very important, in terms of prevention, to determine if

changes in behavior, lifestyle, and attitude can prevent heart attacks

The only effective prevention strategy currently available for reducing the spread of AIDS appears to be

changing high-risk behavior

Which of the following is not an example of the complex interaction a physical and psychological factors in the experience of pain

delusional pain

Research findings have suggested that it might not be the Stressful event itself that affects immune system functioning but rather the accompanying

depression

in response to sustained stress, the body goes through several stages that together constitute the general adaptation syndrome GAS, a concept proposed by researcher Hans Seyle. This GAS consists of all of the following stages except

deterioration

Physiological functions that are a focus of biofeedback procedures include all of the following except

digestive functioning

The Type B behavior pattern describes a person who

do not have type A attributes

All of the following are part of the HPA axis except

hippocampus

Mr. Vagus is participating in a clinical research study that is investigating psychological factors that may influence the development of heart disease. When he is instructed to imagine a situation in which he was very angry, the sensors monitoring his heart reveal that

his heart is pumping less efficiently

All of the following are effects of chronic secretion of cortisol except

increased testosterone

Using the word psychosomatic to describe a disorder with an obvious physical component is considered misleading because

it gives the impression that psychological disorders like anxiety or depression do not have a biological component

Various psychological factors have been used to explain individual variations and blood pressure, including all of the following except

level of intelligence

Continuous secretion of the stress hormone cortisol by the adrenal glands can lead to all of the following except

low blood pressure in the cardiovascular system

A decrease in the activity of stress hormones and certain neurotransmitters appears to occur during

meditation

Which of the following is the correct match of medical conditions and definition

myocardial infarction - Death of heart issue due to a completely clogged artery

Gregor just learned that his spouse of 28 years has died in an automobile accident. Upon hearing the news, Gregor collapsed and was rushed to the hospital in apparent heart failure. Gregor probably suffered

myocardial stunning

In 1989, health professionals in China began a massive antismoking effort in several cities that involved children whose fathers smoked. As part of this effort, all of the following are accurate statements EXCEPT

photos of the fathers who continued smoking were published in the school newspapers

The procedure known as biofeedback involves a process by which a person is first helped to become aware of his/her

physiological functions

Research has shown that excessive secretion of the stress hormone cortisol can result in cell death in the hippocampal region of the brain in cases of

posttraumatic stress disorder

All of the following situations have been associated with lowered immune system functioning except

pregnancy

Recent clinical studies indicate that it is a good pain relieving strategy to use biofeedback in conjunction with

relaxation procedures

Recent clinical studies indicate that it is a good pain relieving strategy to use biofeedback in conjunction with:

relaxation procedures

The shift and focus from infectious disease to psychological factors has been called the

second revolution in public health.

The final process in the activation of the HPA axis is

secretion of cortisol by the adrenal gland

The "natural" opioids called endorphins or enkephalins act like neurotransmitters to

shut down the sensation of pain

Which of the following statements is true? 50% of deaths from the 10 leading causes of death in the United States can be traced to communicable diseases

smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States

In the phenomenon known as operant control of pain, the pain behaviors manifested by an individual are determined by

social consequences

Sapolsky and colleagues found that physical health and wild baboons was associated with

social rank

According to the textbook, the physiological response of an individual to a stressor is called

stress

In 1936 Canadian researcher Hans Selye discovered that giving injections to laboratory rats caused them to develop ulcers. His finding led to a new area of study called

stress physiology

CVAs are more commonly known as

strokes

All of the following are examples of pain behaviors except

suffering in silence

Your textbook reports on a behavioral change program to address the high rate of smoking in China. This was an important study for several reasons including the fact that

the number of people who smoke in China equals the entire population of the United States

In a stressful events record, clients and a pain management program are asked to record

thoughts that occur during stress as well as somatic symptoms

In biofeedback procedures, clinicians use physiological monitoring equipment to make the responses ________ to the patient.

visible and/or audible