Acids and Bases
What are Lewis Acids?
Electron pair acceptor
What are Lewis Bases?
Electron pair donor
What are examples of corrosive acids?
Fabric, skin, and paper
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with hydrobromic acid?
HBr
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? Li[OH] + HBr → H₂O + LiBr
HBr
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with hydrocyanic acid?
HCN
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? CH₃NH₂ + HCOOH →CH₃NH₃ + COOH⁻
HCOOH
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? HCl + H₂PO₄ → Cl⁻ + H₃PO₄
HCl
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? HCl + NH₃ → NH₄⁺ + Cl⁻
HCl
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? Na₂[CO₃] + HCl → NaCl + H₂[CO₃]
HCl
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with chlorous acid?
HClO₂
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with chloric acid?
HClO₃
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with hydrochloric acid?
HClO₃
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with acetic acid?
HC₂H₃O₂
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? HF + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + F⁻
HF
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with permanganic acid?
HMnO₄
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? HNO₂ +NaBrO → HBrO + NaNO₂
HNO₂
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? HNO₃ + Fe[OH]₃ → Fe[NO₃]₃ + H₂O
HNO₃
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with hydrohydroxic acid?
HOH = H₂O
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with hydrophosphoric acid?
HP
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? H[C₂H₃O₂] + Na[OH] → Na[C₂H₃O₂] + H₂O
H[C₂H₃O₂]
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? Na[HCO₃] + H[OH] → H₂CO₃ + Na[OH]
H[OH]
What is the name for acids whose anions end in -ide?
Hydro (anion name) ic Acid
What is the acid name of Bromide?
Hydrobromic Acid (HBr)
What is the acid name of chloride?
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
What is the acid name of Cyanide?
Hydrocyanic Acid (HCN)
What is the acid name of hypochlorite?
Hypochlorous Acid (H[ClO])
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with carbonic acid?
H₂CO₃
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with dichromic acid?
H₂Cr₂O₇
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with oxalic acid?
H₂C₂O₄
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? C₅H₅N + H₂O → [C₅H₅NH]⁺ + OH⁻
H₂O
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? HPO₄²⁻ (aq) + H₂O (l) → H₂PO₄⁻ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq)
H₂O
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? NH₃ + H₂O → NH₄⁺ +OH⁻
H₂O
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? Na + H₂O → Na[OH] + H₂
H₂O
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? NaNH₂ + H₂O → NH₃ + Na[OH]
H₂O
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? H₂O + H₂S → S²⁻ + H₂O⁺
H₂S
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with sulfurous acid?
H₂SO₃
Which of the following would be acids, according to the Arrenhius defintion? H₂[SO₄] Na₂[CO₃] AlCl₃ H[ClO₂] H₃[PO₄] HF H[C₂H₃O₂] BF₃ NaH ZnCl₂
H₂[SO₄], H[ClO₂], H₃[PO₄], HF, H[C₂H₃O₂]
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? H₃O⁺ + OH⁻ → H₂O + H₂O
H₃O⁺
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with phosphorous acid?
H₃PO₃
What is the formula when you combine hydrogen with phosphoric acid?
H₃PO₄
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? Li[OH] + H₃[PO₄] → H₂O + Li₃[PO₄]
H₃[PO₄]
K + HCl →
KCl₂ + H₂
Which one (s) would be acidic, based on taste alone? -Lemon juice -Cough syrup -Water -Coffee -Tea -Root Beer -Dark Chocolate -Kiwi -Vinegar -Broccoli
Lemon juice, kiwi, vinegar
Li + HF →
LiF + H₂
Mg + HCl →
MgCl₂ + H₂
The ______ H+ ions, the _______ acidic the solution. a) more, less b) less, more c) more, more d) less, less
More, more
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? NH₄Cl + H₂O → Na[OH] + H₂
NH₄Cl
Which is the acid using the Brønsted-Lowry definition? NH₄⁺ + H₂O → H₃O⁺ NH⁺
NH₄⁺
Na + HCl→
NaCl + H₂
A solution with a pH of 7 is: a) Very basic b) Very acidic c) Neutral d) None of the above
Neutral
What is the acid name of nitrate?
Nitric Acid (H[NO₃])
What is the Brønsted-Lowry definition of bases?
Proton acceptor
What is the Brønsted-Lowry defintion of an Acid?
Proton donor
What color does bases turn lithmus papers? a) Red to Blue b) Blue to Yellow c) Yellow to Green d) Blue to Red
Red to Blue
How do bases feel?
Slippery
What are examples of bases?
Soaps, ammonia, and many other cleaning products; chalk, oven cleaner, and blood; dirt and grease
What is a problem with the Arrhenius definition of bases?
Some bases don't have hydroxide ions
What is the taste of acids?
Sour
The conjugate of a weak acid is a _____ ______. a) Strong base b) Strong acid c) Weak acid d) Weak base
Strong base
The OH⁻ ions interact ______ and certain substances.
Strongly
What is the acid name of sulfate?
Sulfuric Acid (H₂[SO₄])
Many acids react strongly with metals __________.
To make H₂ gas
What is the pH of pure water?
pH of 7
What is the name for acids whose anions end in -ate?
(anion name) ic Acid
What is the name for acids whose anions end in -ite?
(anion name) ous Acid
When the anion is phosphorous what is added to the name?
-Or
When the anion is sulfur what is added to the name?
-Ur
What does the pH scale range from?
0 to 14
What is a proton?
A hydrogen atom that has lost its electron.
What is pH?
A measure of how acidic a solution is.
What is neutralization?
A reaction between an acid and a base
What is an Acid?
A solution that has an excess of H+ ions.
What is a base?
A solution that has an excess of OH⁻ ions.
What is the acid name of acetate?
Acetic Acid (H[C₂H₃O₂])
A solution with a pH over 7 are the opposite of: a) Acidic b) Basic c) Neutral d) None of the above
Acidic
Ag + HF →
AgF + H₂
Al + Hf→
AlF₃ + H₂
Bases are often represented by what on the periodic table?
Alkali
What combines to form salt and water?
Arrhenius Acids and Bases
_______ are substances that can accept hydrogen ions.
Bases
Acidic solutions have pH values: a) Above 7 b) Below 7 c) Above 4 d) Below 4
Below 7
How do bases taste?
Bitter
What color does acids turn lithmus papers? a) Red to Blue b) Blue to Yellow c) Yellow to Green d) Blue to Red
Blue to Red
What is the acid name of bromite?
Bromous Acid (H[BrO₂])
Ca + HCl →
CaCl₂ + H₂
Acids are __________, which means they break down certain substances.
Corrosive
The individual starting solutions in an acid-base reactions are. . .
Not as acidic or basic
What is the acid name of phosphite?
Phosphorous Acid (H₃[PO₃])
What is the Arrhienus definition of an Acid?
Produce H⁺ ions (or hydronium ions H₃O⁺)
What is the Arrhenius defintion of bases?
Produce OH⁻ ions
A solution with a pH of 0 is: a) Very basic b) Very acidic c) Neutral d) None of the above
Very acidic
What are examples of acids?
Vinegar, citrus fruit and sour candies, vitamin c, car batteries
H⁺(H₃O⁺) produce. . .
Water
The conjugate of a strong acid is a _____ ______. a) Strong base b) Strong acid c) Weak acid d) Weak base
Weak base
Are bases Corrosive?
Yes
Can bases conduct electricity?
Yes
Do Arrhenius acids completely dissociate?
Yes
Do acids conduct electricity?
Yes
Zn + HF →
ZnF₂ + H₂