AEMT AAOS Ch 7

Which of the following is NOT a form of liquid drug?

Capsule

A severely injured patient has lost approximately 750 mL of blood. What is the appropriate volume of crystalloid solution to administer to the patient?

2250 mL

Medical control has ordered you to start an IV on a dehydrated patient and administer normal saline at a rate of 200 mL/hr. Using macrodrip (10 gtts/mL) tubing and an 18-gauge catheter, how many drops per minute will you set the flow rate at?

33

You receive an order from medical control to start an IV of lactated ringers and administer 150 mL/hr. Using macrodrip (15 gtts/mL) tubing, how many drops per minute will you set the flow rate at?

38

You have set an IV to deliver 250 mL of normal saline over three hours using microdrip tubing. How much fluid are you delivering every 30 minutes?

42 mL

Which of the following represents the official name for aspirin?

Acetylsalicylic acid, USP

Which of the following is a Schedule II substance?

Demerol

Compounds or charges concentrated on one side of a cell membrane will move across it to an area of lower concentration to maintain balance on both sides of the cell wall. This process is called:

Diffusion

Which of the following drugs dissolves a thrombus and prevents it from entering the bloodstream?

Fibrinolytic

A 70-year-old female presents with generalized muscle weakness; lethargy; and hot, flushed skin. Which of the following electrolyte disturbances should you suspect?

Hypercalcemia

What is the MOST significant drawback to cannulating a scalp vein in a child with a butterfly catheter?

It does not allow for rapid fluid administration

Filtration, a type of diffusion, is commonly used to clean the blood via the:

Kidneys

The function of a drug or the particular action of a drug on an organism is called:

Mechanism of action

Which of the following physiologic responses would you expect to occur following administration of a drug that possesses alpha-1 (α1) properties?

Peripheral vasoconstriction

What is the term used to describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a drug?

Pharmacokinetics

How does lactated ringers solution help combat intracellular acidosis associated with severe blood loss?

The lactate is metabolized by the liver to form bicarbonate

If used in pediatric patients, butterfly catheters are commonly placed in the:

Veins of the scalp

An important neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic nervous system is:

acetylcholine.

Factors that alter a patient's response to a drug include:

body mass and psychologic factors

A 52-year-old man complains of chest pressure. He is diaphoretic and has a blood pressure of 110/90 mm Hg. He has a prescription for nitroglycerin (NTG), but has not taken any. After administering oxygen to the patient you should:

contact medical control for permission to administer the NTG

When replacing lost volume with crystalloids, it is important to remember that:

crystalloids do not have the capacity of carrying oxygen.

Your patient is a 56-year-old man with chest pain. Medical control orders you to assist the patient with his prescribed nitroglycerin. The patient later tells you that the palms of his hands itch. His vital signs, however, remain stable. This peculiar effect of the drug is referred to as a/an:

idiosyncratic reaction

The purpose of a constricting band when starting an IV is to:

increase venous pressure at the puncture site.

Reconstituting a drug, such as glucagon, involves:

injecting liquid from one vial into another vial that already contains powder.

__________ fluid accounts for approximately 16% of the body's total weight.

interstitial

When choosing an IV site on an elderly patient, you should:

know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation.

You have attempted to cannulate a vein in a patient's hand; however, shortly after inserting the IV catheter, the vein infiltrates. You should:

look for a vein that is proximal to the infiltrated vein.

The Narcotic Control Act of 1956:

made the possession of heroin illegal and outlawed the acquisition and transportation of marijuana.

Bioavailability is defined as the:

rate and extent to which an active drug enters the general circulation.

Nitroglycerin relaxes vascular smooth muscle, dilates the coronary arteries, and relieves cardiac chest pain. These properties of nitroglycerin are called:

therapeutic effects.