AEMT Pathophysiology 3

In general, a child's immune system is not fully developed until he or she is between:

2 and 3 years of age.

A person who ingests an excessive amount of salicylate would MOST likely experience:

A fall in pH

What type of tissue lines the intestines, blood vessels, and bronchiole tubes?

Epithelial

The study of the functioning of an organism in the presence of disease is called:

Pathophysiology

Which of the following is an example of homeostatic failure?

Salt and water retention and a blood pressure of 170/98 mm Hg

Acid-base balance normally remains in a physiologic pH range of:

7.35-7.45

An inflammatory condition of the respiratory system that results in intermittent wheezing and excess mucus production is called:

Asthma

Which of the following statements regarding basophils is correct?

Basophils release histamine and other chemicals that dilate blood vessels.

Which of the following statements regarding connective tissue is MOST correct?

Connective tissue binds other types of tissue together.

Orthostatic hypotension and oliguria are common manifestations of:

Dehydration

Which of the following disease processes would MOST likely cause delayed or dysfunctional wound healing?

Diabetes

Unlike basophils, mast cells:

Do not circulate in the blood

All of the following diseases are autoimmune diseases, EXCEPT:

HIV infection

B lymphocytes produce antibodies when they are activated by:

Helper T cells

When comparing two solutions, the solution that has a higher solute concentration and a higher osmotic pressure is referred to as a(n) __________ solution.

Hypertonic

Enlargement of the left ventricle due to chronically elevated blood pressure is called:

Hypertrophy

Syncope is probably NOT caused by a life-threatening dysrhythmia if it occurs:

In a person whose cousin has syncope

All of the following factors would cause potassium to shift into the cell, EXCEPT:

Increased vagal tone

Allergies are acquired following:

Initial exposure to an allergen

Approximately 45% of a person's body weight is:

Intracellular fluid

Red bone marrow is essential for the formation of:

Mature blood cells

A loss of normal sympathetic nervous system tone causes:

Neurogenic shock

Apoptosis is defined as:

Normal cell death

Which of the following represents an abnormal electrolyte serum level?

Potassium, 6 mEq/L

In the presence of infection, white blood cells release endogenous chemicals called _________, which produce fever.

Pyrogens

Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is:

Striated and involuntary

Strength of a person's peripheral pulses is related to:

Stroke volume and pulse pressure

Gout is a condition in which:

Uric acid accumulates in the blood

Infectious cellular injury would LEAST likely occur in a patient:

With migraine headaches

Homeostasis is MOST accurately defined as:

a constant effort to preserve a degree of stability or equilibrium.

An endogenous ligand is:

a molecule that is produced by the body and binds to a receptor.

A patient with chronic renal insufficiency who has been taking laxatives and presents with confusion, muscle weakness, and decreased deep tendon reflexes MOST likely has:

an increased serum level of magnesium.

Wounds that heal by primary intention:

are generally clean wounds with opposed margins.

Severe, prolonged stress:

causes the body to lose its ability to fight disease.

Unlike bacteria, viruses:

do not produce exotoxins or endotoxins.

If an Rh-negative person receives Rh-positive blood:

hemolysis and anemia can result.

A patient who overdosed on heroin and is unconscious with slow, shallow respirations would MOST likely experience:

increased CO2 retention.

Slow-reacting substances of anaphylaxis are also known as:

leukotrienes

Early manifestations of Alzheimer's disease include:

memory loss and subtle personality changes.

Type O blood contains:

neither A nor B antigens but contains both A and B plasma antibodies.

The induction phase of the immune response begins when:

part of the immune system recognizes an antigen.

Unlike endocrine hormones, exocrine hormones:

reach their targets via a specific duct that opens into an organ.

When nerve cells and cardiac myocytes are injured:

scar tissue forms because these cells cannot be replaced

When blood osmolarity increases:

the pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which stimulates the kidneys to resorb water and decrease the blood's osmolarity.

Dehydration is generally a more serious concern in older adults than in younger adults because:

total body water constitutes only 45% of body weight in older adults.

An organ is composed of:

various types of tissues.

Muscular dystrophy is characterized by:

weakness and wasting of groups of skeletal muscles, leading to increasing disability.