Africa Review Chapter 3

How do climates differ across Africa?

-Deserts to Savanna to Rain Forests (different temp for each relative location) -Amount of rainfall -Elevation/ in the Tropics

What is the Kingdom of Axum?

-This kingdom was forming in the south of Africa, before the Kush kingdom died -in 350 A.D. King Ezana conquered Kush -the king converted to Christianity

What are the major features of African climate patterns on wet and dry seasons?

-season vary north and south of the equator -when the south area experiences rainfall (Wet Season) the north area experiences a dry season vise versa -the farther you travel north or south from the equator, the shorter rainy period and longer the dry season is -rainfall varies from year to year causing problems to farmers and herders

What was the religion and government like for the Egyptians?

-they were polytheistic -they believed that different gods controlled the forces of nature -the pharaohs were considered as a god descended from Amon-Re -Pharaohs had total power over the people -the nobles and priests helped run the government

What is African's relative location in the world?

Africa is spread out on the equator both north and south of the equatorial line, and borders two major oceans- Atlantic and Indian Ocean.Also near the northern part of Africa lies the Mediterranean and Red Sea

What were some achievements of early African civilizations?

Egyptians: -hieroglyphics -356-day calendar -learned about the human body -land survey

Cataract

Large Waterfall

What natural resources are important to African Nations?

Minerals, metal, fertile soil, gold,

How have land forms influenced movement across Africa?

Plateaus- are elevated land and contains steep cliffs plus when there is a river flowing from the plateau it creates cataracts The cataracts in the way European explorers found it difficult to explorer the continent during their exhibition. Great Rift Valleys- runs through the eastern part of the continent, the valleys are actually mountains and valleys, mining and transportation are difficult, and the high mountains and deep valleys are dangerous and costly for building roads and railroads.

In the tropical part of Africa there're many disease carrying insects. What are some of the disease?

Sleeping Disease: caused by the tsetse fly, infects both humans and livestock Blindness- this disease causes people to lose their sight Bilharzia- disease transmitted by snail that carry parasitic worms and people become infected of they wash or swim in streams where the snails live

Escarpment

Steep Cliff

How do Africa's languages reflect its cultural diversity?

The African languages reflect on their cultural diversity because the Africans speak more than 1,000 different languages, and groups living within a few miles from one another speak different languages

How did the Kingdom of Kush affect the lives of the Egyptians?

The King Kastha conquered the Nile Valley The Kushites (the Kush people) adapted Egyptian hieroglypics

Name some of the rivers in Africa

The Nile The Congo River The Niger River The Zambezi River

How did climate changes affect ancient Africa?

The climate changes impact ancient Africa by how they lived, and what foods they produced in the right times

What kinds of evidence help us learn about the past?

The paintings in the walls of cliffs and caves show the knowledge of what and how people in the early times lives. What they ate, hunted, and their everyday life style.

What ways of life did Africans develop?

They learned to adapt to different environments, they have different cultures which contributed different histories, religious beliefs, values and traditions

What are the four major climate zones of Africa?

Tropical Wet Climate Region Tropical Wet and Dry Climate Region Desert Region Mediterranean Climate

Hieroglyphics

ancient form of Egyptian writing that used pictures and symbols to represent words and sounds

Tropics

area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

Leaching

dissolving and washing away of the soil's nutrients by constant heavy rainfall

Hydroelectric Power

energy produced by moving water

What do rivers provide in Africa?

it provides fish, water for irrigation, transportation, and hydroelectric power

Drought

prolonged periods of little or no rainfall

Pharaoh

ruler of ancient Egypt

Desertification

the change of semi-desert land into desert land