All online quizzes-physics

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A mass on a spring undergoes SHM. It goes through 10 complete oscillations in 5.0 s. What is the period?

0.50s

A rectangular garden measures 15 m long and 13.7 m wide. What is the length of a diagonal from one corner of the garden to the other?

20 m

Time has been measured such that t = 16.7s ±0.5s. Calculate the value of and uncertainty in t^2.

(279±1) s^2

Which of the following system of forces provides the blocks the highest net force?

---> l"""l <--- 54 N

How many grams is forty milligrams?

0.0 40 g

A 0.50-kg mass is attached to a spring of spring constant 20 N/m along a horizontal, frictionless surface. The object oscillates in simple harmonic motion and has a speed of 1.5 m/s at the equilibrium position. What is the total energy of the system?

0.56J

A mass m hanging on a spring has a natural frequency f. If the mass is increased to 4m, what is the new natural frequency?

0.5f

The length and width of a rectangle are 1.125 m and 0.606 m, respectively. Multiplying, your calculator gives the product as 0.68175. Rounding properly to the correct number of significant figures, the area should be written as

0.682 m^2

A 2-kilogram piece of clay moving at 4 m/sec strikes and sticks to a second 4-kilogram piece of clay moving at 1 m/sec in the opposite direction. Calculate the speed of the combined piece of clay.

0.7 m/sec

The order of magnitude of the weight of an apple is

1 N

Atmospheric pressure is approximately

1.01×10^5 Pa

0.0001776 can also be expressed as

1.776 × 10^-4

The acceleration of gravity on the Moon is one-sixth what it is on Earth. The radius of the Moon is one-fourth that of the Earth. What is the Moon's mass compared to the Earth's?

1/96

A plane flying horizontally at a speed of 50.0 m/s and at an elevation of 160 m drops a package. Two seconds later it drops a second package. How far apart will the two packages land on the ground?

100 m

The mass of an atom of the isotope strontium-92 is of the order

10^-25

The length of a page of an examination paper is approximately 30 cm. Which of the following gives the order of magnitude for the time taken for light to travel the length of the page?

10^-9 s

The time interval between human heartbeats is of the order of

10^0 s

The molar mass of water is 18g per mole. The approximate number of water molecules in a glass of water is

10^25

The ratio (diameter of a hydrogen atom)/(diameter of a hydrogen nucleus) to the nearest order of magnitude is

10^5

To melt 4 kg of a solid, 10^6 J of heat is required. Which of the following expressions gives the heat of fusion of the solid?

10^6/4 J/kg

An elephant has a life expectancy of 60 years. Which of the following gives the order of magnitude of this lifetime?

10^9 s

The mass of an electron is 9.1×10^-31kg and that of a proton is 1.7×10^-27kg. Which one of the following is the difference in the order of magnitude of the masses of the electron and the proton?

Write the number 13.5 gigameters as full (decimal) numbers with standard units.

13,500,000,000 m

John goes for a run. From his house, he jogs north for exactly 5.0 min at an average speed of 8.0 km/h. He continues north at a speed of 12.0 km/h for the next 30.0 min. He then turns around and jogs south at a speed of 15.0 km/h for 15.0 min. Then he jogs south for another 20.0 min at 8.0 km/h. He walks the rest of the way home.

13.1 km

A tennis ball (m=60g) is served using a variable force described in the graph below. Find the final speed of the ball, assuming the ball was at rest when served.

141 m/s

What is the volume, and its approximate uncertainty, of a sphere of radius 1.96 ± 0.05 m?

30 ± 20 m^2

A player kicks a football at an angle of 30.0 degrees above the horizontal. The football has an initial velocity of 20.0 m/s. Find the horizontal component of the velocity and the maximum height attained by the football.

17.3 m/s, 5.10 m

A roller coaster starts with a speed of 5.0 m/s at a point 45 m above the bottom of a dip (See Fig. 6-2). Neglect friction, what will be the speed of the roller coaster at the top of the next slope, which is 30 m above the bottom of the dip?

18 m/s

The resultant of two vectors is the smallest when the angle between them is

180°

A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts on the stack, and it accelerates at 3.0 m/s2. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at 2.0 m/s2. What was the mass of the original stack?

2.0 kg

Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 N and is directed due north. The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

2.0 m/s^2 at 53 degrees N of E

What is the difference between 107.7 and 105.29 expressed with the correct number of significant digits?

2.4

What is the sum of 3.08 + 1.574 + 3.4 expressed with the correct number of significant digits?

8.1

The frequency of an oscillating system is given by f= (1/2pi)(g/l)^1/2 where g and pi are constants. The frequency f is measured for different values of length l and a graph is plotted. Which one of the following will produce a straight line graph? y x 1. f^1/2 l^1/2 2. f^1/2 l 3. f^2 1/l 4. f^2 l^1/2

Find the resultant of these two vectors: 2.00 × 10^2 units due east and 4.00 × 10^2 units 30.0° north of west.

248 units, 53.9° north of west

A force is applied as shown in the graph. What impulse is given by this force?

25 N m

From the triangle shown in Image 1.1, what is the length of side c if a = 13cm and b = 22cm?

26 cm

The driver of a car traveling 110 km/h slams on the brakes so that the car undergoes a constant acceleration, skidding to a complete stop in 4.5 sec. What is the average acceleration of the car during braking?

26.9 m/s^2

Estimate the number of times an average person's heart beats in a lifetime. Assume the average heart rate is 73 beats/min and a life span of 74 yr.

3*10^9 beats

0.00325 × 10-8 cm can also be expressed in mm as

3.25 × 10^-10 mm

The components of vector A are given as follows: Ax = +3.9 Ay = -4 The angle measured counterclockwise from the x-axis to vector A, in degrees, is closest to:

314

A 3.0-kg object moves to the right at 4.0 m/s. It collides in a perfectly elastic collision with a 6.0 kg object moving to the left at 2.0 m/s. What is the total kinetic energy after the collision?

36 J

How much power is required to lift a 2.0 kg mass at a speed of 2.0 m/s

39 J

The gravitational force between two masses is 36 N. What is the gravitational force if the distance between them is tripled? (G = 6.673×10-11 Nm2/kg2)

4.0 N

Write the number 0.00045 in power of ten notation.

4.5 × 10^-4

4567.89 is properly expressed in scientific notation as

4.56789 × 10^3

A rectangle is 3.25 m long and 1.5 m wide. What is its area?

4.9 m^2

At what angle should a water-gun be aimed in order for the water to land with the greatest horizontal range?

45 degrees

Substance A has a density of 3.0 g/cm3 and substance B has a density of 4.0 g/cm3. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

4:3

The gravitational attractive force between two masses is F. If the masses are moved to half of their initial distance, what is the gravitational attractive force?

Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at 2.0 m/s2?

5.0 N

What is the result of 2.43 ÷ 4.561 expressed with the correct number of significant digits?

5.33 × 10^-1

What is the average power supplied by a 60.0 kg person running up a flight of stairs a vertical distance of 4.0 m in 4.2 s?

560 W

When a light beach ball rolling with a speed of 6.0 m/s collides with a heavy exercise ball at rest, the beach ball's speed after the collision will be, approximately,

6.0 m/s.

How many atoms are there in a mole of Helium (He) gas?

6.02×10^23

How many meters is sixty kilometers?

60,000 m

The driver of a car traveling 110 km/h slams on the brakes so that the car undergoes a constant acceleration, skidding to a complete stop in 4.5 sec. If the car skids in a straight line for the entire length of the stopping distance, how long are its skid marks?

7.0 x 10^1 km

A motorist travels for 3.0 h at 80 km/h and 2.0 h at 100 km/h. What is her average speed for the trip?

88 km/h

By what factor should the length of a simple pendulum be changed in order to triple the period of vibration?

A ball is thrown horizontally from a hill 29.0 m high at a velocity of 4.00 m/s. Find the distance between the base of the hill and the point where the ball hits the ground.

9.73 m

The graph below is a plot of displacement versus time of a mass oscillating on a spring. At which point on the graph is the net force on the mass at a maximum?

Which of the following situations is an example of a visible change in momentum?

A baseball is hit by a bat.

Which of the following statements properly relates the variables in the equation FΔt = Δp?

A large constant force acting over a long time interval causes a large change in momentum.

If a force is exerted on an object, which statement is true?

A small force applied over a long time interval can produce a large change in the object's momentum.

Which of the following situations is an example of a significant change in momentum?

A tennis ball is hit into a net.

Select the smallest value. A) 15 × 10-3 B) 0.00000015 × 106 C) 0.00015 × 103 D) 0.15 × 100

A) 15 × 10-3

Which of the following is a physical quantity that has a magnitude but no direction? A) vector B) scalar C) resultant D) frame of reference

A) scalar

Which of the following is an example of a vector quantity? A) velocity B) temperature C) volume D) mass

A) velocity

Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

All three have equal pressure

Which of the following statements applies to the motion of a ball rising and then falling in free fall? I. the ball has constant acceleration as it moves upward. II. the ball has constant acceleration at the top of its path. III. The ball has constant acceleration as it moves downward.

All three.

If a nonzero net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely...

Being accelerated

Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

Buoyant force is the same in both

Two objects, with masses m1 and m2, are originally a distance r apart. The magnitude of the gravitational force between them is F. The masses are changed to 2m1 and 2m2, and the distance is changed to 4r. What is the magnitude of the new gravitational force?

F/4

Which of the following equations expresses Newton's law of universal gravitation?

F=(G*m1*m2)/r^2

A length of force vector represents all of the following except

Forces exerted by the object

What causes a moving object to change direction

Force

Which of the following is the cause of acceleration?

Force

Which of the following statements does NOT describe force

Force causes objects at rest to remain stationary

In this course which of the following symbols represents the constant of universal gravitation?

Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion?

Inertia

You are pushing a rock along level ground and making the rock speed up. How does the size of the force you exert on the rock compare with the size of the force the rock exerts on you? The force you exert

Is the same size as the force the rock exerts on you

A freight car moves along a frictionless level railroad track at constant speed. The car is open on top. A large load of coal is suddenly dumped into the car. What happens to the velocity of the car?

It decreases.

A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

It does not change

A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

It goes down

What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0°C to 4°C?

It increases

In the ideal gas formula, temperature must be measured in what unit?

An acorn falls from a tree. Compare its kinetic energy K, to its potential energy U.

K increases and U decreases

What happens when water at its melting point solidifies to ice without any change in temperature?

Latent heat is emitted

Which graph best describes the movement of an object on which no new force is exerted

Linear Distance vs. Time Graph

Which of the following statements about the conservation of momentum is not correct?

Momentum is not conserved for a system of objects in a head-on collision.

Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?

N/m

A Ping-Pong ball moving east at a speed of 4 m/s, collides with a stationary bowling ball. The Ping-Pong ball bounces back to the west, and the bowling ball moves very slowly to the east. Which object experiences the greater magnitude impulse during the collision?

Neither; both experienced the same magnitude impulse.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?

No net energy is exchanged

The SI unit of pressure is

Pa, N/m^2, kg/m^2/s^2

A soldier throws a grenade horizontally from the top of a cliff. Which of the following curves best describes the path taken by the grenade?

Parabola

The driver of a car traveling 110 km/h slams on the brakes so that the car undergoes a constant acceleration, skidding to a complete stop in 4.5 sec. What is the most accurate plot of velocity versus time for the braking car?

Straight line with a negative slope.

A mass M is attached to a spring with spring constant k. When this system is set in motion with amplitude A, it has a period T. What is the period if the amplitude of the motion is increased to 2A?

If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you push a 10-kg mass from rest,

The 4.0 kg mass accelerates 2.5 times faster than the 10-kg mass

Which statement about the acceleration of an object is correct?

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

Why does an astronaut weigh less on the moon than on Earth?

The gravitational field strength is less on the moon's surface than on Earth's surface

When comparing the momentum of two moving objects, which of the following is correct?

The less massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same.

According to Newton's second law, when the same force is applied to two objects of different masses:

The object with greater mass will experience a smaller acceleration, and the object with less mass will experience a greater acceleration

A small car meshes with a large truck in a head-on collision. Which of the following statements concerning the magnitude of the average collision force is correct?

The small car and the truck experience the same average force.

Satellite A has twice the mass of satellite B, and rotates in the same orbit. Compare the two satellite's speeds.

The speed of B is equal to the speed of A

A hockey stick hits a puck on the ice. Identify the action-reaction pair in the situation?

The stick exerts a force on the puck; the puck exerts a force on the stick

A 3.0-kg object moves to the right at 4.0 m/s. It collides head-on with a 6.0-kg object moving to the left at 2.0 m/s. Which statement is correct?

The total momentum both before and after the collision is zero.

As an object falls toward earth...

The upward acceleration of earth is negligible because of its large mass

An object moves in a circular path at a constant speed. Compare the direction of the object's velocity and acceleration vectors.

The vectors are perpendicular

Newton's third law of motion involves the interactions of

Two objects and two forces

Which of the following is a true statement about the conservation of energy

Total energy is always conserved.

Which of the following is a pair of vector quantities?

Velocity — Displacement

which of the following is a pair of vector quantities?

Velocity--Displacement

Which is the path of a projectile (in the absence of friction)?

a parabola

Which of the following does not exhibit parabolic motion?

a flat piece of paper released from a window

Which of the following is not an example of projectile motion?

a hot-air balloon drifting toward Earth

Which of the following is an example of projectile motion?

a thrown baseball

Which of the following has the greatest momentum?

a tortoise with a mass of 275 kg moving at a velocity of 0.55 m/s

Which of the following is the equation for acceleration?

a= (delta t)/(delta v)

A mass attached to a spring vibrates back and forth. At maximum displacement, the spring force and the

acceleration reach a maximum

In this course, which of the following symbols represents gravitational field strength?

Two balls are thrown horizontally. Ball C is thrown with a force at 20 N, and ball D is thrown with a force of 40 N. Assuming all other factors are equal, ball D will fall toward the ground

at the same rate as ball C

Which of the following is the equation for average velocity?

avg v= (delta x)/(delta t)

The number of significant figures in 10001 is

five

What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

gauge pressure

One day, while swimming below the surface of the ocean, you let out a number of bubbles of air from your mouth. As the bubbles rise toward the surface, their diameters will

increase

What are the SI units for momentum?

kg m/s

Which of the following is the rate at which energy is transferred?

power

Doubling only the mass of a vibrating mass-and-spring system produces what effect on the system's mechanical energy?

produces no change

Which of the following is the motion of objects moving in two dimensions under the influence of gravity?

projectile motion

Pressure is

proportional to force and inversely proportional to area

Density is

proportional to mass and inversely proportional to volume

Two objects attract each other gravitationally. If the distance between their centers is cut in half, the gravitational force

quadruples

How many fundamental units does the SI system have?

seven

In simple harmonic motion, the acceleration is proportional to

the displacement

Two equal mass balls (one red and the other blue) are dropped from the same height, and rebound off the floor. The red ball rebounds to a higher position. Which ball is subjected to the greater magnitude of impulse during its collision with the floor?

the red ball

The path of a projectile through space is called its:

trajectory

A coin of mass m rests on a turntable a distance r from the axis of rotation. The turntable rotates with a frequency of f. What is the minimum coefficient of static friction between the turntable and the coin if the coin is not to slip?

(4p2f2r)/g

5000 J of heat is supplied in one minute to 0.06 kg of a liquid at its boiling point of 85°C to convert it completely to vapor. Which of the following expressions gives the heat of vaporization of the liquid?

(5000*85)/.06 J°C/kg

A roller coaster car (mass = M) is on a track that forms a circular loop (radius = r) in the vertical plane. If the car is to just maintain contact with the track at the top of the loop, what is the minimum value for its speed at that point?

(rg)1/2

Vector A has magnitude 8.0 m at an angle of 30 degrees below the +x axis. The y-component of A is

-4.0 m

The driver of a car traveling at 110 km/h slams on the brakes so that the car undergoes a constant acceleration, skidding to a complete stop in 4.5 s.

-6.79 m/s^2

A ball with a momentum of 4.0 kg m/s hits a wall and bounces straight back without losing any kinetic energy. What is the change in the ball's momentum?

-8.0 kg m/s

A single force acts on an object. The components of this force act along the + x-axis and the y-axis. The single force that will bring the object into equilibrium has components that act along the ...

-x axis and +y axis

A net force of 6.8 N accelerates a 31kg scooter across a level parking lot. What is the magnitude of the scooters acceleration?

.22 m/s^2

A 3.0-kg object moves to the right at 4.0 m/s. It collides in a perfectly inelastic collision with a 6.0 kg object moving to the left at 2.0 m/s. What is the total kinetic energy after the collision?

0 J

What is the speed of an object at rest?

0.0 m/s

Write out the number 8.42 × 10^-5 in full with a decimal point and correct number of zeros.

0.0000842

What is the conversion factor between cm^2 and m^2?

0.0001 m^2/cm^2

Convert 1.2 × 10^-3 to decimal notation.

0.0012

Which of the following has three significant figures?

0.0500 mm

100 mL is equivalent to which of the following?

0.1 L

0.25 km

What is the conversion factor between km/h and m/s?

0.278 m/s

A car is moving with a uniform speed of 15.0 m/s along a straight path. What is the distance covered by the car in 12.0 minutes?

1.08 x 10 ^1 km

A car is moving with a uniform speed of 15.0 m/s along a straight path. What is the distance covered by the car in 12.0 minutes?

1.08 ´ 10^1 km

How many atoms are there in a mole of Hydrogen (H2) gas?

1.20×10^24

If you pitch a baseball with twice the kinetic energy you gave it in the previous pitch, the magnitude of its momentum is

1.41 times as much

If you pitch a baseball with twice the kinetic energy you gave it in the previous pitch, the magnitude of its momentum is

1.41 times as much.

Two planets have the same surface gravity, but planet B has twice the mass of planet A. If planet A has radius r, what is the radius of planet B?

1.41r

A cart of mass 5.3 kg initially moving at 5 m/s is subject to an impulse which can be found from the graph. What is the final speed of the car if the force acts in the direction of the intial velocity.

11.0 m/s

A tennis ball (m=60g) is served using a variable force described in the graph below. Find the total impulse given to the ball.

11.8 Ns

A rock is suspended from a scale reads 10.0 N. A beaker of water is raised up so the rock is totally submerged in the water. The scale now reads 6.25 N. What is the density of the rock?

2.67 times the density of water

What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surface of the Earth where the acceleration due to gravity is 9.80 m/s2?

25.5 kg

A 3.00 kg toy falls from a height of 1.00 m. What will the kinetic energy of the toy be just before the toy hits the ground? (Assume no air resistance and that g = 9.81 m/s.)

29.4 J

What is the spring constant of a spring that stretches 2.00 cm when a mass of 0.600 kg is suspended from it?

294 N/m

From the triangle shown in Image 1.1, what is the magnitude of angle A (in degrees), if a=120cm and b=215cm?

29°

Tripling the displacement from equilibrium of an object in simple harmonic motion will change the magnitude of the object's maximum acceleration by what factor?

The length and width of a rectangle are 1.125 m and 0.606 m, respectively. You calculate the rectangle's perimeter by adding these and multiplying by two. Your calculator's display reads 3.462. To the correct number of significant figures, this should be written as

3.462 m

A 1500-kg car can accelerate from rest to 72 km/h in 8.0 s. What is the net force acting on the car to cause this acceleration?

3.8 N

The components of vector A are given as follows: Ax = +2.4 Ay = -3.1 The magnitude of A is closest to:

3.9

An Olympic athlete throws a javelin at four different angles above the horizontal, each with the same speed: 30 degrees, 40 degrees, 60 degrees, and 80 degrees. Which two throws cause the javelin to land the same distance away?

30 and 60 degrees

A ball is thrown downward from the top of a building with an initial speed of 25 m/s. It strikes the ground after 2.0 s. How high is the building?

30 m

Two objects, with masses m1 and m2, are originally a distance r apart. The gravitational force between them has magnitude F. The second object has its mass changed to 2m2, and the distance is changed to r/4. What is the magnitude of the new gravitational force?

32F

A 6.0-kg wooden block is pulled across a carpet with a force of F = 36 N. The block begins at rest and accelerates to a velocity of 0.25 m/s in 0.50 s. What is the force of friction acting on the block?

33 N

The kinetic friction force between a 60.0-kg object and a horizontal surface is 50.0 N. If the initial speed of the object is 25.0 m/s, what distance will it slide before coming to a stop?

375 m

Consider a 20.0-kg pendulum clock that keeps good time. If the clock is moved to a location where it weighs 74 N, how many minutes will the minute hand move in 1 h?

A car travels at 15 m/s for 10 s. It then speeds up with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s^2 for 15 s. At the end of this time, what is its velocity?

45 m/s

Two planets have the same surface gravity, but planet B has twice the radius of planet A. If planet A has mass m, what is the mass of planet B?

Vector A has length 4 units and directed to the north. Vector B has length 9 units and is directed to the south. Calculate the magnitude and direction of A + B.

5 units, south

What is the percent uncertainty in the measurement 1.25 ± 0.07 cm?

5.6%

50 g of ice at 0°C is dropped in a beaker containing 100 g of water at 0°C. What will be the contents of the beaker after 5 hours? Assume that the room temperature is 0°C.

50 g of ice and 100 g of water

What is the product of 12.99 and 4.05 expressed with the correct number of significant digits?

52.6

The driver of a car traveling at 110 km/h slams on the brakes so that the car undergoes a constant acceleration, skidding to a complete stop in 4.5 s. If the car skids in a straight line for the entire length of the stopping distance, how long are its skid marks?

7.0×10^`1 m

For the winter, a duck flies 10.0 m/s due south against a gust of wind with a speed of 2.5 m/s. What is the resultant velocity of the duck?

7.5 m/s south

What is the conversion factor between km/h^2 and m/s^2?

7.72 × 10^-6 m/s^2

A late traveler rushes to catch a plane, pulling a suitcase with a force directed 30 degrees above the horizontal. If the horizontal component of the force on the suitcase is 60.6 N, what is the force exerted on the handle?

70.0 N

The acceleration of gravity on the Moon is one-sixth what it is on Earth. An object of mass 72 kg is taken to the Moon. What is its mass there?

72 kg

A ball thrown at an original speed of 8.0 m/s at an angle of 35 degrees above the horizontal. What is the speed of the ball when it returns to the same horizontal level?

8.0 m/s

Moustapha Jones drives east at 100 km/hr for 3 hours then back west at 80 km/hr for 1.5 hours. Which pair of answers gives his average speed and average velocity

93.3 km/hr, 40 km/hr east

Moustapha Jones drives east at 100km/hr for 3 hours the back west at 80km/hr for 1.5 hours. Which pair of answers gives his average speed and average velocity?

93.3km/hr, 40km/hr east

A sled weighing 100.N is held in place on a frictionless 20.0° slope by a rope attached to a stake at the top. The rope is parallel to the slope. What is the normal force of the slope acting on the sled?

94 N

Which of the following situations represents a negative displacement? (Assume positive position is measured vertically upward along a y-axis.)

A cat jumps from a tree limb to the ground

Which of the following is an accurate statement? A) The magnitude of a vector can be less than the magnitude of one of its components. B) A vector cannot have zero magnitude if one of its components is not zero. C) If the magnitude of vector A is less than the magnitude of vector B, then the x-component of A is less than the x-component of B. D) The magnitude of a vector can be positive or negative.

B) A vector cannot have zero magnitude if one of its components is not zero.

Which of the following equations can be used to directly calculate the change in an object's momentum?

Dp = FΔt

Which of the following statements applies to the motion of a ball rising and then falling in free fall? I. The ball has constant acceleration as it moves upward. II. The ball has constant acceleration at the top of its path. III. The ball has constant acceleration as it moves downward.

I, II, and III

Which of the following is an accurate statement?

If an object is acted on by a non-zero net external force, its momentum will not remain constant

A person weighing 800 N stands with one foot on each of two bathroom scales. Which statement is definitely true?

If one scale reads 500 N, the other will read 300 N.

According to the graph above, during which interval is the cat at rest?

In a displacement vs time graph, any points where the graph is horizontal indicates rest.

When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool?

It increases by the same amount

When a football in a field goal attempt reaches its maximum height, how does its speed compare to its initial speed?

It is less than its initial speed.

Consider a particle moving with constant speed such that its acceleration of constant magnitude is always perpendicular to its velocity.

It is moving in a circle

You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

It less than doubles

As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force on it?

It remains constant

Which of the following are not units of power?

A ball falls from the top of a building, through the air (air friction is present), to the ground below. How does the kinetic energy (K) just before striking the ground compare to the potential energy (U) at the top of the building?

K is less than U.

Who was the first person to realize that the planets move in elliptical paths around the Sun?

Kepler

A newton is equivalent to which of the following quantities?

Kg m/s^2

Which of the following is a direct cause of a substance's temperature increase?

Kinetic energy is added to the particles of the substance

In an elastic collision, if the momentum is conserved, then which of the following statements is true about kinetic energy?

Kinetic energy is also conserved

In an inelastic collision, if the momentum is conserved, then which of the following statements is true about kinetic energy?

Kinetic energy is lost

A space probe is directly between two moons of a planet. If it is twice as far from moon A as it is from moon B, but the net force on the probe is zero, what can be said about the relative masses of the moons?

Moon A is four times as massive as moon B Explanation: The equation for gravitational force is F of gravity= (G*m1*m2)/r^2. So, if one distance, r, is twice the other distance, then the force for equal masses, is one-fourth as large. Therefore, the mass has to be four times larger to compensate.

"An external pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted unchanged to every point within the fluid" is known as

Pascal's principle

The hydraulic lift is an application of

Pascal's principle

Let the average orbital radius of a planet be r. Let the orbital period be T. What quantity is constant for all planets orbiting the Sun?

T2/R3

The time period T of oscillatioin of a mass m suspended from a vertical spring is given by the expression T= (2pi)(m/k)^1/2 where k is a constant. Which one of the following plots will give rise to a straight-line graph?

T^2 against m

Which of the following is true during a phase change?

Temperature remains constant

When a car's velocity is positive and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car's motion?

The car slows down

When a car's velocity is negative and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car's motion?

The car speeds up

A child with a mass of 23 kg rides a bike with a mass of 5.5 kg at a velocity of 4.5 m/s to the south. Compare the momentum of the child with the momentum of the bike.

The child has a greater momentum than the bike.

If two small beakers of water, one at 70°C and one at 80°C, are emptied into a large beaker, what is the final temperature of the water?

The final temperature is between 70°C and 80°C

The graph increases the whole time in almost a straight line.

A hammer drives a nail into a piece of wood. Identify an action-reaction pair in this situation

The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the nail exerts a force on the hammer

If energy is transferred from a table to a block of ice moving across the table, which of the following statements is true?

The ice is cooler than the table

What happens when a periodic driving force is applied at a frequency close to the natural frequency of the system?

The system will resonate and unless some energy is lost the amplitude of the vibrations will increase until the system breaks.

The figure above shows how the temperature of 10.0 g of ice changes as energy is added. Which of the following statements is correct?

The water absorbed energy continuously, but the temperature increased only when all of the water was in one phase

When you hold your hand palm-up, the atmosphere exerts a force of about 800 N on the palm of your hand. Comparing this force with

They are all equal

Consider two masses m1 and m2 at the top of two frictionless inclined planes. Both masses start from rest at the same height. However, the plane on which m1 sits is at an angle of 30° with the horizontal, while the plane on which m2 sits is at 60°. If the masses are released, which is going faster at the bottom of its plane?

They both are going the same speed.

A lightweight object and a very heavy object are sliding with equal speeds along a level frictionless surface. They both slide up the same frictionless hill. Which rises to a greater height?

They both slide to the same height.

A bullet is fired horizontally, and at the same instant a second bullet is dropped from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Compare the times of fall of the two bullets.

They hit at the same time.

Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum--a feather or a metal bolt?

They would hit at the same time

Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum—a feather or a metal bolt?

They would hit the ground at the same time

The statement by newton that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction is which of his laws of motion

Third

A change in the gravitational force acting on an object will affect the object's?

Weight

The magnitude of the gravitational force acting on an object is

Weight

Is it possible for an object moving with a constant speed to accelerate? Explain.

Yes, although the speed is constant, the direction of the velocity can be changing

Is it possible for an object moving around a circular path to have both centripetal and tangential acceleration?

Yes, this is possible if the speed is changing

A car goes forward along a level road at constant velocity. The additional force needed to bring the car into equilibrium is

Zero

Which of the following is the equation for acceleration?

a = change in velocity/ change in time

A particle is moving in a circular path of radius r. The time taken for one complete revolution is T. The acceleration a of the particle is given by the expression a= (4pi^2r)/(T^2) Which one of the following graphs would produce a straight line?

a against 1/T^2

Which of the following is not an example of approximate simple harmonic motion?

a ball bouncing on the floor

Which of the following are characteristics of a mass in simple harmonic motion? I. The motion repeats at regular intervals. II. The motion is sinusoidal. III. The restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium

all of these

For a mass hanging from a spring, the maximum displacement the spring is stretched or compressed from its equilibrium position is the system's

amplitude

A mass is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where is the mass located when its kinetic energy is a minimum?

at either A or B

A mass is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where is the mass located when its potential energy is a maximum?

at either A or B

A vertical spring has a mass hanging from it, which is displaced from the equilibrium position and begins to oscillate. At what point does the system have the least potential energy?

at the equilibrium point

A baseball catcher throws a ball vertically upward and catches it in the same spot as it returns to the mitt. At what point in the ball's path does it experience zero velocity and nonzero acceleration at the same time?

at the top of its path

A pilot drops a bomb from a plane flying horizontally at a constant speed. Neglecting air resistance, when the bomb hits the ground the horizontal location of the plane will

be over the bomb

In the formula Q= mc(deltaT) , which quantity is measured in units of J/g·°C?

Select the list which contains only SI fundamental units.

candela, kelvin, meter, second

What type of acceleration does an object moving with constant speed in a circular path experience?

centripetal acceleration

What force is needed to make an object move in a circle?

centripetal force

What is the term for the net force directed toward the center of an object's circular path?

centripetal force

Which of the following is the equation for average velocity?

change in x/change in time = average velocity

The movement of an object or a point mass at a constant speed around a circle that has a fixed radius is called uniform:

circular motion

The use of fiberglass insulation in the outer walls of a building is intended to minimize heat transfer through what process?

conduction

The total mechanical energy of a simple harmonic oscillator is

constant

In a coordinate system, a vector is oriented at angle q with respect to the x-axis. The x component of the vector equals the vector's magnitude multiplied by which trigonometric function?

cos q

Two displacement vectors have magnitudes of 5.0 m and 7.0 m, respectively. When these two vectors are added, the magnitude of the sum

could be as small as 2.0 m, or as large as 12 m

If you take a given pendulum to the Moon, where the acceleration of gravity is less than on Earth, the resonant frequency of the pendulum will

decrease

As a rocket moves away from the Earth's surface, the rocket's weight

decreases

A 20 kg shopping cart moving at a velocity of 0.5 m/s collides with a store wall and stops. The momentum of the shopping cart

decreases.

To accelerate your car at a constant acceleration, the car's engine must

develop ever-increasing power.

The relationship between force and acceleration is

direct linear

Vibration of an object about an equilibrium point is called simple harmonic motion when the restoring force is proportional to

displacement

According to the graph above, during which interval does the cat have the greatest positive velocity?

displacement vs. time graph, wherever the graph is increasing the most.

In a game of pool, the white cue ball hits the #5 ball and stops, while the #5 ball moves away with the same velocity as the cue ball had originally. The type of collision is

elastic

Suppose a satellite were orbiting the Earth just above the surface. What is its centripetal acceleration?

equal to g

A boat loaded with rocks is floating in a swimming pool. If the rocks are thrown into the pool, the water level in the pool, after the rocks have settled to the bottom,

falls

A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greater?

floating on the mercury

The number of significant figures in 0.01500 is

four

Acceleration due to gravity is also called

free-fall acceleration

For a system in simple harmonic motion, which of the following is the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time?

frequency

A child rides a bicycle in a circular path with a radius of 2.5 m. The tangential speed of the bicycle is 2.0 m/s. The combined mass of the bicycle and the child is 43 kg. What kind of force provides the centripetal force on the bicycle?

friction

How is energy transferred as heat always directed?

from an object at high temperature to an object at low temperature

When calculating the gravitational force between two extended bodies, you should measure the distance

from the center of each body

A roller coaster car is on a track that forms a circular loop in the vertical plane. If the car is to just maintain contact with track at the top of the loop, what is the minimum value for its centripetal acceleration at this point?

g downward

A hypothetical planet has a mass of half that of the Earth and a radius of twice that of the Earth. What is the acceleration due to gravity on the planet in terms of g, the acceleration due to gravity at the Earth?

g/8

A man starts his car from rest and accelerates at 2 m/s^2 for 2 seconds. He then continues at a constant velocity for 11 seconds until he sees a tree blocking the road and applies brakes. The car, decelerating at 2 m/s^2 finally comes to rest. Which of the following graphs represents the motion correctly?

graph looks like a trapezoid

To which of the following is high temperature related?

high particle kinetic energy

In the figure above, according to Kepler's laws of planetary motion,

if Δt1=Δt2, then A1=A2

When is kinetic energy conserved?

in elastic collisions

A flask of water rests on a scale. If you dip your finger into the water, without touching the flask, the reading on the scale will

increase

The speed of Halley's Comet, while traveling in its elliptical orbit around the Sun,

increases as it nears the Sun

Doubling only the amplitude of a vibrating mass-and-spring system produces what effect on the system's mechanical energy?

increases the energy by a factor of four

Doubling only the spring constant of a vibrating mass-and-spring system produces what effect on the system's mechanical energy?

increases the energy by a factor of two

A ball is whirled on a string, then the string breaks. What causes the ball to move off in a straight line?

inertia

When a car makes a sharp left turn, what causes the passengers to move toward the right side of the car?

inertia

Suppose you are given a position versus time graph. The slope of a line drawn tangent to a point on the curve of this graph describes what quantity?

instantaneous velocity

A mass on a spring undergoes SHM. When the mass is at maximum displacement from equilibrium, its instantaneous acceleration

is a maximum

The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. The graph illustrates that the acceleration of the cyclist

is constant

The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. The graph illustrates that the acceleration of the cyclist (velocity vs. time graph, a line with a positive slope)

is constant

When an object is moving with uniform circular motion, the object's tangential speed

is constant

Two objects collide and stick together. Kinetic energy

is definitely not conserved

When an object is moving with uniform circular motion, the centripetal acceleration of the object

is directed toward the center of motion

When an object experiences uniform circular motion, the direction of the acceleration is

is directed toward the center of the circular path

When an object experiences uniform circular motion, the direction of the net force is

is directed toward the center of the circular path

A roller coaster climbs up a hill at 4 m/s and then zips down the hill at 30 m/s. The momentum of the roller coaster

is greater down the hill than up the hill.

A mass on a spring undergoes SHM. When the mass passes through the equilibrium position, its instantaneous velocity

is maximum

What is the correct unit of power expressed in SI units?

kg m2/s3

The metric prefix for one thousand is

kilo

Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

less

What is the SI unit of acceleration?

m/s^2

Which of the following units is the SI unit of velocity?

meter per second

which of the following units is the SI unit of velocity?

meter per second

A mass is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where is the mass located when its kinetic energy is a maximum?

midway between A and B

A mass is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where is the mass located when its potential energy is a minimum?

midway between A and B

The metric prefix for one one-thousandth is

milli

The impulse experienced by a body is equivalent to the body's change in

momentum

When a cannon fires a cannonball, the cannon will recoil backward because the

momentum of the cannonball and cannon is conserved.

A ball drops some distance and gains 30 J of kinetic energy. Do not ignore air resistance. How much gravitational potential energy did the ball lose?

more than 30 J

A pilot executes a vertical dive then follows a semi-circular arc until it is going straight up. Just as the plane is at its lowest point, the force on him is

more than mg, and pointing up

A car of mass m goes around a banked curve of radius r with speed v. If the road is frictionless due to ice, the car can still negotiate the curve if the horizontal component of the normal force on the car from the road is equal in magnitude to

mv2/r

In the graph above what is the correct description of any location to the left of the zero? (graph shows a number line for position from 0 to 10)

negative change of displacement

In the graph above, what is the correct description of any location to the left of the zero?

negative position

A car goes around a curve of radius r at a constant speed v. Then it goes around the same curve at half of the original speed. What is the centripetal force on the car as it goes around the curve for the second time, compared to the first time?

one-fourth as big

A planet is discovered to orbit around a star in the galaxy Andromeda, with the same orbital diameter as the Earth around our Sun. If that star has 4 times the mass of our Sun, what will the period of revolution of that new planet be, compared to the Earth's orbital period?

one-half as much

Which of the following equations can be used to directly calculate an object's momentum, p?

p = mv

A sailboat of mass m is moving with a momentum p. How would you represent its kinetic energy in terms of these two quantities?

p2/(2m)

For a system in simple harmonic motion, which of the following is the time required to complete a cycle of motion?

period

A rubber ball moving at a speed of 5 m/s hit a flat wall and returned to the thrower at 5 m/s. The magnitude of the momentum of the rubber ball

remained the same.

Identify the following quantities as scalar or vector: the mass of an object, the number of leaves on a tree, wind velocity.

scalar, scalar, vector

A useful method of expressing very small or very large numbers is

scientific notation

The base SI unit of time is

second

In a coordinate system, a vector is oriented at angle q with respect to the x-axis. The y component of the vector equals the vector's magnitude multiplied by which trigonometric function?

sin q

A golf ball traveling 3.0 m/s to the right collides in a head-on collision with a stationary bowling ball in a friction-free environment. If the collision is almost perfectly elastic, the speed of the golf ball immediately after the collision is

slightly less than 3.0 m/s

The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. During the interval shown (velocity vs. time graph, a line with a positive slope) the cyclist is

speeding up

A mass M is attached to a spring with spring constant k. When this system is set in motion with amplitude A, it has a period T. What is the period if the mass is doubled to 2M?

sqrt2 t

According to the graph above, the cat has the fastest speed during which interval?

steepest slope in a displacement vs. time graph

Energy transferred as heat occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in which of the following properties?

temperature

Which of the following is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules?

temperature

Which of the following can be a centripetal force?

tension, friction, and gravity

A simple pendulum swings in simple harmonic motion. At maximum displacement,

the acceleration reaches a maximum.

A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

the aluminum

On a plot of Force versus position (F vs. x), what represents the work done by the force F?

the area under the curve

A rubber ball and a lump of putty have equal mass. They are thrown with equal speed against a wall. The ball bounces back with nearly the same speed with which it hit. The putty sticks to the wall. Which objects experiences the greater momentum change?

the ball

When a car's velocity is positive and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car's motion?

the car slows down

When a car's velocity is negative and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car's motion?

the car speeds up

If you know the acceleration of a car, its initial velocity, and the time interval, which of the following can you predict?

the direction of the car's final velocity the magnitude of the car's final velocity the displacement of the car

If you know the acceleration of a car, its initial velocity, and the time interval, which of the following can you predict?

the direction of the car's final velocity, the magnitude of the car's final velocity, and the displacement of the car

A 100-kg football linebacker moving at 2.0 m/s tackles head-on an 80-kg halfback running 3.0 m/s. Neglecting the effects due to digging in of cleats,

the halfback will drive the linebacker backward.

50 cm3 of wood is floating on water, and 50 cm3 of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

the iron

In simple harmonic motion, the speed is greatest at that point in the cycle when

the magnitude of the acceleration is a minimum.

The equation for the speed of an object in circular orbit is v1= ((G)(m/r))^1/2 . What does m represent in this equation?

the mass of the central object

The work done to move a spring away from its equilibrium position is equal to

the potential energy of the spring

The quantity Fd/t is

the power supplied to the object by the force.

The change in an object's momentum is equal to

the product of the force applied to the object and the time interval.

The gravitational force between two objects is proportional to

the product of the two objects

Acceleration is defined as

the rate of change of velocity

Which of the following features of a given pendulum changes when the pendulum is moved from Earth's surface to the moon?

the restoring force

Compared to its mass on the Earth, the mass of an object on the Moon is

the same

According to Kepler's second law of planetary motion,

the speed of a planet is greatest when it is closest to the Sun

The gravitational force between two objects is inversely proportional to

the square of the distance between the two objects

A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a tower at the same instant a ball is dropped vertically. Which object is traveling faster when it hits the level ground below?

the stone

The law of conservation of momentum states that

the total momentum of all objects interacting with one another remains constant regardless of the nature of the forces between the objects.

A cup of water is filled to the brim when an ice cube is placed in it. The tip of the ice cube sticks out of the surface. As the ice melts, you observe that

the water level remains the same

Two skaters stand facing each other. One skater's mass is 60 kg, and the other's mass is 72 kg. If the skaters push away from each other without spinning,

their momenta are equal but opposite.

How are frequency and period related in simple harmonic motion?

they are inversely related

A car goes around a curve of radius r at a constant speed v. What is the direction of the net force on the car?

toward the curve's center

A car goes around a curve of radius r at a constant speed v. Then it goes around a curve of radius 2r at speed 2v. What is the centripetal force on the car as it goes around the second curve, compared to the first?

twice as big

The number of significant figures in 0.040 is

two

The speed of sound v in a gas is related to the pressure of the gas by the expression v= (kP)^1/2 where k is a constant. Which variables should be plotted in order to produce a straight-line graph with the slope equal to k?

v^2 against P

A mass attached to a spring vibrates back and forth. At the equilibrium position, the

velocity reaches a maximum

All of the following are base units of the SI system except:

volt

Which of the following physical properties can be used to measure temperature using a thermometer?

volume

A person sitting in a chair with wheels stands up, causing the chair to roll backward across the floor. The momentum of the chair

was zero while stationary and increased when the person stood.

Of the following, which is not a unit of power?

watt/second

The area under the curve, on a Force versus position (F vs. x) graph, represents

work.

The velocity of a mass attached to a spring is given by v = (1.5 cm/s) sin(ωt + π/2), where ω = 3.0 rad/s. What is the corresponding expression for x?

x = -(0.50 cm) cos(ωt + π/2)

In the graph above (same as #6) a toy rolls from +3 m to +5 m. Which of the following statements is true?

xi = +3 m

In the graph above, a toy car rolls from +3 m to +5 m. Which of the following statements is true?

xi = +3 m

A 0.30-kg mass is suspended on a spring. In equilibrium the mass stretches the spring 2.0 cm downward. The mass is then pulled an additional distance of 1.0 cm down and released from rest. Write down its equation of motion.

y = (0.01 m) cos (22.1 t)

If you run a complete loop around an outdoor track (400 m), in 100 s, your average velocity is

zero

What condition or conditions are necessary for static equilibrium?

ΣFx = 0, ΣFy = 0, ΣT = 0

What condition or conditions are necessary for rotational equilibrium?

ΣT = 0

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