Am. Government 2

Research on the impact of soft news finds it

All of the above are true

A media event is

a situation that is too newsworthy for the media to ignore.

When the media regularly focus public attention on violent crime, political corruption, or economic woes, they are engaged in

agenda setting

The phrase "on background" means that media are permitted to

anonymously quote material without identifying the source

The five members of the Federal Communications Commission

are appointed by the president

The opportunities for genuine two-way flows of information between citizens and government

are being made possible by the Internet

The phrase "off the record" means that media

are not allowed to print the information

The equal opportunities rule did not allow

a TV station to accept advertising only from the owner's favorite candidates

More and more, cable news seems analogous to

early partisan newspapers

Since 2009, most prominent weekly news magazines

have declined in recent years as much as newspaper circulation has declined

A story that contains no policy content and is not related to the day's events but that commonly discusses popular personalities and is designed to draw greater viewer interest is

infotainment

Evidence suggests that lower-income, lower-educated Americans learn more from news when

it includes information on the historical and factual background of issues.

In 2009, Representative Alan Grayson described on C-SPAN the Republican health-care plan as "stay healthy or die quickly" and swiftly raised over $150,000 from one website alone. The phenomenon of a fiery quote generating fundraising is known as

money blurt.

The traditional division of mass media into _________ has been made problematic by the Internet.

print and broadcast

The first media technology to make broadcast journalists into household names was

radio

Early regulation of broadcast media in the United States resulted from

radio station owners seeking to impose order on the use of the airwaves

General entertainment programming that often includes discussions of political affairs, such as The Daily Show, The Today Show and The View is called

soft news

One difference between media habits of men and women is that

women are more likely to get their news from television

In what year did the FCC repeal the Fairness Doctrine

1987

In 2010, the largest circulation by a daily paper in America was about

2 million copies

A country where the government heavily censors Internet news and search engines is

China

The _________ prohibits Congress from abridging freedom of the press.

First Amendment

The current debate about "net neutrality" concerns whether

ISPs should be allowed to charge people more if they consume a large amount of bandwidth.

Which president first provided space in the White House for reporters?

Theodore Roosevelt

__________ percent of surveyed adults indicated that they learned about the 2008 political campaign from comedy shows like The Daily Show, The Colbert Report, or Saturday Night Live.

Thirty percent

The reasonable access rule required

broadcast stations to provide fair coverage of all views on public issues.

Most news printed about Congress comes from

congressional press releases and prepared reports

Private ownership of the media in the United States makes the American news industry

dependent on advertising revenues

Regarding the Internet, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC

does not have jurisdiction to regulate Internet content.

Crime rates have fallen in every major category (rape, burglary, robbery, assault, and murder) since the 1980s, but as one journalist said, "Crime coverage is not editorially driven; it's_________."

economically driven

A 2011 news analysis found that cable TV was particularly devoted to __________ whereas online news sites and newspapers provided more coverage of __________.

election coverage; foreign affairs

The now-abolished __________ obligated broadcasters to discuss public issues and to provide equal coverage of all opinions on those issues.

fairness doctrine

The first newspapers in the United States were

financed by political parties that advocated party causes

The media executives, news editors, and prominent reporters who decide which events to report and how to report them are known as

gatekeepers

During a presidential election, the tendency of journalists to limit coverage of campaign events to coverage of the candidate who leads in the polls at the time is known as

horse race journalism

One major influence of political blogs on American politics is

impacting the types of stories that get picked up by the "mainstream media."

The Internet was started

in 1969, with support from the U.S. Department of Defense

The "television hypothesis" is the belief that television

is to blame for the low level of citizens' knowledge about public affairs.

A feature story that is aired to a targeted listening audience by a media source that supports a specific advertiser of the network is an example of

market-driven journalism

A poll of Americans who had seen or heard of Michael Moore's 2007 documentary Sicko found that _________ changed their mind and said health-care reform was more necessary.

nearly half

Until the early 1960s, most Americans cited __________ as the source from which they got most of their news

newspapers

The term __________ refers to the tendency of journalists to adopt similar viewpoints toward news simply because they hang around together.

pack journalism

In the United States today, the mass media

provide a two-way channel of communication between the people and the government.

The Telecommunications Act of 1996

relaxed the rules governing media ownership

Most politicians and many scholars believe that the media's greatest influence on politics is its ability to

set the political agenda

Newspapers did not move toward independent ownership and large circulation until

the 1830s

So far, the only major paper with a long-standing successful practice of charging its online readers for content is

the Wall Street Journal

Content analysis of network news suggests that most coverage focuses on

the president

The televised presidential news conference has developed into an event in which

the president and other high-level officials deliver carefully rehearsed answers to anticipated questions

Officials send out __________ when they intentionally leak news to gauge the reaction of the public or other political leaders

trial balloons