American Gov Final

________ is a court order demanding that an individual in custody be brought into court and shown the cause for detention. (Ch. 4)

Habeas Corpus

Which of the following statements is true? (Ch. 1, Native Americans)

Native Americans became US citizens in 1924

Federal officials seeking to give state officials more authority are most likely to support ________.(Ch. 3)

block grants

The ________ was the key group in Europe that pushed for limited government. (Ch. 1)

bourgeoisie

How did the framers attempt to reassure citizens that their views would be represented in the new government created by the Constitution? (Ch. 2)

by defining the new government's most important powers, such as collecting taxes, borrowing money and regulating commerce, as belonging to Congress

Miranda v. Arizona (1966) was important because it produced rules that must be used (Ch. 4)

by the police before questioning an arrested criminal suspect

In American political culture, economic freedom means ________. (Ch. 1)

capitalism

A federal grant to states to assist in the building of new public schools is an example of a ________ grant. (Ch. 3)

categorical

The ability of the president to veto a bill passed by Congress is a good example of ________. (Ch.2)

checks and balances

According to the authors of the text, democracy functions best when (Ch. 1)

citizens are informed

When did civil rights become part of the U.S. Constitution? (Ch. 4)

civil rights were incorporated with the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment

When was the era of dual federalism according to the authors of the text? (Ch. 3)

from the ratification of the Constitution until the New Deal

The Fair Housing Act of 1968 (Ch. 4)

had little effect on housing segregation because its enforcements were very weak

The most important political value for the framers of the Constitution was ________. (Ch. 2)

individual liberty

"Marble cake federalism" is associated with (Ch. 3)

intergovernmental cooperation blurring the lines between different layers of government

What did the Thirteenth Amendment accomplish? (Ch. 4)

it abolished slavery

The demand that there be no taxation without representation is a good example of what political reform of the eighteenth century? (Ch. 1)

more popular influence on government

Which of the following statements best describes naturalization laws in the United States prior to 1870? (Ch. 1)

only free whites could become naturalized citizens

The most common method of passing an amendment to the Constitution is (Ch. 2)

passage in both houses of Congress by a two-thirds vote, followed by a majority vote in three-fourths of the state legislature

The belief that citizens can influence what government does is called ________. (Ch. 1)

political efficacy

Order to be a good citizen it is most critical to possess ______ (ch 1)

political knowledge

The belief that political authority should rest with the people themselves is called ________. (Ch. 1)

popular sovereignty

According to historian Charles Beard, the framers of the Constitution were mostly concerned with (Ch. 2)

promoting their own economic interests

The privileges and immunities clause of Article IV is also referred to as the ________. (Ch. 3)

the comity clause

In general, Americans trust in the government has ______ since the 1960's. (Ch 1)

Fallen sharply

________ orchestrated the Boston Tea Party. (Ch. 2)

Samuel Adams

Under the United States first constitution

There was no president

________ is the strategy of delegating a policy program to a lower level of government. (Ch. 3)

devolution

Colonial protesters of the Stamp Act and the Sugar Act rallied around ________.(Ch. 2)

"no taxation without representation"

In what year was freedom of speech extended to protect against the acts of state governments? (Ch. 4)

1925

In ________, the Supreme Court reinterpreted the commerce clause, changing it from a check on national power to a source of national power. (Ch. 3)

1937

By 1932, ________ percent of the labor force in the United States was unemployed. (Ch. 3)

25

About ____ percent of the American adult population identifies with the Protestant, Catholic, or Jewish faiths. (Ch. 1)

77

Direct democracy is best defined as (ch 1)

A system that allows citizens to vote directly for laws and policies

Which of the following is true regarding constitutional democracies in the world today? (Ch.1)

About 40% of the global population lives in a constitutional democracy

Which of the following is true regarding constitutional democracy's in the world today? (Ch. 1)

About 40% of the global population lives in a constitutional democracy

The existence of slavery in the United States is a good example of how (Ch.1)

American values are not always reflected in practice

Which of the following statements concerning political values in the United States is true? (Ch. 1)

American values often conflict with each other in practice

Which of the following statements is true? (Ch. 1, Views of the Government)

Americans express mixed views about government

Which of the following statements best describes how Americans currently feel about laissez-faire capitalism? (Ch.1)

Americans strongly support capitalism and economic liberty , but they now also now endorse some restrictions on economic freedoms to protect the public

Bergeson federal farmer were to pseudonyms used by the

Anti-federalists

What was the most common form of taxation during the colonial era?

Axes on commercial products and activities

The issue of representation, which threatened to cause the Philadelphia Convention to fail, was resolved by the ________. (Ch. 2)

Connecticut Compromise

Political apathy among Americans hertz which court are political value the most? (Ch 1)

Democracy

________ described politics as "who gets what, when, and how." (Ch.1)

Harold Lasswell

Many Americans blamed ________ for their plight during the Great Depression. (Ch. 3)

Herbert Hoover

The first prerequisite to increasing political efficacy is _____. (Ch. 1)

Increasing political knowledge

How does the US Constitution create a system that underrepresent urban areas? (Ch 1)

It provides the street with two US senators, regardless of population

Who wrote the Supreme Court opinions in both McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)? (Ch. 3)

John Marshall

Framers of the US Constitution attempted to create a government that could do all of the following except

Lead to the eventual inclusion of nonwhites in political life

The constitutions preamble, beginning with the words "we the people" is an illustration of _____. (Ch. 1)

Popular sovereignty

Having some share or say in the composition of a government leadership, how it is organized, or what is policies are going to be is called _____ (ch. 1)

Power

What do people expect from the government? (Ch 1)

Security, education, a seafood supply, information about severe weather, or all of the above

According to the authors of the text what is the main benefit of a constitutional government? (Ch 1)

The government is limited by the rule of law

What is the most important check on majority rule in the United States? (Ch 1)

The rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights

At the Philadelphia Convention, the proposed plan to create a Congress where representation was distributed according to population was called the ________. (Ch. 2)

Virginia Plan

It is important for Americans to have political knowledge so that they will (Ch. 1)

be better able to assess their own interests when making political choices

Montesquieu called ________ the principle of giving each branch of government its own constituency. (Ch. 2)

a mixed regime

Which of the following best reflects the Supreme Court's position on commercial speech, such as advertisements? (Ch. 4)

advertisements receive limited First Amendment protection

The National Origins quota system (Ch. 1)

allowed a large quota of new immigrants from northern European countries but only a small quota of new immigrants from eastern and southern European countries

Today, the federal government is (Ch.1)

an enormous institution that enacts a large number of programs affecting virtually all Americans

Which of the following is an instrument of direct democracy? (Ch. 1)

an initiative

Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools (1992) is important because it (Ch. 4)

asserted that violations of Title IX of the 1972 Education Act could be remedied with monetary damages

________ powers exist when both state and national governments possess a certain level of authority. (Ch. 3)

concurrent

The Supreme Court justices determined that the Affordable Care Act was (Ch. 3)

constitutional under Congresses power to tax

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about the consequences of declining trust in government? (Ch.1)

distrust weakens the governments ability to help people in times of crisis

Which of the following is NOT a liberty protected by the Bill of Rights?(Ch. 4)

equal protection of the laws

Which of the following statements about the structure of American federalism is true? (Ch. 3)

it has contributed to the longevity of the US government by not allowing states to make divisive policy decisions at any point in American history

The fact that federal judges have relied on a discretionary use of the exclusionary rule in recent years means that (Ch. 4)

it is difficult to know whether a defendant will be protected from an illegal search under the Fourth Amendment

What is the main purpose behind the privileges and immunities clause of Article IV? (Ch. 3)

it prevents states from discriminating against nonresidents

Survey data demonstrates that the level of Americans' political knowledge is (Ch. 1)

low and spotty

On the subject of representation, Antifederalists wanted (Ch. 2)

representative bodies that resembled those represented to the highest degree

In the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Congress vastly expanded the role of the executive branch and the credibility of court orders by (Ch. 4)

requiring that federal grants in aid to state and local governments for education be withheld from any school system practicing racial segregation

Desegregating schools in northern states proved to be difficult because (Ch. 4)

segregation in the north was generally de facto, the product of both segregated housing and acts of private discriminations were hard to prove

The process by which the Supreme Court justices have expanded specific parts of the Bill of Rights to protect citizens against state and federal actions is called ________. (Ch. 4)

selective incorporation

According to the authors of the text, which sector of society did not have interests that were important to colonial politics? (Ch. 2)

slaves

Which level of government writes the majority of criminal laws? (Ch. 3)

states governments

The full faith and credit clause of the Constitution requires(Ch. 3)

states to normally honor each others public acts and legal decisions

The Stamp Act was a (Ch. 2)

tax on commerce

The rights of disabled individuals to both access public businesses and not be discriminated against in employment are guaranteed by (Ch. 4)

the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

The Bill of Rights was written because (Ch. 4)

the Antifederalists demanded it as the price of ratification of the Constitution

The events that led to the Revolutionary War were triggered by which of the following?(Ch. 2)

the British raised revenue by increasing the tax rates of colonies

Judicial review is the power of (Ch. 2)

the courts to decide on the constitutionality of actions taken by the other branches of government

Which of the following is NOT true about the U.S. Constitution?(Ch. 2)

the electoral college directly selects the US president

What was one effect of dual federalism during the early republic? (Ch. 3)

the national government was spared the task of making difficult policy decisions, such as the regulation of slavery, because the states did it themselves

Members of Congress have frequently proposed a constitutional amendment to make flag burning a crime because (Ch. 4)

the only way to overturn the Supreme Courts ruling that flag burning is protected speech is through a constitutional amendment

The Federalists believed that the most apparent source of tyranny was ________. (Ch. 2)

the popular majority

The constitutional idea of states' rights was strongest during which historical period? (Ch. 3)

the years immediately preceding the Civil War

Why did local governments become administratively important in the early years of the Republic? (Ch. 3)

they became important because states lacked the administrative capability to implement laws, and relied therefore, on local governments

Why did the delegates at the Philadelphia Convention turn down the idea of including a list of citizens' rights in the Constitution? (Ch. 2)

they believed that since the federal government was already limited to its expressed powers, further protection was not needed

Which of the following powers do state governments NOT have?(Ch. 3)

to coin their own money

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established the right (Ch. 4)

to counsel in felony cases

Which of the following was not discussed as a purpose of government in the Constitution's Preamble? (Ch. 2)

to guarantee an equal distribution of wealth for all citizens

A ________ vote by both houses of Congress, and a ratification vote of ________ of the states are required to amend the U.S. Constitution. (Ch. 2)

two-thirds; three-fourths

Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. (2007) was significant because it (Ch. 4)

ultimately led Congress to pass a new law giving workers expanded rights to sue in cases where they learn of discriminatory treatment well after it has started

Title IX of the 1972 Education Act has had its greatest effect on ________. (Ch. 4)

university athletic programs

Which of the following statements about the United States census is most accurate? (Ch.1)

who officials count and how they are categorized by race and ethnicity have changed significantly throughout American history