American History II Final Test (1)
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire in New York City in 1911 became headline news when:
A fire killed almost 150 female workers
"Oh, if only Abigail Adams had lived to see this day. It may have taken a hundred plus years, Abby, but we got there." The above quotation was most likely from which of the following?
A woman commenting on the passage of the 19th Amendment
A bill that originates with the people rather than with the legislature is known as:
An initiative
The battleship U.S.S. Maine was sunk by:
And explosion aboard the ship
At the time, the most controversial event associated with the Spanish-American War was:
Annexation of the Philippines
Which situation brought about the rapid industry between 1865 and 1900?
Availability of investment capital
The people who found fault with the "Captains of Industry" mostly argued that these men:
Built their corporate wealth and power by exploiting workers
Which of the following issues were not part of Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal?
Care for the poor
Which pair of railroad companies built the first transcontinental railroad?
Central Pacific, Union Pacific
All of the following countries sought colonies in the late 19th Century EXCEPT:
China
The first real immigration restriction legislation targeted those from:
China
Railroads throughout the West were built by:
Chinese immigrants African-Americans and Mexican-Americans Irish immigrants (ALL OF THE ABOVE)
According to this passage, which group was vital to the completion of America's transcontinental railroad?
Chinese laborers
In what way did the nation's immigration policy change in 1882?
Chinese were excluded
President Garfield's assassination helped bring about which of the following?
Civil service reform
Reformers of the late 19th Century supported the Pendleton Act because it promoted:
Civil service reform
The Pendleton Act provided for:
Civil service reform
The U.S naval captain Alfred T. Mahan argued that:
Control of the sea was key to world domination
The diplomacy of President William Howard Taft is most associated with:
Dollar Diplomacy
Under imperialism, a stronger nation tries to:
Dominate weaker nations
Which Constitutional Amendment called for the prohibition of alcohol?
Eighteenth
The Philippine nationalist who led a revolt against the United States after the Spanish-American War was:
Emilio Aguinaldo
The Interstate Commerce Commission was established to:
Encourage interstate cooperation in commercial ventures
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act:
Failed to clearly define a "trust" Was interpreted by the Supreme Court to actually PROTECT businesses instead of regulate them Fined violators up to $5000.00 and one year in jail (ALL OF THE ABOVE)
Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom
Favored small businesses over giant corporations
Living conditions in the dumbbell tenements often meant:
Few windows and little sanitation
What was a major effect of the Agricultural Revolution in the United States during the late 1800s?
Food supplies were increased to feed urban dwellers.
After the Civil War business leaders tried to eliminate competition by:
Forming monopolies or trusts
The American Federation of Labor became the first long-lasting, successful labor union in the United States mainly because it:
Fought for the rights of skilled workers only
America's Open Door policy was essentially an argument to promote
Free trade in China
President Grover Cleveland rejected the annexation of Hawaii because
He felt the Hawaiian people were wronged
Theodore Roosevelt's approach to foreign policy reflected the proverb "Walk softly and carry a big stick" because:
He was willing to negotiate but backed up his negotiations with the power of the American military
After the Civil War, the plentiful supply of unskilled labor in the United States:
Helped to build the nation into an industrial giant
The steel industry owed much to the inventive genius of:
Henry Bessemer
Nativism in the late 19th century was motivated primarily by:
Hostility toward immigrant workers
Which of the following statements expressed Nativist sentiments?
Immigrants take jobs from Americans and should be sent home.
All of the following were important factors in the post-Civil War industrial expansion except:
Immigration restrictions
The main purpose of the initiative, referendum, and recall was to:
Increase citizens' control over state and local government
In the United States, the main purpose of anti-trust legislation was to:
Increase competition in business
The Haymarket Square bombing in 1886 resulted in:
Intensified animosity toward labor unions
What government agency was created in order to regulate railroad rates and promote fair business practices?
Interstate Commerce Commission
Why was the Homestead Act of 1862 so important?
It encouraged settlement of the west.
One of the reasons the the Knights of Labor failed was that:
It lacked class consciousness and represented both skilled and unskilled workers
What was the main point of Helen Hunt Jackson's book, Century of Dishonor?
It outlined the poor treatment of the Native Americans by the government.
Who were the "new immigrants" who poured into the United States between 1890 and 1920?
Italians, Russians, and Poles
In the Gentlemen's Agreement
Japan agrees to limit Japanese immigration to the United States in return for the San Francisco Board of Education's promise to stop segregating Japanese children
In 1905 President Theodore Roosevelt presided over a conference in Portsmouth, NH which mediated a dispute between
Japan and Russia
At the turn of the 20th century, why did most immigrants settle in eastern cities?
Jobs were readily available
The U.S. Secretary of State who referred to the Spanish-American War as a "splendid little war" was:
John Hay
The Roosevelt Corollary added a new provision to the Monroe Doctrine that was specifically designed to
Justify U.S. intervention in the affairs of Latin America
Many wealthy American industrialists of the late 19th century used the theory of Social Darwinism to:
Justify monopolistic actions
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was first used to curb the power of:
Labor Unions
All of the following led to the South's late economic development EXCEPT:
Lack of natural resources and waterways
Which term best describes the United States economic policy during the era of the rise of big business (1865-1900)?
Laissez-faire economics
Theodore Roosevelt's "Big Stick" diplomacy was applied mostly to:
Latin and America
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Legalized strikes and peaceful picketing
Progressive reformers were mainly men and women from the
Middle class
Which is an accurate statement about female factory workers in 1900?
Most were young
Alfred T Mahan argued that to protect its trade, a nation would have to build up its:
Navy
Where were most immigrant neighborhoods located?
Near factories where jobs were available
Which Constitutional Amendment finally gave women the right to vote in national elections?
Nineteenth
What improvements in working conditions was Florence Kelley instrumental in promoting?
Prohibiting child labor and limiting the number of hours women could work
The law that was passed stating that ingredients must be places on labels to protect the consumer was the:
Pure Food and Drug Act
What was the source of conflict between railroads and farmers during the late 19th century?
Railroads unfairly charged high prices for shipping goods.
In response to the demands of farmers and small business owners, Congress enacted laws in the late 19th century that:
Regulated activities of the railroads
During the age of industrialization, the South:
Remained overwhelmingly rural and agricultural
The Boxer Rebellion was an attempt by Chinese nationalists to:
Remove foreigners from China
In 1902 President Theodore Roosevelt intervened in the Anthracite Coal strike by:
Requiring the owners to submit to arbitration
Political bosses and precincts typically performed all of the following functions except:
Running settlement houses to aid the immigrants
Labor unions in the late 19th Century:
Saw few gains for the workers
Most new immigrants in the late 19th century
Settled in ethnic neighborhoods
Which Constitutional Amendment allowed for the direct election of Senators?
Seventeenth
What is the best title for this series of maps?
Shifting Frontier of the United States
Which Constitutional Amendment called for the passage of a federal income tax?
Sixteenth
"The growth of large business in merely the survival of the fittest. This is not an evil tendency in business. It is merely the working out of the law of nature and a law of God." John D. Rockefeller The above quotation is an example of:
Social Darwinism
The ideas of natural selection and survival of the fittest, when applied to business and economic activity, are referred to as:
Social Darwinism
The Progressive Movement regarded all of the following as worthy goals except:
Supporting the growth of big business
The Teller Amendment asserted that the United States had no desire to:
Take over and control Cuba
Which of the following is most associated with urban politics of the late 1800s?
Tammany Hall
All of the following were labor unions in the late 19th century except:
The Grange/ Patrons of Husbandry
Along with the Elkins Act, which of the following acts of legislation helped to further regulate the railroads?
The Hepburn Act
From 1899 to 1902, American soldiers fought a war in:
The Philippines
The period from the beginning of the 20th Century that saw increased calls for reform and a number of changes on government was known as:
The Progressive Era
The rapid growth of industry helped to fuel imperial growth because:
The United States was producing too many goods and needed to find markets for their manufactured products
What was the Roosevelt Corollary?
The United States would use military force if necessary
All of the following contributed to the outbreak of war between the United States and Spain except:
The assassination of a Spanish official
What was the result of the process described in this quotation?
The disappearance of their economic base helped drive Native American Indians onto reservations
Which conclusion is most clearly supported by the information in the map?
The federal government promoted transcontinental railroad construction.
Changes in urban life in the late 1800s led to the development of which of the following?
The field of urban planning
One reason that Congress enacted the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887 was the:
The formation of corporations such as U.S. Steel and Standard Oil
The United States changed to standard time zones when:
The major rail lines decreed common fixed times so that they could keep schedules and avoid wrecks
In The Jungle, Upton Sinclair exposed:
The unsanitary conditions of the meat packing industry
On what basis did reformers seek the prohibition of alcohol?
They believed that alcohol was responsible for crime, poverty, and violence against women
In the late 19th century corporations that expanded through "vertical integration" did which of the following?
They combined many different businesses related to their primary work
In the period from 1860 to 1890, which experience was shared by most Native Americans living in western states?
They were forced to live on reservations
One reason that American "sugar lords" tried to overthrow native Hawaiian rule and annex the islands to the United States was
They were hoping to circumvent the oppressive McKinley Tariff and maximize their profits
Which best describes the goals of the settlement houses and the Social Gospel Movement?
To improve the living conditions of the poor
What was the intended purpose of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
To stop trusts from unfairly limiting competition
Which of the following statements concerning the period 1865-1900 is not true?
US textile and iron production tapered off
"Machine politics" was:
Urban politics controlled by a boss of an unofficial political organization
During the Spanish-American War the United States took some form of control over all of the following areas except:
Venezuela
Political machines provided economic services in exchange for which of the following?
Votes
States in which area of the country were first to give women the right to vote?
West
Why did Chinese immigrants face violence on the West Coast?
Whites blamed them for taking "white jobs"
Republicans who opposed bimetallism would have most likely voted for which of the following candidates in the Election of 1896?
William McKinley
Which of the following was not considered to be one of the Progressive presidents?
William McKinley
Labor unions favored immigration restrictions because most immigrants were all of the following except:
Willing to work for lower wages
Muckrakers were:
Writers and journalists
Sensationalized newspaper headings that became popular during this era were referred to as:
Yellow journalism
The Populists believed that most of the United States economic problems would be solved by establishing
currency reform
In the late 1800's, the goal of the Federal Government's policy toward Native American Indians was to
destroy tribal bonds and thus weaken their traditional cultural values
In the late 19th century, farmers desired "cheap money" policies because farmers believed that rising prices for their crops would
enable them to pay back their loans more easily
The passage of the Dawes Act in 1887 was primarily an attempt by the United States government to
encourage Native American Indians to give up their traditional cultures
"I once was a tool of oppression, As green as a sucker could be. And monopolies banded together, To beat a poor hayseed like me." -- Populist Party song (1892) Most of the supporters of the movement symbolized by this song were
farmers
"Up to our own day American history is the history of the colonization of the Great West. The existence of an area of free land, . . . and the advance of American settlement westward explain American development." This quotation of the 1890's suggests that the American frontier
has had a positive effect on the growth of the United States
In the second half of the 19th century, agriculture in the United States was transformed most by the
increase in the use of farm machinery
In this statement, Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce expressed his reluctant acceptance of a government policy of
placing Native American Indian tribes on reservations
Settlement of the Great Plains Creation of standard time zones Establishment of the first federal regulatory agency Introduction of new methods of business management and finance These developments in the late 19th century show the importance of
railroads on the development of the United States
"Transportation being a means of exchange and a public necessity, the government should own and operate the railroads in the interest of the people." (1892) Which group showed the greatest support for this idea?
western farmers
What groups' need did Theodore Roosevelt feel should be balanced in his Square Deal?
workers, business, and consumers
