Anatomy 1 chapter 6: Blood Composition

Components of Plasma

01. % Glucose 0.6% Lipids 0.8% Salts(NA)m 6-8 % Proteins 92% Water

2 substances that inhibit Clotting

1) Antithrombin (a protein) 2) Antiprothrombin aka Heparin( An antibody)

What are the shape, lifespan, and function of Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)

1) Biconcave 2) 120 Days 3) Transport Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide ** Lacks Nucleus ***Most NUMEROUS of formed elements

3 Types of Hemoglobin Molecules ?

1) Oxy-hemoglobin 2) Carbamino-hemoglobin 3) Carboxy-hemoglobin

5 Characteristics of Blood regarding Color,Viscosity, PH, Quantity, Tissue Type

1) Red 2) Viscosity- 4.5-5.5 times thicker than H20 3) PH- 7.35-7.45 4) Quantity- 5 quarts in human Body 5) Tissue Type- liquid connective tissue/vascular tissue

5 Substances that promote Clotting

1) Thromboplaastin aka thrombokinase aka cephalin 2) Prothrombin(a protein) 3) Calcium( Ca, a mineral) 4) Fibrinogen (protein found in plasma) 5) Vitamin K ****

6 Functions of Blood

1) transport Oxygen,Carbon Dioxide, nutrients, wastes & hormones 2) regulates body temperature 3) controls the bodies PH 4) Maintains water balance 5) defends against disease via white blood cells 6) prevents hemorrhaging( bleeding out) via platelets

Eosinophils aka Acidophils

A type of white blood cell that will increase in amount during chronic infection release histamines

Carboxy-hemoglobin forms from ?

Carbon Monoxide & Hemoglobin

Carbamino-hemoglobin forms from ?

Carbon dioxide & Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin

Erythrocytes contain a molecule called ? Responsible for the color of the blood.

What are the 3 types of formed elements(corpuscles)

Erythrocytes(Red Blood Cells) Leucocytes( White Blood Cells) Thrombocytes

The two parts of our blood are composed of ?

Formed elements aka Corpuscles Plasma

What are two types of White Blood Cells ?

Granulocytes & Agranulocytes

2 portions of Hemoglobin and contents ?

Hem - non protein portion contains (FE) Iron Globin- protein portion; contains protein

Leucocytes aka Leukocytes(WBC's) Life Span, Function, & characteristics ?

Lifespan varies Function - Fight infection and disease Does NOT contain Hemoglobin **** Contains a Nucleus 2 types of WBC's

2 types of Agranulocytes ?

Lymphocytes Monocytes

Three types of Granulocytes

Neutrophils aka Polymorphonuclear aka Polys Eosinophils aka Acidophils Basophils

Oxy-hemoglobin forms from ?

Oxygen + Iron(FE) Ion in Hemoglobin

Hemolysis

Process by which a red blood cell , when placed in a hypotonic solution will swell and burst

Crentaion

Process by which a red blood cell, when placed in a hypertonic solution will shrink and die

Thrombopoiesis

Process of producing thrombocytes aka platelets

Erythropoiesis and Hematopoiesis both occur in ?

Red Bone Marrow

Proteins in Plasma are comprised of ?

Serum Albumin- aids in regulating osmotic pressure Serum Globulin- aids in immunity **Fibrinogen-Aids in clotting process

Thrombocytes aka Platelets

Shape:Round Lifespan: Varies Function: Aides in blood clotting Does NOT contain a Nucleus SMALLEST of the formed elements develops in red bone marrow

Formed Elements/ Corpuscles Definition

The cell or solid portion of blood. This makes up 45% of the volume of blood

Plasma

The liquid portion of blood it is straw/amber colored

Plasma definition ?

The liquid portion of the blood -makes up 55% of the volume of blood.

Serology

The study of blood serum

Neutrophils aka Polymorphonuclear aka Polys

Type of granulocute that digests harmful bacteria are the most numerous WBC

Lymphocytes

increase during a viral infection help form antibodies at the site of inflammation

Basophils

increase during chronic infection and during healing of chronic infection.

Granulocytes & Agranulocytes develop where ?

myeloid tissue of the red bone marrow

Hematopoiesis aka Hemopoiesis

process of producing blood cells

Serum

the fluid that remains after a blood clot has formed; plasma-clotting factor

Coagulation

the process of blood clotting

Erythropoiesis Definition ?

the process of producing red blood cells

Leukopoiesis

the process of producing white blood cells This occurs in red bone marrow

Hematology

the study of blood

Fibrin

thread of a gel-like substance that forms over a cut fibrin can be seen with the unaided eye- it's the little lines/threads on a scab

Agranulocytes definition

white blood cells that DO NOT have tiny granules in their cytoplasm; also develop within the myeloid tissue of the red bone marrow.

Granulocytes Definition

white blood cells that have tiny granules in their cytoplasm

Where do Granulocytes develop ?

within the myeloid(muscle) tissue of the red bone marrow

Diapedesis

ability of a white blood cell to move through an unbroken capillary wall

Function of Plasma ?

carry blood cells, clotting proteins/factors,nutrients, waste products, antibodies, hormones and other proteins throughout the circulatory system

Monocytes

digest cellular debris & foreign particles "clean up crew"