Anatomy & physiology ch 1 test

Organ system

A group of organs which work together to perform a given function

Tissue

A group of similar cells which work together to perform a specific function

Axillary

Arm pit

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body

A system that holds the heart and blood vessels and blood and functions in the transport of the material and gases throughout the body, also aids in our immune system

Circulatory system

Proximal

Closer to the point of attachment ( only are or legs)

a system that consist of several hollow organs which are responsible for the breakdown of food molecules in the absorption of these molecules into the bloodstream.

Digestive system

A body system that involves parts of the brain and several organs we called glands. The glans create and secrete hormones

Endocrine

Scientific term - upper leg

Femoral , thigh

What body plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sides?

Frontal plane

Scientific term - big toe

Hallux

a system that is the skin and all accessory structures that provides protection of chemicals and temperature

Integumentary system

Define homeostasis

Maintaining a stable internal environment

Bilateral symmetry

Means right and left sides of the body are mirror images

a system that has muscles in a cardiac muscle, provides movement, pushes food materials through digestive tract, controls blood pressure, provides heat, pumps blood through out the body

Muscular system

What control mechanism do virtually all of our body systems use to maintain homeostasis?

Negative feedback ex. When the room gets colder your body shivers to maintain the constant body temperature.

A system that holds the brain spinal cord and peripheral nerves which communication between different parts of the body, controls most of the other body systems, stores and integrates information, responsible for sensory input for the body, the most complex of the body systems

Nervous system

Scientific term - palm of the hand

Palmer

Scientific term - bottom of the foot

Plantar

Scientific term - thumb

Pollex

How is positive feedback different from negative feedback?

Positive feedback bolsters the stimulus, increasing productivity. Negative feedback reduces the effect of the stimulus, decreasing productivity. ex positive feedback- contractions in childbirth, ripening of fruit.

a system that holds female ovaries uterus vagina and some accessory glands. In male testes scrotum penis prostate gland and some accessory glands. To procreate the species, produce sex hormones which are responsible for the sexual characteristics for each sex.

Reproductive system

a system that has lungs and is it's the ways that carry air, it is responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the circulatory system.

Respiratory system

What body plane separates the body in equal left and right halves?

Sagittal plane

A system that holds bones joints and are related structures which support the body, acts as levers for movement, produces blood cells, and stores minerals

Skeletal system

Scientific term - ankle

Tarsal

Parietal

The lining of the internal body wall

visceral

The outer covering of a internal organ

Biochemistry

The study of the chemical reactions that occur during a physiological reaction

Histology

The study of the different tissues which make up the body

Anatomy

The study of the form and shape of an organism

Cytology

The study of the structures and organelles of a cell

Morphology

The study of the structures of an organism and how they relate to one another.

Scientific term - chest

Thoracic

anatomical position

To stand straight with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward

medial

Toward the midline of the body

What body plane divides the body into superior inferior sides?

Transverse plane

Organ

Two or more tissues that work together perform a function

a system that holds kidneys ureters urinary bladder and urethra, removes hydrogenous waste products from the blood , And stores urine and passes it outside the body and reabsorption of the water electrolytes and helps buffer the pH levels of the blood

Urinary system

Abdominal

abdomen

Scientific term- shoulder

acromial

tarsal

ankle

Brachial

arm (upper)

List the organization of multicellular organisms from simple to most complex

atoms molecules organelles cells tissues organs organ systems the human organism

Distal

away from the point of attachment

Deep

away from the surface or further into the body

Dorsal

back

Olecranial

back of elbow

hallux

big toe

Mammory

breast

Scientific term - wrist

carpal

Scientific term- Head

cephalic

Scientific term- neck

cervical

Buccal

cheek

Thoracic

chest

Sternum

chest bone

mental

chin

Superficial

closer to the surface of the body

Directions? Toes to ankle

distal

otic

ear

Ocular

eye

Digits

fingers, toes

Pedal

foot

Antecubital

forearm

Ventral

front

Scientific term - stomach

gastro

Scientific term - lower leg posterior

gastrocnemius

Inguinal

groin

Manual

hand

Patellar

kneecap (front of knee)

Scientific term - anterior knee

kneecap (patella)

Crurul

leg

Lumbar

loin, lower back

Scientific term - lower back

lumbar region of the spine

The body system that is made up of a couple of organs and vessels throughout the body which are responsible for the return of the fluid to the bloodstream and also in the development of our immune system.

lymphatic system

Oral

mouth

Umbilical

navel, belly button

Cervical

neck

Nasal

nose

Palmer

palm

Pelvic

pelvis

Scientific term - posterior knee

popliteal fossa kneepit

Pubic

pubis

crural region

shin

Acromial

shoulder

Cranial

skull

Pathology

study of disease

Genetics

the study of heredity. The passing of traits from parent to offspring

Physiology

the study of the physical and chemical events that occur during a function of life.

Femoral

thigh

femoral region

thigh area

Scientific term - middle back

thoracic spine

Pollex

thumb

Scientific term - lower leg anterior

tibialis

Posterior

to the back

Dorsal

to the back The top side of a quadrupled which corresponds with posterior in humans.

Anterior

to the front

Superior

toward the head

Ventral

towards the front Direction pertaining to the bottom side or the side closest to the ground in a quadrupled, which corresponds to anterior in humans.

carpal

wrist