Anatomy & physiology ch 1 test
Organ system
A group of organs which work together to perform a given function
Tissue
A group of similar cells which work together to perform a specific function
Axillary
Arm pit
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body
A system that holds the heart and blood vessels and blood and functions in the transport of the material and gases throughout the body, also aids in our immune system
Circulatory system
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment ( only are or legs)
a system that consist of several hollow organs which are responsible for the breakdown of food molecules in the absorption of these molecules into the bloodstream.
Digestive system
A body system that involves parts of the brain and several organs we called glands. The glans create and secrete hormones
Endocrine
Scientific term - upper leg
Femoral , thigh
What body plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sides?
Frontal plane
Scientific term - big toe
Hallux
a system that is the skin and all accessory structures that provides protection of chemicals and temperature
Integumentary system
Define homeostasis
Maintaining a stable internal environment
Bilateral symmetry
Means right and left sides of the body are mirror images
a system that has muscles in a cardiac muscle, provides movement, pushes food materials through digestive tract, controls blood pressure, provides heat, pumps blood through out the body
Muscular system
What control mechanism do virtually all of our body systems use to maintain homeostasis?
Negative feedback ex. When the room gets colder your body shivers to maintain the constant body temperature.
A system that holds the brain spinal cord and peripheral nerves which communication between different parts of the body, controls most of the other body systems, stores and integrates information, responsible for sensory input for the body, the most complex of the body systems
Nervous system
Scientific term - palm of the hand
Palmer
Scientific term - bottom of the foot
Plantar
Scientific term - thumb
Pollex
How is positive feedback different from negative feedback?
Positive feedback bolsters the stimulus, increasing productivity. Negative feedback reduces the effect of the stimulus, decreasing productivity. ex positive feedback- contractions in childbirth, ripening of fruit.
a system that holds female ovaries uterus vagina and some accessory glands. In male testes scrotum penis prostate gland and some accessory glands. To procreate the species, produce sex hormones which are responsible for the sexual characteristics for each sex.
Reproductive system
a system that has lungs and is it's the ways that carry air, it is responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the circulatory system.
Respiratory system
What body plane separates the body in equal left and right halves?
Sagittal plane
A system that holds bones joints and are related structures which support the body, acts as levers for movement, produces blood cells, and stores minerals
Skeletal system
Scientific term - ankle
Tarsal
Parietal
The lining of the internal body wall
visceral
The outer covering of a internal organ
Biochemistry
The study of the chemical reactions that occur during a physiological reaction
Histology
The study of the different tissues which make up the body
Anatomy
The study of the form and shape of an organism
Cytology
The study of the structures and organelles of a cell
Morphology
The study of the structures of an organism and how they relate to one another.
Scientific term - chest
Thoracic
anatomical position
To stand straight with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward
medial
Toward the midline of the body
What body plane divides the body into superior inferior sides?
Transverse plane
Organ
Two or more tissues that work together perform a function
a system that holds kidneys ureters urinary bladder and urethra, removes hydrogenous waste products from the blood , And stores urine and passes it outside the body and reabsorption of the water electrolytes and helps buffer the pH levels of the blood
Urinary system
Abdominal
abdomen
Scientific term- shoulder
acromial
tarsal
ankle
Brachial
arm (upper)
List the organization of multicellular organisms from simple to most complex
atoms molecules organelles cells tissues organs organ systems the human organism
Distal
away from the point of attachment
Deep
away from the surface or further into the body
Dorsal
back
Olecranial
back of elbow
hallux
big toe
Mammory
breast
Scientific term - wrist
carpal
Scientific term- Head
cephalic
Scientific term- neck
cervical
Buccal
cheek
Thoracic
chest
Sternum
chest bone
mental
chin
Superficial
closer to the surface of the body
Directions? Toes to ankle
distal
otic
ear
Ocular
eye
Digits
fingers, toes
Pedal
foot
Antecubital
forearm
Ventral
front
Scientific term - stomach
gastro
Scientific term - lower leg posterior
gastrocnemius
Inguinal
groin
Manual
hand
Patellar
kneecap (front of knee)
Scientific term - anterior knee
kneecap (patella)
Crurul
leg
Lumbar
loin, lower back
Scientific term - lower back
lumbar region of the spine
The body system that is made up of a couple of organs and vessels throughout the body which are responsible for the return of the fluid to the bloodstream and also in the development of our immune system.
lymphatic system
Oral
mouth
Umbilical
navel, belly button
Cervical
neck
Nasal
nose
Palmer
palm
Pelvic
pelvis
Scientific term - posterior knee
popliteal fossa kneepit
Pubic
pubis
crural region
shin
Acromial
shoulder
Cranial
skull
Pathology
study of disease
Genetics
the study of heredity. The passing of traits from parent to offspring
Physiology
the study of the physical and chemical events that occur during a function of life.
Femoral
thigh
femoral region
thigh area
Scientific term - middle back
thoracic spine
Pollex
thumb
Scientific term - lower leg anterior
tibialis
Posterior
to the back
Dorsal
to the back The top side of a quadrupled which corresponds with posterior in humans.
Anterior
to the front
Superior
toward the head
Ventral
towards the front Direction pertaining to the bottom side or the side closest to the ground in a quadrupled, which corresponds to anterior in humans.
carpal
wrist