anatomy and physiology chapter 6 test banks
19) The Staphylococcus infection of the skin that causes pink, water-filled, raised lesions is known as ________. A) impetigo B) cold sores C) psoriasis D) contact dermatitis
A
3) Synovial fluid reduces friction ________. A) in movable joints such as the knee B) between the visceral and parietal layers of serous membranes C) inside the lungs D) as the heart beats E) around the brain
A
32) Sebum is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) body temperature regulation B) makes the skin oilier during adolescence C) kills bacteria on the skin's surface D) keeps the skin soft and moist E) prevents hair follicles from brittleness
A
33) A genetic switch turns on male pattern baldness in response to ________. A) age B) size C) weight D) male hormones E) female hormones
A
4) Which of the following is a connective tissue membrane? A) synovial membrane B) cutaneous membrane C) mucous membrane D) serous membrane E) pleural membrane
A
8) The ________ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints. A) synovial B) serous C) mucous D) cutaneous
A
8) Which of the following is a vital function of the skin? A) It converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D. B) It aids in the transport of materials throughout the body. C) The cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy. D) It absorbs vitamin C so that the skin will not be subject to diseases. E) It aids in desiccation.
A
13) Stratum corneum
A) Superficial layer of the epidermis made of 20-30 cell layers of dead, keratin-filled cells
1) Malignant melanoma
A) cancer of melanocytes
21) Type of membrane that secretes fluids around organs
A) serous membrane
22) Type of membrane that contains a visceral and a parietal layer
A) serous membrane
25) Peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura are examples of this type of membrane
A) serous membrane
10) The epidermis is composed of ________. A) simple columnar epithelium B) stratified squamous epithelium C) adipose tissue D) areolar tissue E) dense fibrous connective tissue
B
14) The type of burn that involves injury to the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis and is red, blistered, and painful is termed as a ________-degree burn. A) first B) second C) third D) fourth
B
14) Which of the following homeostatic imbalances is caused by a herpes simplex infection? A) athlete's foot B) cold sores C) impetigo D) contact dermatitis E) cyanosis
B
15) The white, cheesy-looking substance that is produced by the sebaceous glands and protects a baby's skin while it is floating in its water-filled sac inside the mother is called ________. A) lanugo B) vernix caseosa C) milia D) vellus
B
17) People who produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is ________. A) green B) brown C) blue D) pink E) orange
B
18) The layer of the serous membrane that covers an organ is known as the ________ layer. A) bursa B) visceral C) lamina propria D) parietal
B
20) The type of gland responsible for body temperature regulation is the ________ gland. A) sebaceous B) eccrine (sweat or sudoriferous) C) apocrine (sweat or sudoriferous) D) oil
B
25) The secretions of the eccrine glands are ________. A) primarily uric acid B) mostly water, sodium chloride, and trace amounts of wastes, lactic acid, and vitamin C C) fatty substances, proteins, antibodies, and trace amounts of minerals and vitamins D) solely metabolic wastes E) basic
B
27) Hairs are found associated with the ________. A) palms of the hands B) axillary region C) lips D) nipples E) soles of the feet
B
29) What skin disorder is recognized using the ABCD rule? A) squamous cell carcinoma B) melanoma C) psoriasis D) basal cell carcinoma E) impetigo
B
5) The only dry membrane is the ________. A) synovial membrane B) cutaneous membrane C) mucous membrane D) serous membrane E) basement membrane
B
7) The pleura and pericardium are examples of ________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior. A) mucous B) serous C) cutaneous D) synovial
B
7) The skin and its derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the ________. A) skeletal system B) integumentary system C) endocrine system D) immune system E) lymphatic system
B
15) Keratinocyte
B) Cell commonly found in the epidermis that produces keratin
6) Squamous cell carcinoma
B) cancer of stratum spinosum cells
23) Type of membrane that lines the fibrous capsules surrounding joints
B) synovial membrane
10) The outermost layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum ________. A) basale B) granulosum C) corneum D) spinosum
C
11) Jan got her microscope slides mixed up in lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as the ________. A) epidermis B) papillary layer of the dermis C) subcutaneous tissue D) reticular layer of the dermis E) stratum corneum
C
12) The two main layers of skin are ________. A) papillary layer and reticular layer B) stratum basale and dermis C) epidermis and dermis D) stratum corneum and dermis E) epidermis and hypodermis
C
13) "Goosebumps" are caused by contractions of the ________. A) eccrine glands B) synovial membranes C) arrector pili muscles D) apocrine glands
C
23) Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin? A) vitamin A B) vitamin C C) vitamin D D) vitamin E E) vitamin K
C
24) Nails are composed of ________. A) melanin B) hemoglobin C) keratin D) sebum E) carotene
C
6) Where are mucous membranes found? A) lining joint cavities B) covering the heart C) lining the inside of the stomach D) covering the brain E) lining the abdominal cavity wall
C
18) Stratum basale
C) Deepest layer of the epidermis that is situated closest to the dermis
20) Type of membrane adapted for absorption or secretion
C) mucous membrane
24) Type of membrane that lines open body cavities
C) mucous membrane
9) Impetigo
C) staphylococcus bacterial infection causing water-filled lesions, commonly around the mouth and nose
1) Which membrane is constructed of a visceral and parietal layer? A) synovial B) cutaneous C) mucous D) serous E) peritoneum
D
11) The three pigments that contribute to skin color are ________, ________, and ________. A) collagen; elastic; keratin B) melanin; jaundice; erythema C) sebum; sweat; urea D) melanin; carotene; hemoglobin
D
16) Hair color is due to a pigment known as ________. A) hemoglobin B) carotene C) keratin D) melanin
D
19) Which of the following kills bacteria and prevents bacterial invasions of the skin? A) sweat B) hemoglobin C) keratin D) sebum E) melanin
D
2) The deepest layer of the serous membrane covering the outer surface of the heart is the ________. A) parietal pericardium B) visceral pleura C) synovial layer D) visceral pericardium E) peritoneum
D
20) Nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis) through the process of ________. A) absorption B) evaporation C) filtration D) diffusion E) osmosis
D
21) Which of the following letters in the ABCD rule for recognizing melanomas is incorrect? A) A stands for asymmetry B) B stands for border irregularity C) C stands for color D) D stands for diagnosis
D
22) In order to warm the body up when cold ________. A) vitamin D is synthesized B) sudoriferous glands release sweat C) sebaceous glands release oil D) the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright E) melanin is produced
D
28) Which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders? A) cyanosis B) pallor C) erythema D) jaundice E) bruising
D
30) A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by ________. A) measuring urinary output and fluid intake B) observing the tissues that are usually moist C) blood analysis D) using the "rule of nines" E) performing enzyme studies
D
9) The part of a hair that projects from the surface of the scalp or skin is called the ________. A) follicle B) root C) cuticle D) shaft
D
14) Papillary layer of dermis
D) Upper layer of the dermis that forms dermal papillae
19) Type of membrane that forms the skin
D) cutaneous membrane
11) Acne
D) infection of the sebaceous gland and the formation of pimples
16) The layer of the epidermis in which cells die because of their inability to get nutrients and oxygen is the clear layer called ________. A) stratum spinosum B) stratum granulosum C) stratum basale D) stratum corneum E) stratum lucidum
E
21) Fingerprints and footprints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in the ________. A) reticular layer of the dermis B) subcutaneous tissue C) stratum lucidum D) hypodermis E) papillary layer of the dermis
E
26) The secretion of sweat is stimulated ________. A) by high temperatures B) when the air temperature drops C) by hormones, especially male sex hormones D) as a protective coating when one is swimming E) both by high temperatures and by hormones, especially male hormones
E
31) Which of the following is an indication of melanoma? A) a symmetrical mole B) a pigmented spot that has smooth borders C) a spot on the skin that is smaller than the size of a pencil eraser D) a pigmented spot that is black E) a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors
E
9) Although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. This substance is ________. A) serous fluid B) melanin C) mucus D) carotene E) keratin
E
17) Melanocyte
E) Cell that produces a pigment known as melanin
2) Dermatitis
E) skin inflammation
16) Subcutaneous tissue
F) Hypodermis
8) Boils and carbuncles
F) inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands
10) Sebaceous glands release sweat to help control body temperature.
FALSE
11) Sebaceous glands may be classified as eccrine or apocrine depending on their locations.
FALSE
14) The reason that the nail bed appears pink is the presence of a large number of melanocytes in the underlying dermis.
FALSE
15) Joe just burned his hand on a hot pot. A blister forms and the burn is painful; Joe's burn would best be described as a third-degree, or full-thickness, burn.
FALSE
18) The ABCD rule is used for classifying burns.
FALSE
19) Milia is most common during old age when secretions accumulate in the sebaceous glands.
FALSE
2) Serous membranes line and lubricate joint cavities such as the knee.
FALSE
3) When an individual is exposed to extremely low air temperatures, the capillaries of the skin will dilate so that blood will flush into skin capillary beds and heat will be dissipated.
FALSE
9) Collagen and elastic fibers are common in the epidermis of the skin.
FALSE
12) Epidermal dendritic cell
G) Cell responsible for alerting and activating an immune response to a bacterial or viral invasion
5) Basal cell carcinoma
G) malignancy of the lowest epidermal layer
7) First-degree burn
H) burn in which only the epidermis becomes red and swollen
3) Dandruff
I) dry, dead flakes of stratum corneum
4) Herpes simplex
J) virus that produces cold sores
10) Third-degree, or full-thickness, burn
K) full thickness burn of the skin in which the skin becomes blackened or blanched (gray-white)
12) The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ________ glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts. A) exocrine B) endocrine C) serous D) mucous
A
13) A needle pierces through the epidermal layers of the forearm in the following order: 1. stratum basale 2. stratum corneum 3. stratum granulosum 4. stratum lucidum 5. stratum spinosum A) 2, 3, 5, 1, 4 B) 1, 5, 3, 4, 2 C) 2, 4, 3, 5, 1 D) 1, 3, 5, 2, 4 E) 2, 3, 4, 1, 5
A
15) The "tanning" effect (darkening of the skin) that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to ________. A) melanin B) keratin C) oil D) Langerhans cells E) sweat
A
17) The white crescent area located over the nail matrix is called the ________. A) lunule B) cuticle C) matrix D) bed
A
18) A splinter penetrates to the deepest layer of the epidermis on your foot. This layer is the ________. A) stratum basale B) stratum corneum C) stratum granulosum D) stratum lucidum E) stratum spinosum
A
1) Cutaneous membranes are the only dry membranes.
TRUE
12) Hair is produced by the hair bulb and is composed primarily of dead keratinized cells.
TRUE
13) Nails and hair are composed of keratin.
TRUE
16) The rule of nines is used to estimate how much of the body surface is burned.
TRUE
17) Apocrine gland secretions are normally odorless, and may be milky or yellowish in color.
TRUE
20) Squamous cell carcinoma arises from cells of the stratum spinosum.
TRUE
4) The dermis is composed mostly of dense connective tissue.
TRUE
5) The pinkish hue of healthy individuals with fair skin is the result of the crimson color of oxygenated hemoglobin circulating in the dermal capillaries and reflecting through the dermis.
TRUE
6) The pattern that produces fingerprints is produced by dermal papillae in the dermis.
TRUE
7) The epidermis is made up of stratified squamous epithelium.
TRUE
8) The majority of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes.
TRUE