Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 7 Bone Tissue test review questions
48. Calcium plays an essential role in all of the following except
DNA synthesis.
28. Which of these is an inorganic component of the bone matrix?
Hydroxyapatite
31. ____________ provide(s) hardness to bones, whereas ____________ provide(s) some degree of flexibility.
Hydroxyapatite and other minerals; proteins
55. Arteriosclerosis is one example of ectopic ossification, which means
abnormal calcification of a tissue.
47. Phosphate is necessary for all of the following except
amino acids.
56. If a thyroid tumor secreted an excessive amount of calcitonin, we would expect
an elevated level of osteoblast activity.
23. The expanded head at each end of a long bone is called
an epiphysies.
41. Mature bones are remodeled throughout life by employing
appositional growth.
42. Bone elongation is a result of
cartilage growth.
59. A fracture in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces is called a __________ fracture.
comminuted
17. Osseous tissue is a(an) ____________ tissue.
connective
18. These are all tissues that make up a long bone except
transitional epithelium.
40. Chondrocytes multiply in this zone of the metaphysis.
zone of cell proliferation
50. ____________ is synthesized by the combined action of the skin, kidneys, and liver, and is important to the deposition of bone.
Calcitriol
25. _____________ are bone-forming cells.
Osteoblasts
32. ___________ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings of the plasma membrane, whereas ____________ have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic processes.
Osteoclasts; osteocytes
35. _______________ are common in compact bone but rarely seen in spongy bone.
Osteocytes
65. ____________ affects more people than any other bone disease.
Osteoporosis
52. ____________ does not put women at risk of hypocalcemia.
Removal of the thyroid gland
45. _____________ is the process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream.
Resorption
58. Osteoporosis is most common in elderly women because of the lack of ___________, which would otherwise inhibit ____________.
estrogen; osteoclast activity
36. Intramembranous ossification produces the
flat bones of the skull.
63. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the healing of a bone fracture?
hematoma formation soft callus formation hard callus formation bone remodeling
37. Endochondral ossification is a precursor made of _____________ is replaced by bone.
hyaline cartilage.
62. A pathologic fracture
is a break in a bone weakened by some other disease.
49. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) does not
lower blood calcium.
43. Wolff's law of bone explains the effect of
mechanical stress on bone remodeling.
38. The _____________ is a marginal zone of the epiphyseal plate where, in children and adolescents, bone can be seen replacing the hyaline cartilage.
metaphysis
61. Bone protrudes through skin in a fracture called
open.
34. Which one of the following bone cells would have the greatest number of lysosomes?
osteoclasts
26. When ____________ become enclosed in lacunae, they become cells called _____________.
osteocytes; osteoclasts
53. Blood Ca2+ deficiency stimulates __________ secretion, which leads to _____________.
parathyroid hormone; increased osteoclast activity
24. A bone is covered externally with a sheath called ______________, whereas the internal surface is lined with _____________.
periosteum; endosteum
60. The result of calcium and phosphate levels in blood too low for normal deposition is a softness of the bones called ___________ in children and ___________ in adults.
rickets; osteomalacia
19. The four groups of bones include all the following except
rounded bones.
64. Patches of fibrocartilage formed in the healing of a fracture are called ________, whereas the bony collar formed around the fracture is called _________.
soft callus; hard callus
54. Hypocalcemia can cause
spasms.
29. Spicules and trabeculae are found in
spongy bone.
16. The skeleton does not
store red blood cells.
57. A soft callus forms during
the healing of a fracture.
