Anatomy Blood Review

When large numbers of RBC break down in the circulations, the urine can turn reddish or brown in a condition called______.

Hemoglobinuria

The process of blood clotting is an example of which function of blood?

Restricting fluid losses at injury sites

During their formation, RBCs

eject their nucleus and most of their organelles

Red blood cells results from the divisions of ______, which are multipotent stem cells.

hemocytoblasts

A person's blood type is determined by the

presence or absence of specific surface antigens on the plasma membrane

Erythropoietin is most likely released under which of the following conditions?

during anemia

The primary function of white blood cells is to

help defend the body against infectious organisms.

The inherited condition resulting from the inadequate production of clotting factors is termed

hemophilia

Fresh whole blood is usually collected through a procedure called

venipuncture

The average life span of a red blood cell is about

4 months

_____ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of RBCs is reduced.

Anemia

Platelets are

Cytoplasmic fragments

Type AB blood contains

agglutinogen A and B

Agglutinins

are antibodies that will attack surface antigens on RBCs of a different blood type.

Which disease is characterized by defective hemoglobin that results from a mutation affecting the amino acid sequence of one pair of the globular proteins of the hemoglobin molecule resulting in stiff, markedly curved RBCs?

Sickle cell anemia

Agglutinogens of the various blood types are examples of

surface antigens

_____ are the most abundant cell population of the formed elements of blood.

Erthrocytes

As blood flows through peripheral tissues, what occurs regarding the hemoglobin molecules of RBCs?

Hemoglobin binds carbon dioxide and releases its bound oxygen.

The term ____ refers to the combination of plasma and the formed elements together.

Whole blood

Platelets

are a major component of the vascular clotting system

The function of hemoglobin is to

bind and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

Which organ, a primary source of plasma proteins, synthesizes more than 90 percent of such proteins?

Liver

A hemoglobin molecule contains

four protein chains, four heme groups, and four iron ions.

The chief difference between plasma and serum involves the

presence/absence of clotting proteins

In adults, the stem cells responsible for the production of red and white blood cells originate primarily in the

red bone marrow

Playing a critical role in RBC formation, a woman's iron reserve is_____ percent of a typical man's iron reserve.

50