Anatomy cardiovascular module 9 quiz part 1

the black box is the

pericardial cavity

Cardiac output is the ____ of stroke volume and heart rate.

product

Which circulation system does not serve the metabolic needs of the body tissues but functions only to bring blood in close contact with the alveoli of the lungs so that gas exchange can take place?

pulmonary circulation

2.

serous pericardium

Often closer to the skin and contain valves

veins

Each side contains a(n) ____________ that receives blood into the heart and directs it into a(n) __________, which pumps the blood out of the heart.

1. atrium 2.ventricle

Trace the pathway of blood through the pulmonary circuit, beginning with the location in which blood enters the circuit and ending with the location in which blood leaves the circuit.

1. oxygen depleted blood enters the heart through the right atrium and the blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. 2. pulmonary SL valve and into the pulmonary trunk 3. blood travel into the alveolar-capillary beds which removes the carbon dioxide 4. Then the oxygenated blood leave the lungs through the right and left pulmonary veins, completing the pulmonary circuit.

The term that refers to heart muscle contraction is _________, while heart muscle relaxation uses the term ________.

1. systole 2. diastole

The first heart sound, "Lub," is caused by the closure of the ______ valves, while the second heart sound, "Dup," is caused by the closure of the ________ valves.

1.atrioventricular 2. semilunar

List 3 factors that stroke volume depends on.

1.heart size 2.contractility 3. preload

Identify the number of each of the 4 heart valves and provide their specific name

11. pulmonary valve (semilunar) valve 12. tricuspid (AV) valve 6. Aortic (semilunar) valve 4. Bicuspid (Mitral AV) valve

How many chambers does the heart have?

4

average heart rate

75 beats/minute

This is the thickest and most elastic artery in the body.

Aorta

Which one of the following is NOT a part of the aorta?

Aortic loop

More muscular than veins and do not have valves

Arteries

Which one of the following is NOT correct regarding the ventricular filling phase?

Blood pressure is high.

The difference between the rate at which the heart pumps blood and its maximum capacity for pumping blood at any given time is referred to as:

Cardiac reserve

According to the Frank-Starling law of the heart, the critical factor controlling stroke volume is:

Degree of stretch of cardiac muscle

During which phase does the heart relax and fill up with blood?

Diastole

Which one of the following is NOT true regarding the action of the nervous system on heart rate?

Emotional or physical stressors by the parasympathetic nervous system activate the the cardioaccelerator center.

The blood flowing through the heart chambers does not nourish the heart tissues, as the myocardium is too thin for diffusion to occur.

False

Which one of the following does NOT describe stroke volume?

Has an average value of 120 ml/beat

Which one of the following does NOT apply to the coronary arteries?

Remove the deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle

These branches of the aorta provide blood for the kidneys.

Renal arteries

List and briefly discuss one of the methods that aids in venous return.

Respiratory pump is when muscle contract and relax during the inspiration and expiration process and the pressure changes occurs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Which structure functions to keep the oxygenated blood and the deoxygenated blood separated?

Septum

This branch of the aorta provides blood for the spleen.

Splenic artery

​This vessel receives deoxygenated blood from the head, shoulders, and arms.

Superior vena cava

Which one of the following is NOT true regarding the atria?

The atria are receiving chambers and are located on the heart's inferior aspect.

During the cardiac cycle:

The atria contract before the ventricles.

Discuss the cause and effect of venous pooling.

The cause is when the smooth muscle become slack and the majority of blood is in the veins and cant get the brain. The results is unconsciousness.

Which one of the following is NOT true regarding the heart rate?

The release of acetylcholine increases heart rate and contractility.

Which valve prevents backflow into the right atrium?

Tricuspid valve

Contraction of skeletal muscle, such as in the calves, acts as a form of pump to bring blood back to the heart from these vessels.

Veins

These veins in the body have the largest diameter of any vein.

Venae cavae

Which one of the following is NOT correct regarding the ventricular contraction phase?

Ventricular pressure decreases.

Which vessels are extremely porous so that fluid and blood cells can move easily from the bloodstream through their walls?

Venules

Composed of a single-layered wall

capillaries

All events associated with blood flow through the heart during one complete heartbeat refers to the ___________________.

cardiac cycle

endocardium

contains Purkinje fibers just beneath it

visceral pericardium

contains coronary blood vessels

Myocardium

contains specialized cells called cardiomyocytes

5.

endocardium

3.

epicardium

1.

fibrous pericardium

The number of heartbeats per minute is known as the _____, while the volume of blood that is pumped by the ventricles with each heartbeat is the _____.

heart rate; stroke volume

4.

myocardium

Which valve prevents backflow into the left ventricle?

No answer text provided.

The Frank-Starling law of the heart states that increasing preload will increase stroke volume. What two items does this ensure to maintain proper functioning of the cardiovascular system?

One is the fast filling time and the second is the increased venous return.

atrial systole

0.1 seconds

ventricular systole

0.3 seconds

quiescent period

0.4 seconds

cardiac cycle length

0.8 seconds

List the five blood vessel divisions in the order that oxygenated blood would pass through them.

1. Arteries 2.arterioles 3.capillaries 4.venules 5.veins

According to the Frank-Starling law of the heart, an increase in the volume or speed of venous return will accomplish all of the following EXCEPT:

Increase heart size

Which ventricle is larger than the other?

Left

These small branches of the ascending aorta provide blood for the heart.

Left and right coronary artery

Which side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood?

Left side

Where is the myocardium the thickest?

Left ventricle

Which one of the following applies only to the systemic circulation system?

Long loop circuit