Anatomy chapter 1 & 2 Test Based on Quizzes
This bond is easily broken and put back
Hydrogen Bond
The formula H2O means
A molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
Electrolytes that release H+ into water
Acids
The role is played by oxygen in the body is to
Be used in the release of energy from glucose during respiration
Atoms give up, accept, or share electrons in order to...
Become stable
Organic Substances always contain the elements ____ and ____
Carbon and Hydrogen
What substances comprise over 95% of the human body
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
The heart is part of the _____ system
Cardiovascular
Carbohydrate that humans cannot digest
Cellulose
Steroids
Cholesterol and sex hormones
The pH scale measures the
Concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
Bond formed by the equal sharing of electrons
Covalent bond
A general function of the nucleic acids is that
DNA stores genetic information
When atoms combine with other atoms, interactions occur between their
Electrons
True or False: Oxygen represents the primary source of raw materials used for the building of new living material
False
True or False: The kidneys are part of the lymphatic system
False
The most common monosaccharide
Glucose
Monomers (building blocks) of fats
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Carbohydrate stored in liver and skeletal muscles
Glycogen
The term _____ refers to an increase in body size without and important changes in shape
Growth
Concentrations of ___ and ____ are always in balance
H+ and OH-
Atoms that have lost or gained electrons
Ions
How is oxygen used by living organisms
It is used to release energy that is stored in food
If an atom has 3 electrons in its second shell and its first shell is filled, it will tend to
Lose three electrons from its second shell
A complete atom is electrically neutral because the number of
Negative electrons and positive protons are equal
A solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxide ions would be called
Neutral
The four most abundant elements in the human body are
O, C, H, and N
Gas that is used to release energy from food
O2 / Oxygen
The activities of an anatomist consist of _______, where those of a physiologist consist of _______
Observing body parts, studying functions of body parts
Nutritionally good fats
One or more double bonds in the fatty acid chain. (Unsaturated fats)
Which best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?
Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems
Major cell membrane component
Phospholipids
Unequal sharing of electrons result in..
Polar Bonds
An enzyme is defined as a
Protein that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed or depleted
Which of the following processes is not concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism
Reproduction
The ability of an organism to sense changes that take place within its body
Responsiveness
The dorsal cavity includes the ______smaller cavities
Spinal and Cranial
Monosaccharides glucose and fructose bonded together
Sucrose
The thoracic cavity lies where in relationship to the abdominopelvic cavity?
Superior
Building of large molecules from smaller building blocks
Synthesis
Which of the following is not a part of the female reproductive system?
The bulbourethral gland
Which of the following organs is located in the abdominopelvic cavity. Kidney, heart, trachae, thymus gland?
The kidney
Which of the following is most closely related to the function of the muscular system?
The production of body heat
What organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells?
The skeletal system
Homeostasis is defined as
The tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment
True or False: The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities
True
True or False: The organ systems responsible for the integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine system.
True
The most abundant compound in the human body
Water
Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in a water are called
acids
Matter is composed of______, which themselves are composed of ______
elements:atoms
Physical and Chemical changes or reactions that occur within the body are collectively known as
metabolism
Which of the following is not an ecample of an organic substance
oxygen
Measures concentrations of H+ in a solution
pH scale
Metabolism is defined as the
physical and chemical changes occurring in an organism
A person has alkalosis if the blood pH
rises above 7.5
The difference in hydrogen ion concentration between solutions with ph 4 and ph5 is
tenfold