Anatomy chapter 1 & 2 Test Based on Quizzes

This bond is easily broken and put back

Hydrogen Bond

The formula H2O means

A molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom

Electrolytes that release H+ into water

Acids

The role is played by oxygen in the body is to

Be used in the release of energy from glucose during respiration

Atoms give up, accept, or share electrons in order to...

Become stable

Organic Substances always contain the elements ____ and ____

Carbon and Hydrogen

What substances comprise over 95% of the human body

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

The heart is part of the _____ system

Cardiovascular

Carbohydrate that humans cannot digest

Cellulose

Steroids

Cholesterol and sex hormones

The pH scale measures the

Concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Bond formed by the equal sharing of electrons

Covalent bond

A general function of the nucleic acids is that

DNA stores genetic information

When atoms combine with other atoms, interactions occur between their

Electrons

True or False: Oxygen represents the primary source of raw materials used for the building of new living material

False

True or False: The kidneys are part of the lymphatic system

False

The most common monosaccharide

Glucose

Monomers (building blocks) of fats

Glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Carbohydrate stored in liver and skeletal muscles

Glycogen

The term _____ refers to an increase in body size without and important changes in shape

Growth

Concentrations of ___ and ____ are always in balance

H+ and OH-

Atoms that have lost or gained electrons

Ions

How is oxygen used by living organisms

It is used to release energy that is stored in food

If an atom has 3 electrons in its second shell and its first shell is filled, it will tend to

Lose three electrons from its second shell

A complete atom is electrically neutral because the number of

Negative electrons and positive protons are equal

A solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxide ions would be called

Neutral

The four most abundant elements in the human body are

O, C, H, and N

Gas that is used to release energy from food

O2 / Oxygen

The activities of an anatomist consist of _______, where those of a physiologist consist of _______

Observing body parts, studying functions of body parts

Nutritionally good fats

One or more double bonds in the fatty acid chain. (Unsaturated fats)

Which best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?

Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems

Major cell membrane component

Phospholipids

Unequal sharing of electrons result in..

Polar Bonds

An enzyme is defined as a

Protein that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed or depleted

Which of the following processes is not concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism

Reproduction

The ability of an organism to sense changes that take place within its body

Responsiveness

The dorsal cavity includes the ______smaller cavities

Spinal and Cranial

Monosaccharides glucose and fructose bonded together

Sucrose

The thoracic cavity lies where in relationship to the abdominopelvic cavity?

Superior

Building of large molecules from smaller building blocks

Synthesis

Which of the following is not a part of the female reproductive system?

The bulbourethral gland

Which of the following organs is located in the abdominopelvic cavity. Kidney, heart, trachae, thymus gland?

The kidney

Which of the following is most closely related to the function of the muscular system?

The production of body heat

What organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells?

The skeletal system

Homeostasis is defined as

The tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment

True or False: The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities

True

True or False: The organ systems responsible for the integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine system.

True

The most abundant compound in the human body

Water

Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in a water are called

acids

Matter is composed of______, which themselves are composed of ______

elements:atoms

Physical and Chemical changes or reactions that occur within the body are collectively known as

metabolism

Which of the following is not an ecample of an organic substance

oxygen

Measures concentrations of H+ in a solution

pH scale

Metabolism is defined as the

physical and chemical changes occurring in an organism

A person has alkalosis if the blood pH

rises above 7.5

The difference in hydrogen ion concentration between solutions with ph 4 and ph5 is

tenfold