Anatomy Lab Unit #2 Overview of the Skeleton
Lacunae
small cavities in bone that contain osteocytes
Articular cartilage
covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints
Periosteum
A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles.
Osteoblasts
Bone-forming cells.
Perforating canals
Canals that run at right angles to the long axis of the bone, connecting the vascular and nerve supplies of the periosteum to those of the central canals and medullary cavity; also called Volkmann's canals.
Epiphysis
End of a long bone
Canaliculi
Hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and the central canal
Compact bone
Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone
Spongy bone
Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone.
Lamellae
Layers of bone matrix
Trabeculae
Supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone.
Central canal
The hollow center of an osteon, also known as a Haversian canal. The central canal contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. Bone is laid down around the central canal in concentric rings called lamellae.
Osteons
The structural units of mature compact bone are called
Medullary Cavity
cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow
Epiphyseal plate
growth plate
Osteocytes
mature bone cells
Endosteum
membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone
Diaphysis
shaft of a long bone
Epiphyseal line
the bony structure that results when the cartilage in the epiphyseal (growth) plate is replaced by bone at about ages 18-21, and bone has stopped growing in length