Anatomy of the Female Pelvis CH 16
linea terminalis
Imaginary line that separates the true pelvis from the false pelvis
suspensory ligaments of ovary
Pelvic ligament that provide support to the ovary and extends from the ovaries to the pelvic sidewalls
Posterior cul-de-sac
The peritoneal pouch between the anterior wall of the rectum and the posterior wall of the uterus
35. The urinary bladder, uterus, and ovaries are located within the: a. True pelvis b. False pelvis
a. True pelvis
uterine arteries
branches from the internal iliac arteries ThatSupplies blood to the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes
external iliac arteries
external branches of the common iliac arteries
pelvic diaphragm
group of pelvic muscles consisting of the levator ani and coccygeous muscles that provide support to the pelvic organs
internal iliac arteries
internal branches of the common iliac arteries
The left ovarian vein drains into the
left renal vein.
obturator internus muscles
paired pelvic muscles located lateral to the ovaries
vesicouterine pouch
peritoneum pouch between bladder and uterus
Pouch of douglas
rectouterine pouch
spiral arteries
tiny, coiled arteries that supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium
The true pelvis contains
urinary bladder, small bowel, sigmoid colon, rectum, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus.
iliopsoas muscle
Bilateral muscles located lateral to the heaters and anterior to the iliac crest
Space of Retzius
Extraperitoneal space located between the bladder and symphysis pubis that contains fat
Rectus abdominus muscles
Paired anterior abd muscles. Extend from xiphoid process to pubic bone
Round ligaments supports
Uterus (fundus)
Broad ligaments supports
Uterus, tubes, ovaries
32. The pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis is the: a. Broad ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Piriformis ligament d. Round ligament
a. Broad ligament
25. The sonographic pelvic examination of a female patient reveals an extensive amount of ascites. In the transverse plane, you visualize two echogenic structures extending from the side walls of uterus to the pelvic side walls bilaterally. These structures are most likely the: a. Broad ligaments b. Cardinal ligaments c. Ovarian ligaments d. Uterosacral ligaments
a. Broad ligaments
38. The ligament that houses the vasculature of the uterus is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary
a. Cardinal ligament
10. The innominate bones of the pelvis consist of the: a. Ischium, ilium, and pubic bones b. Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx bones c. Sacrum, coccyx, and pubic bones d. Sacrum, ischium, and ilium bones
a. Ischium, ilium, and pubic bones
24. The pelvic muscle group that is located between the coccyx and the pubis is the: a. Levator ani muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator internus muscles d. Piriformis muscle
a. Levator ani muscles
5. Pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will produce: a. Posterior shadowing b. Posterior enhancement c. Mirror image artifact d. Minimal enhancement
a. Posterior shadowing
15. Which vessels supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium? a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries
a. Radial arteries
20. The paired muscles that are located lateral to the uterus and anterior to the iliac crest are the: a. lliopsoas muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator interni muscles d. Piriformis muscles
a. lliopsoas muscles
39. The ovary is supplied blood by the: a. Ovarian artery b. Ovarian artery and uterine artery c. Uterine artery d. Arcuate artery
b. Ovarian artery and uterine artery
36. The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary
b. Ovarian ligament
2. Fluid noted posterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the: a. Space of Retzius b. Pouch of Douglas c. Anterior cul-de-sac d. Adnexa
b. Pouch of Douglas
9. The right ovarian vein drains directly into the: a. Right renal vein b. Aorta c. Inferior vena cava d. Common iliac vein
c. Inferior vena cava
28. The muscle located lateral to the ovaries is the: a. Iliopsoas muscle b. Rectus abdominis muscle c. Obturator internus muscle d. Piriformis muscle
c. Obturator internus muscle
30. Another name for the rectouterine pouch is the: a. Space of Retzius b. Pouch of Retzius c. Pouch of Douglas d. Anterior cul-de-sac
c. Pouch of Douglas
8. What is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity? a. Space of Retzius b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Pouch of Douglas d. Rectovessicular pouch
c. Pouch of Douglas
13. The vagina is located to the uterus: a. anterior b. posterior c. inferior d. medial
c. inferior
26. The space of Retzius is located: a. Between the uterus and bladder b. Between the bladder and ilium c. Along the lateral aspect of the uterus d. Between the bladder and pubic bone
d. Between the bladder and pubic bone
37. Pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will appear: a. Anechoic b. Hypoechoic c. Dark d. Hyperechoic
d. Hyperechoic
4. The left ovarian vein drains directly into the: a. Right renal vein b. Inferior vena cava C. Aorta d. Left renal vein
d. Left renal vein
14. The muscles that may be confused with the include the: ovaries on a pelvic sonogram a. Rectus abdominis and obturator internus muscles b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. Obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles
d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles
22. The bilateral muscles that are located posterior to and extend from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter are the: a. Levator ani muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator internus muscles d. Piriformis muscles
d. Piriformis muscles
11. What other term is used to describe the space of Retzius? a. Posterior cul-de-sac b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Murphy pouch d. Retropubic space
d. Retropubic space
23. The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary
d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary
1. What structure within the female pelvis lies posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum? a. Broad ligament b. Rectus abdominus muscle c. Space of Retzius d. Uterus
d. Uterus
7. The anterior cul-de-sac is also referred to as the: a. Space of Retzius b. Rectouterine pouch c. Pouch of Douglas d. Vesicouterine pouch
d. Vesicouterine pouch
Piriformis muscles
paired pelvic muscles located posteriorly that extends from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter
broad ligament
pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis
Anterior cul-de-sac
peritoneal outpouching located between the bladder and the uterus; also referred to as the vesicouterine pouch
rectouterine pouch
peritoneum pouch between posterior uterus and anterior rectum
The weakening of the pelvic diaphragm, which includes the levator ani muscles, can lead to
prolapse of the uterus.
The most dependent part of peritoneal cavity is
the posterior cul-de-sac or pouch of Douglas, making it the most likely place for free fluid to collect in the pelvis.
The spiral arteries are the
tiny, coiled vessels that supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium.
common iliac artery
Abdominal aortic bifurcation vessels
levator ani muscle
Hammock shaped pelvic muscle group located between the coccyx and pubis consisting of the iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, and pubicrectalis
Suspensory ligament of the ovaries (infundibulopelvic) supports
Ovaries and tubes
coccygeus
PelvicMuscle located posteriorly within the pelvis that help support the sacrum
27. The right ovarian artery branches off of the: a. Aorta b. Right renal artery c. Uterine artery d. Internal iliac artery
a. Aorta
Cardinal ligament supports
Cervix
Ovarian ligaments are located
Extends from ovary to lateral sur- face of the uterus
Broad ligaments are located
Extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis
Cardinal ligament is located
Extends from the lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of vagina
Suspensory ligament of the ovaries (infundibulopelvic) are located
Extends from the ovaries to the pelvic side walls
Uterosacral ligament is located
Extends from uterus to sacrum
abdominal aorta
Major abdominal artery responsible for supplying the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities with oxygenated blood
Ovarian ligaments supports
Ovaries
false pelvis
Superior portion of the pelvis
prolapse
a condition where organs, such as the uterus, fall down or slip out of place.
31. A patient presents to the sonography department with a history of uterine prolapsed. Which of the following best describes this disorder? a. A condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina. b. A congenital anomaly that results in the du- plication of the uterus. c. A condition that results in the abnormal invasion of the myometrium through the bladder wall leading to hematuria d. An abnormaility that describes the inversion of the myometrium and endometrium
a. A condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina.
radial arteries
arteries that supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium
3. Both the straight and spiral arteries are branches of the: a. Common iliac artery b. Radial artery c. Arcuate artery d. External iliac artery
b. Radial artery
6. The uterine arteries supply blood to all of the following except: a. Fallopian tubes b. Rectum c. Ovaries d. Uterus
b. Rectum
18. Which of the following are the paired anterior abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic bone? a. Iliopsoas muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator interni muscles d. Piriformis muscles
b. Rectus abdominis muscles
29. The arteries that directly supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium are the: a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries
b. Spiral arteries
21. Fluid noted anterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the: a. Pouch of Douglas b. Vesicouterine pouch c. Space of Retzius d. Rectouterine pouch
b. Vesicouterine pouch
straight arteries
uterine radial artery branch that supplies blood to the basal layer of the endometrium
19. Peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the: a. Rectouterine spaces b. Anterior cul-de-sacs c. Lateral cul-de-sacs d. Adnexa
d. Adnexa
34. The peripheral arteries of the uterus are the: a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries
d. Arcuate arteries
arcuate arteries
peripheral arteries of the uterus that lie at the edge of the myometrium
true pelvis
Inferior Portion of the pelvis that contains the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, small bowel, sigmoid colon, and rectum
Uterosacral ligament supports
Uterus
17. The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the: a. Internal iliac arteries b. Common iliac arteries c. Ovarian arteries d. External iliac arteries
b. Common iliac arteries
40. Prolapse of the pelvic organs most often involves the: a. Rectus abdominis and obturator internus muscles b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. Obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles
b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles
cardinal ligament
pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of vagina and houses the uterine vasculature
ovarian ligament
pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus
16. Pelvic muscles appear: a. Echogenic b. Anechoic с. Нуроеchoic d. Complex
с. Нуроеchoic
Round ligaments is located
Extends from uterine cornua to labia majora between the folds of the broad ligaments
33. The uterine artery branches off of the: a. Abdominal aorta b. Uterine plexus c. Internal iliac artery d. External iliac artery
c. Internal iliac artery
12. The true pelvis is delineated from the false pelvis by the: a. Space of Retzius b. Adnexa c. Linea terminalis d. Iliac crest
c. Linea terminalis
adnexa
the area located posterior to the broad ligaments, adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes