Anatomy of the Female Pelvis CH 16

linea terminalis

Imaginary line that separates the true pelvis from the false pelvis

suspensory ligaments of ovary

Pelvic ligament that provide support to the ovary and extends from the ovaries to the pelvic sidewalls

Posterior cul-de-sac

The peritoneal pouch between the anterior wall of the rectum and the posterior wall of the uterus

35. The urinary bladder, uterus, and ovaries are located within the: a. True pelvis b. False pelvis

a. True pelvis

uterine arteries

branches from the internal iliac arteries ThatSupplies blood to the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes

external iliac arteries

external branches of the common iliac arteries

pelvic diaphragm

group of pelvic muscles consisting of the levator ani and coccygeous muscles that provide support to the pelvic organs

internal iliac arteries

internal branches of the common iliac arteries

The left ovarian vein drains into the

left renal vein.

obturator internus muscles

paired pelvic muscles located lateral to the ovaries

vesicouterine pouch

peritoneum pouch between bladder and uterus

Pouch of douglas

rectouterine pouch

spiral arteries

tiny, coiled arteries that supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium

The true pelvis contains

urinary bladder, small bowel, sigmoid colon, rectum, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus.

iliopsoas muscle

Bilateral muscles located lateral to the heaters and anterior to the iliac crest

Space of Retzius

Extraperitoneal space located between the bladder and symphysis pubis that contains fat

Rectus abdominus muscles

Paired anterior abd muscles. Extend from xiphoid process to pubic bone

Round ligaments supports

Uterus (fundus)

Broad ligaments supports

Uterus, tubes, ovaries

32. The pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis is the: a. Broad ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Piriformis ligament d. Round ligament

a. Broad ligament

25. The sonographic pelvic examination of a female patient reveals an extensive amount of ascites. In the transverse plane, you visualize two echogenic structures extending from the side walls of uterus to the pelvic side walls bilaterally. These structures are most likely the: a. Broad ligaments b. Cardinal ligaments c. Ovarian ligaments d. Uterosacral ligaments

a. Broad ligaments

38. The ligament that houses the vasculature of the uterus is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

a. Cardinal ligament

10. The innominate bones of the pelvis consist of the: a. Ischium, ilium, and pubic bones b. Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx bones c. Sacrum, coccyx, and pubic bones d. Sacrum, ischium, and ilium bones

a. Ischium, ilium, and pubic bones

24. The pelvic muscle group that is located between the coccyx and the pubis is the: a. Levator ani muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator internus muscles d. Piriformis muscle

a. Levator ani muscles

5. Pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will produce: a. Posterior shadowing b. Posterior enhancement c. Mirror image artifact d. Minimal enhancement

a. Posterior shadowing

15. Which vessels supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium? a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries

a. Radial arteries

20. The paired muscles that are located lateral to the uterus and anterior to the iliac crest are the: a. lliopsoas muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator interni muscles d. Piriformis muscles

a. lliopsoas muscles

39. The ovary is supplied blood by the: a. Ovarian artery b. Ovarian artery and uterine artery c. Uterine artery d. Arcuate artery

b. Ovarian artery and uterine artery

36. The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

b. Ovarian ligament

2. Fluid noted posterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the: a. Space of Retzius b. Pouch of Douglas c. Anterior cul-de-sac d. Adnexa

b. Pouch of Douglas

9. The right ovarian vein drains directly into the: a. Right renal vein b. Aorta c. Inferior vena cava d. Common iliac vein

c. Inferior vena cava

28. The muscle located lateral to the ovaries is the: a. Iliopsoas muscle b. Rectus abdominis muscle c. Obturator internus muscle d. Piriformis muscle

c. Obturator internus muscle

30. Another name for the rectouterine pouch is the: a. Space of Retzius b. Pouch of Retzius c. Pouch of Douglas d. Anterior cul-de-sac

c. Pouch of Douglas

8. What is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity? a. Space of Retzius b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Pouch of Douglas d. Rectovessicular pouch

c. Pouch of Douglas

13. The vagina is located to the uterus: a. anterior b. posterior c. inferior d. medial

c. inferior

26. The space of Retzius is located: a. Between the uterus and bladder b. Between the bladder and ilium c. Along the lateral aspect of the uterus d. Between the bladder and pubic bone

d. Between the bladder and pubic bone

37. Pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will appear: a. Anechoic b. Hypoechoic c. Dark d. Hyperechoic

d. Hyperechoic

4. The left ovarian vein drains directly into the: a. Right renal vein b. Inferior vena cava C. Aorta d. Left renal vein

d. Left renal vein

14. The muscles that may be confused with the include the: ovaries on a pelvic sonogram a. Rectus abdominis and obturator internus muscles b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. Obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

22. The bilateral muscles that are located posterior to and extend from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter are the: a. Levator ani muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator internus muscles d. Piriformis muscles

d. Piriformis muscles

11. What other term is used to describe the space of Retzius? a. Posterior cul-de-sac b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Murphy pouch d. Retropubic space

d. Retropubic space

23. The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

1. What structure within the female pelvis lies posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum? a. Broad ligament b. Rectus abdominus muscle c. Space of Retzius d. Uterus

d. Uterus

7. The anterior cul-de-sac is also referred to as the: a. Space of Retzius b. Rectouterine pouch c. Pouch of Douglas d. Vesicouterine pouch

d. Vesicouterine pouch

Piriformis muscles

paired pelvic muscles located posteriorly that extends from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter

broad ligament

pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis

Anterior cul-de-sac

peritoneal outpouching located between the bladder and the uterus; also referred to as the vesicouterine pouch

rectouterine pouch

peritoneum pouch between posterior uterus and anterior rectum

The weakening of the pelvic diaphragm, which includes the levator ani muscles, can lead to

prolapse of the uterus.

The most dependent part of peritoneal cavity is

the posterior cul-de-sac or pouch of Douglas, making it the most likely place for free fluid to collect in the pelvis.

The spiral arteries are the

tiny, coiled vessels that supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium.

common iliac artery

Abdominal aortic bifurcation vessels

levator ani muscle

Hammock shaped pelvic muscle group located between the coccyx and pubis consisting of the iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, and pubicrectalis

Suspensory ligament of the ovaries (infundibulopelvic) supports

Ovaries and tubes

coccygeus

PelvicMuscle located posteriorly within the pelvis that help support the sacrum

27. The right ovarian artery branches off of the: a. Aorta b. Right renal artery c. Uterine artery d. Internal iliac artery

a. Aorta

Cardinal ligament supports

Cervix

Ovarian ligaments are located

Extends from ovary to lateral sur- face of the uterus

Broad ligaments are located

Extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis

Cardinal ligament is located

Extends from the lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of vagina

Suspensory ligament of the ovaries (infundibulopelvic) are located

Extends from the ovaries to the pelvic side walls

Uterosacral ligament is located

Extends from uterus to sacrum

abdominal aorta

Major abdominal artery responsible for supplying the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities with oxygenated blood

Ovarian ligaments supports

Ovaries

false pelvis

Superior portion of the pelvis

prolapse

a condition where organs, such as the uterus, fall down or slip out of place.

31. A patient presents to the sonography department with a history of uterine prolapsed. Which of the following best describes this disorder? a. A condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina. b. A congenital anomaly that results in the du- plication of the uterus. c. A condition that results in the abnormal invasion of the myometrium through the bladder wall leading to hematuria d. An abnormaility that describes the inversion of the myometrium and endometrium

a. A condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina.

radial arteries

arteries that supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium

3. Both the straight and spiral arteries are branches of the: a. Common iliac artery b. Radial artery c. Arcuate artery d. External iliac artery

b. Radial artery

6. The uterine arteries supply blood to all of the following except: a. Fallopian tubes b. Rectum c. Ovaries d. Uterus

b. Rectum

18. Which of the following are the paired anterior abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic bone? a. Iliopsoas muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator interni muscles d. Piriformis muscles

b. Rectus abdominis muscles

29. The arteries that directly supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium are the: a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries

b. Spiral arteries

21. Fluid noted anterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the: a. Pouch of Douglas b. Vesicouterine pouch c. Space of Retzius d. Rectouterine pouch

b. Vesicouterine pouch

straight arteries

uterine radial artery branch that supplies blood to the basal layer of the endometrium

19. Peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the: a. Rectouterine spaces b. Anterior cul-de-sacs c. Lateral cul-de-sacs d. Adnexa

d. Adnexa

34. The peripheral arteries of the uterus are the: a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries

d. Arcuate arteries

arcuate arteries

peripheral arteries of the uterus that lie at the edge of the myometrium

true pelvis

Inferior Portion of the pelvis that contains the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, small bowel, sigmoid colon, and rectum

Uterosacral ligament supports

Uterus

17. The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the: a. Internal iliac arteries b. Common iliac arteries c. Ovarian arteries d. External iliac arteries

b. Common iliac arteries

40. Prolapse of the pelvic organs most often involves the: a. Rectus abdominis and obturator internus muscles b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. Obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles

cardinal ligament

pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of vagina and houses the uterine vasculature

ovarian ligament

pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus

16. Pelvic muscles appear: a. Echogenic b. Anechoic с. Нуроеchoic d. Complex

с. Нуроеchoic

Round ligaments is located

Extends from uterine cornua to labia majora between the folds of the broad ligaments

33. The uterine artery branches off of the: a. Abdominal aorta b. Uterine plexus c. Internal iliac artery d. External iliac artery

c. Internal iliac artery

12. The true pelvis is delineated from the false pelvis by the: a. Space of Retzius b. Adnexa c. Linea terminalis d. Iliac crest

c. Linea terminalis

adnexa

the area located posterior to the broad ligaments, adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes