anatomy test

Steroid hormones

(are lipids (a) and are structurally similar to cholesterol(b)) have characteristics of both A and B.

Alcoholic beverages cause excessive urine production by blocking the action of

ADH.

The basic pattern of response that the body produces in response to stress is called the

GAS.

The pituitary hormone that stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin is

MSH.

Marissa has had her thyroid gland removed because of a malignant tumor. She takes synthetic thyroid hormone to replace the thyroxine that her thyroid gland would have produced, but she is worried about her blood calcium since she has lost ber source of calcitonin. Does she need to worry about this problem?

No, as long as she still has functional parathyroid glands she will maintain proper levels of calcium.

The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is

PRL

release of parathyroid hormone is controlled by

blood calcium levels.

thymus

calcitonin

The nervous system

communicates by the release of neurotransmitters and produces rapid and specific responses to environmental stimuli.

adrenal

cortisol

Diabetes insipidus is caused by

decreased levels of ADH.

This condition is characterized by abnormally high glucose concentrations that overwhelm the reabsorption capabilities of the kidneys.

diabetes mellitus

Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin would result in

diabetes mellitus.

Growth hormone causes

enhanced movement of amino acids into cells, increased rate of lipid catabolism, increased protein synthesis, growth of bones and skeletal muscle.

Two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla are

epinephrine and norepinephrine.

The adrenal medulla produces

epinephrine.

The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is

epinephrine.

what primarily targets the gonads?

follicle-stimulating hormone

thyroid gland is composed of many what? that produce and store thyroid hormone.

follicles

When blood glucose levels fall,

glucagon is released.

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to rise is

glucagon.

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by

glucose in the urine, blood sugar imbalance, urine with high osmotic pressure, excessive urine production.

pituitary

growth hormone

The stimulus for hormone release may be neural, hormonal, or

humoral

Another name for the pituitary gland is the

hypophysis.

Hormones that control the function of the anterior pituitary gland are released from the

hypothalamus,

Effects of medullary hormones include

increased blood pressure, release of lipids by adipose tissue, increased blood glucose levels, increased heart activity.

condition known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD) may be caused by

increased levels of melatonin.

Increased blood calcium levels would result in

increased secretion of calcitonin.

Parathyroid glands produce a hormone that

increases the level of calcium ions in the blood.

The beta cells of the pancreas produce

insulin.

Cells of the thyroid gland are the only cells in the body with a need for the mineral

iodine

Thyroid hormone contains the mineral

iodine.

The inner portion of the adrenal gland is the adrenal

medulla

thyroid

melatonin

During the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), there is

mobilization of energy reserves.

Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by

negative feedback.

hormone released from the adrenal medulla is

none of the above

All hormones are

organic compounds.

what has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

pancreas

Increased levels of the hormone (blank) will lead to increased levels of calcium ions in the blood.

parathyroid hormone

The hormone that is the antagonist of calcitonin is

parathyroid hormone,

The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is

parathyroid hormone.

This gland is responsible for establishing daily circadian rhythms.

pineal

Excessive urine production is known as

polyuria.

The hormone oxytocin

promotes uterine contractions.

The endocrine system

releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body, releases hormones that alter the metabolic activities of many different tissues and organs simultaneously, produces effects that can last for hours, days, and even longer.

Peripheral cells sensitive to the presence of hormones are called

target cells

Generally the actions of hormones

tend to be more widespread than actions of the nervous system, cause changes in the machinery of the cells, are longer lasting than actions of the nervous system, are slower to react than the nervous system.

Hormone-producing cells of the testes produce

testosterone and inhibin.

Increased aggressive behavior is associated with increases in

testosterone.

Decreased levels of parathyroid hormone could result in

tetany.

In Type II diabetes, insulin levels are frequently normal, yet the target cells are less sensitive to the effects of insulin. This suggests that

the target cells may lack enough insulin receptors.

pineal

thymosins

Hormones from which of the following glands are responsible for the calorigenic effect?

thyroid gland

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is also known as

type I.

what gland is located along the superior border of the kidney.

adrenal

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce

aldosterone.

Sodium concentration imbalance may cause release of

altesterone

Peptide hormones

are composed by amino acids.