ANHS Exam 2 ~ quiz questions

Pancreatic amylase

digests starch in the small intestine

insulin

helps glucose enter cells

In an incomplete protein, the ______ is/are the essential amino acid(s) found in the lowest amount(s) in the food source.

limiting amino acid(s)

Which of the following substances is an enzyme that participates in the digestion of proteins?

Trypsin

Which of the following characteristics or conditions is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

Male sex

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is FALSE?

Phospholipids have a similar chemical structure to cholesterol.

Which of the following statements about resistant starches is false?

Resistant starches are more fully broke down in the human GI tract than regular starches

Which of the following statements about epinephrine is false?

Stimulates anabolism

The process of ________ occurs when energy is wasted as heat, rather than being converted to ATP.

adaptive thermogenesis

The citric acid cycle is a/an ________ process.

aerobic

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, healthy adults should consume ________.

as little cholesterol as possible while following a healthy diet

Because of the high glycemic index (GI), which of the following foods should be avoided or consumed in moderation by a person with diabetes?

baked potato

________ is a chemical pathway involved in the catabolism of an activated fatty acid and occurs in the mitochondria.

beta-oxidation

Which of the following foods is NOT usually responsible for causing allergic responses?

carrots and celery

The breakdown of glycogen into individual glucose molecules is an example of ________.

catabolism

The body uses proteins to make ________.

certain hormones

Which of the following plant oils contain the highest amount of saturated fat per tablespoon?

coconut oil

A fasting blood LDL cholesterol level of 165 mg/dL is considered ________.

high

Betty is constipated; she generally has bowel movements only twice a week. To help relieve her constipation without taking medications, Betty should

increase her intake for foods that contain insoluble fiber

Adrian's diet supplies only about 5% of his daily energy needs from carbohydrates. Therefore, most of his energy intake is provided by proteins and fats. As a result of following this diet, Adrian's body may go into

ketosis

Jacob is a healthy, active 14-year-old boy. Recently, he began to experience a growth spurt. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance.

positive

Hemoglobin is an example of a protein that exists in the ________ form.

quaternary

Which of the following grains does NOT contain gluten?

quinoa

Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate?

soluble fiber

A ________ reaction is one in which the nitrogen-containing group of one amino acid is transferred to another substance (such as a Kreb's Cycle intermediate) to make a nonessential amino term-25acid.

transamination

Felix generally consumes about 2500 kcal/day. He wants to reduce the amount of added sugars in his diet to meet the recommendation for added sugar intake according to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Based on this information, Felix will limit his daily intake of added sugars to less than ________ kcal.

250

Liana has elevated blood levels of LDL. To lower her LDL levels, she should _______

eat less red meat

Victor is making cake batter. When he added canola oil, low-fat milk, baking powder, and salt together, the oil and milk separated into two layers. To make a mixture that does not separate into oily and watery components, Victor should add ________ and stir the ingredients together.

egg yolks

Which of the following chemical pathways of glucose catabolism produces the highest amount of ATP molecules?

electron chain transport

Which of the following statements is true?

excessive thirst and frequent urination are signs of diabetes

Most lipids have ________ in their chemical structures.

fatty acids

Compared to a triglyceride molecule, an amino acid molecule ________.

has nitrogen in its chemical structure

Petros is a 20-year-old male who weighs 180 lbs (82 kg). Based on the RDA for protein for a healthy young adult, what is the minimum amount of protein should Petros consume daily?

66 grams

Which of the following foods is a rich source of saturated fat and cholesterol?

whole milk

According to Shawn's physician, Shawn has a high risk of ________ because his waist circumference is 42 inches, his blood pressure consistently measures 140 mm Hg/90 mm Hg, and his fasting blood glucose level is 110 mg/dl.

metabolic syndrome

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a hormone that ________.

stimulates the gallbladder to release bile into the small intestine

Cole was told by his healthcare provider that he has metabolic syndrome. Which of the following can occur as a result of metabolic syndrome?

All of these choices are correct

Which of the following factors influences the metabolism of alcohol in the human body?

All of these choices are correct