Blood pressure
Health Measurement
120/80 mmHg
Cardiac cycle
Beginning of the first heart beat to the beginning of the next.
How is Blood pressure measured
By the force of blood on artery walls and in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
Pulse pressure
Difference between maximum and minimum pressures measured. ~=(SP-DP)
M.A.P
Mean Arterial pressure, average pressure throughout the cardiac cycle. ~+DP+ 1/3 (SP-DP)
Atrial Systole
Phase 1. It occurs when the atria are electrically stimulated and is denoted as the P-wave in an ECG and causes the atria to contract.
Ventricular Systole
Phase 2. It occurs when the ventricles are electrically stimulated and is denoted as the QRS-wave segment in an ECG reading. causes the ventricles to contract and it is here we get our systolic pressure reading.
Early diastole
Phase 3. It is when the heart begins to relax after its stimulation and is denoted as the T wave in an ECG. Here the ventricles relax
Diastole
Phase 4. The heart finishes up its relaxation period. This moment is denoted as the TP-period in the ECG reading. The diastolic pressure reading comes from the diastolic period of phases of the cardiac cycle
Blood pressure measurement
Systolic pressure over diastolic pressure.
Arteries
Take blood away from the heart
Blood Pressure
The amount of blood pumped by the heart in relation to the size and condition of the arteries
Systole
Ventricles contract. Blood pressure is highest. Occurs at the beginning of cardiac cycle
What factors affect blood pressure
Volume of water in body Salt content of body Condition of Kidneys, Nervous system and blood vessels Levels of various hormones in body
veins
bring deoxygenated blood to the heart
Arterial pressure
is the force exerted by the blood upon the walls of the arteries
Venous pressure
is the force exerted by the blood upon the walls of the veins
Diastole
ventricles relax and refill. Blood pressure is lowest. resting phase in the cardiac cycle