Animal, Plant, and bacterial Cell Functions

Organelles

The "small organs" within a cell. All the organelles work together.

Nucleoid Region

Where the DNA is located in a bacterial cell

Cell Theory

1) All living things have cells 2) Cells are what all living organisms need for structure and to function 3) All cells have come from a pre-existing cell

Vacuoles

Animal cells have many small vacuoles that store various items such as carbs, proteins, ions, and water (Only in Animal cells)

Bacterial Cell

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic, so there is no nucleus! DNA is in nucleoid region.

Cell

Basic unit of life

Nucleus

Control center of the cell- stores the DNA which tells the cell what to do, and when to do it

Cillia

In the animal cell with hairlike projections like flagella and are located outside the cell but structurally different from fimbriae that helps the cell move.

Plant Cells

Eukaryotic. Are distinguished by having a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and no lysosomes. Have a fixed shape. Have membrane-bound organelles.

Animal Cells

Eukaryotic. Have many small vacuoles, lysosomes, no fixed shape, and have membrane-bound organelles.

Cell Membrane

In all cells. Controls what enters and leaves the cell. Outer membrane

Cytoplasm

In all cells. Gelatin like material. Most work carried out here.

Nucleolus

In both plant and animal cells. Makes the ribosomes of a cell- inside the nucleus.

Cell Wall

In only a plant and bacterial cells. Gives support/ protection and allows some things in and out of the cell.

Chloroplast

In only a plant cell. Organelles in which the energy from sunlight is used to make sugar in a plant.

Eukaryotic Cells

Plants, animals, fungi, and protists. Large and complex. Many organelles within each cell, has a nucleus.

Robert Hooke

Responsible for discovering and naming cells, did so by observing cork cells in late 1600's

Lysosomes

Responsible for getting rid of waste in an animal cell. Also contain enzymes to aid in digestion.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Responsible for synthesizing lipids for the production of biological membranes

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Responsible for the assembly of proteins

Ribosomes (In All)

Site of protein synthesis. Can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm, or attached to the Rough ER (

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell. Extract glucose from foods and convert it into ATP, which gives the cell energy.

Prokaryotic Cells

Unicellular bacteria. No nucleus, but still contain free floating DNA. Small and less complex than eukaryotic cells.

Golgi Apparatus

proteins enter, they get modified, packaged, and sent out. It also helps transport lipids around, and creates lysosomes.