Animal, Plant, and bacterial Cell Functions
Organelles
The "small organs" within a cell. All the organelles work together.
Nucleoid Region
Where the DNA is located in a bacterial cell
Cell Theory
1) All living things have cells 2) Cells are what all living organisms need for structure and to function 3) All cells have come from a pre-existing cell
Vacuoles
Animal cells have many small vacuoles that store various items such as carbs, proteins, ions, and water (Only in Animal cells)
Bacterial Cell
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic, so there is no nucleus! DNA is in nucleoid region.
Cell
Basic unit of life
Nucleus
Control center of the cell- stores the DNA which tells the cell what to do, and when to do it
Cillia
In the animal cell with hairlike projections like flagella and are located outside the cell but structurally different from fimbriae that helps the cell move.
Plant Cells
Eukaryotic. Are distinguished by having a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and no lysosomes. Have a fixed shape. Have membrane-bound organelles.
Animal Cells
Eukaryotic. Have many small vacuoles, lysosomes, no fixed shape, and have membrane-bound organelles.
Cell Membrane
In all cells. Controls what enters and leaves the cell. Outer membrane
Cytoplasm
In all cells. Gelatin like material. Most work carried out here.
Nucleolus
In both plant and animal cells. Makes the ribosomes of a cell- inside the nucleus.
Cell Wall
In only a plant and bacterial cells. Gives support/ protection and allows some things in and out of the cell.
Chloroplast
In only a plant cell. Organelles in which the energy from sunlight is used to make sugar in a plant.
Eukaryotic Cells
Plants, animals, fungi, and protists. Large and complex. Many organelles within each cell, has a nucleus.
Robert Hooke
Responsible for discovering and naming cells, did so by observing cork cells in late 1600's
Lysosomes
Responsible for getting rid of waste in an animal cell. Also contain enzymes to aid in digestion.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Responsible for synthesizing lipids for the production of biological membranes
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Responsible for the assembly of proteins
Ribosomes (In All)
Site of protein synthesis. Can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm, or attached to the Rough ER (
Mitochondria
The powerhouse of the cell. Extract glucose from foods and convert it into ATP, which gives the cell energy.
Prokaryotic Cells
Unicellular bacteria. No nucleus, but still contain free floating DNA. Small and less complex than eukaryotic cells.
Golgi Apparatus
proteins enter, they get modified, packaged, and sent out. It also helps transport lipids around, and creates lysosomes.