ANSC 4043 Quizzes

which amino acid is needed for synthesis of thyroid hormones?

tyrosine

in the negative feedback control of thyroid hormone production, a. which hormone is secreted from the hypothalamus? b. which hormone is secreted from the adenohypophysis?

a. TRH b. TSH

horses consuming high phosphorus diets may develop:

nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism

in this type of growth, the mammary gland is growing at a a faster rate than the rest of the body

allometric

Vitamin D is synthesized in one part of the body and activated in 2 other organs. where is this hormone synthesized?

skin

which hypothalamic inhibiting hormone causes GH not be secreted?

somatostatin

what is the parent structure for all steroid hormones?

cholesterol

which is an action in which the hormone is distributed in the blood and binds to a distant target cell? a. paracrine action b. endocrine action c. shake and bake action d. autocrine action

b. endocrine action

which thyroid hormone is most biologically active?

3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine

which thyroid hormone is produced in the greatest amounts in the thyroid gland?

3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine

normal blood calcium concentrations should be:

9 to 11 mg/dl

growth hormone regulates growth indirectly through another hormone, produced in the liver. what is this hormone?

IGF-1

amino acid derivatives are one of the four major classes of hormones. which of the following is a hormone that is an amino acid derivative? a. thyroid hormone b. growth hormone c. estrogen d. prostaglandin F2alpha

a. thyroid hormone

hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults is called

acromegaly

the renin-angiotensin system is the main regulatory system for which corticosteroid?

aldosterone

what is the hormone secreted by heart when blood pressure increases

atrial natiuretic factor

all domestic animals, except 1, have paired adrenal glands. which animal has clusters of intermixed cortical and medullary tissue in close proximity to kidneys?

birds

the hypertextbook that she used is sponsored by which university

colorado state

over 50 steroids are synthesized and released in which part of the adrenal gland?

cortex

which of the following is not a zone of the adrenal cortex? a. zona glomerulosa b. zona fasciculata c. zona reticularis d. the ozone layer

d

growth factor that promotes gastrointestinal mucosal growth and may improve plant growth through saliva of the grazing animals

epidermal growth factor

which growth factor is produced in the kidney, and absence of it can result in anemia

erythropoietin

in discussing how a hormone elicits a response, I repeatedly used a "phrase" in class that indicates the first step in the process. I also said I wish I had a dollar for every time I said this. What phrase am I referring to?

hormone binds to receptor

Chemical messengers secreted into blood or extracellular fluid by one cell that affect the functioning of other cells

hormones

which thyroid disorder did Dr. williams' former grad student get tested for but did not have?

hyperthyroidism

which thyroid disorder is characterized by weight loss, polyphagia, nervousness, and a whole bunch of other things?

hyperthyroidism

which pancreatic hormone can be considered a growth hormone because of its role in glucose uptake and amino acid uptake

insulin

the thyroid gland is unique in that it accumulates large quantities of a certain mineral and combines it into hormones. which mineral is it? (hint: it is added to salt)

iodine

from the 2 questions above, you know that PTH and calcitonin have actions in bone. what other 2 tissues in the body do these hormones affect for calcium regulation?

kidney and intestine

a number of reports have documented a syndrome of water and sodium retention coupled with low plasma concentrations of potassium in individuals that ingested an excessive amount of a certain type of candy. what candy is it?

licorice

the effects of growth hormone on lactation are indirect effects. why?

mammary glands do not have receptors for growth hormone so cannot bind

what is the best source of calcium for humans to meet their daily requirements?

milk

dairy cattle often experience hypocalcemia after calving. what is the name of this metabolic disorder?

milk fever (parturient paresis)

binding of a hormone to a plasma membrane receptor initiates a series of events which leads to the generation of ____ ____ within the cell. These then trigger a series of molecular interactions that alter the physiological state of the cell

second messengers

colloid fills the center of the functional unit. which large molecular weight protein is synthesized in the epithelial cells and secreted into the colloid? (this glycoprotein is needed for the synthesis of thyroid hormones)

thyroglobulin

which hormone is responsible for the effects of GH in mammary growth and in lactation?

IGF-1

what is the spherical structure that is the basic functional unit of the thyroid gland?

follicle

of the 3 classes of corticosteroids synthesized in adrenal cortex, which class is primarily involved in glucose homeostasis?

glucocorticoids

if blood calcium drops to lower than normal, which hormone will be secreted to cause bone mineral to be "chewed up" to release calcium?

PTH

insulin is an example of which chemical class of hormone

protein/peptide

in dr. williams PhD research, which hormone did she measure in her dogs?

IGF-1

what is the primary metabolic effect of glucocorticoids during stressful situations?

gluconeogenesis

which hypothalamic releasing hormone causes GH to be secreted?

growth hormone releasing hormone

Diacyl glycerol (DG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3) are messenger components of which second messenger system?

phospholipid derivatives

which hormone is produced only during pregnancy (disappears from circulation immediately after delivery) and whose major role is to stimulate the development of the mammary gland during pregnancy without causing milk secretion during pregnancy?

placental lactogen

what is the name of the blood supply that brings the releasing hormones from the neurons in the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary?

portal veins

during lactogenesis, this hormone stimulates maturation of the golgi apparatus and also stimulates secretion of alpha-lactalbumin. it is stimulated by progesterone

prolactin

which hormone, which shares a common ancestral gene with GH, is essential for ductile branching to form fully developed mammary glands and also stimulates milk production after parturition?

prolactin

what nutrients in the dog food was she testing to determine differences in IGF-1

protein

molecular components of cells that provide specificity for hormone-cell interaction

receptors

which peptide of the adenohypophysis stimulates the release of corticosteroids form the adrenal gland?

ACTH

Adenylate cyclase is an enzyme that converts:

ATP to cAMP

if blood calcium gets very high, like after binging o cheese and yogurt, which hormone is released to cause bone resorption to stop (thus preventing release of calcium from the bone)?

Calcitonin

regulatory proteins that are components of transduction of signals are called:

G proteins

list the 6 hormones produced in the anterior pituitary and the releasing hormone or inhibiting hormone (or both) from the hypothalamus for each

GH-GHRH (releasing), somatostatin (inhibiting) TSH-TRH (releasing) ACTH-CRH (releasing) FSH-GnRH (releasing) LH-GnRH (releasing) Prolactin-dopamine or PIF (inhibiting)

which growth factor may inhibit post-pubertal mammary growth between estrous cycles?

TGF-beta

which enzyme is needed for just about all steps of thyroid hormone synthesis?

TPO (thyroid peroxidase)

bone cells which function to destroy bone mineral (bone resorption) are called (besides DW calling them scrubbing bubbles):

osteoblasts

in addition to PTH and calcitonin, what other hormone works to help regulate calcium in the body? (hint: it was not orginally thought to be a hormone but rather a type of nutrient)

Vitamin D

which class of hormones does NOT have cell surface receptors? a. catecholamines b. protein hormones c. steroid hormones d. eicosanoids

a or c

what is the study of hormones, their receptors and the intracellular signaling pathways they invoke?

endocrinology

which cells in the parathyroid gland secrete PTH?

chief cells

growth hormone _________ a. is also called somatostatin b. is regulated by only a releasing hormone c. secretion results in a decrease in muscle mass d. promotes long bone growth during the formative years

d

which of the following are membrane messengers derived from phospholipids? a. arachidonic acid b. diacyl glycerol c. inositol triphosphate d. all of the above

d. all of the above

the 2 hormones that are elevated together as pregnancy advances and cause full lobular alveolar growth

estrogen and progesterone

prostaglandin F2alpha is an example of which chemical class of hormone

eicosanoid

which two systems control all physiologic processes?

endocrine and nervous

when the production of one hormone causes the production of another hormone to decrease, this is called _______ feedback

negative