Antibiotics

What is the term for an infection acquired in the hospital setting?

A nosocomial infection

A patient is receiving penicillin G [Bicillin C-R]. Which assessment should the nurse monitor as an indicator of an undesired effect? A. Cardiac rhythm B. Serum sodium level C. Lung sounds D. Red blood cell (RBC) count

A. Cardiac rhythm

Both IV ampicillin/sulbactam [Unasyn] and gentamicin are ordered for a patient. When administering these medications, the nurse will do what? A. Ensure that separate IV solutions are used. B. Use two different peripheral IV sites. C. Administer the gentamicin first. D. There are no necessary precautions.

A. Ensure that separate IV solutions are used.

A patient is taking azithromycin (Zithromax). which nursing interventions would the nurse plan to implement for this patient (select all apply)? A. Monitor periodic liver function tests B. Dilute with 50mL of D5W for IV administration C. Instruct the patient to report any hearing loss D. Instruct patient to report evidence of superinfection E. Teach to take oral drug 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals F. Advise to avoid antacids from 2 hours prior to 2 hours after administration

A. Monitor periodic liver function tests C. Instruct the patient to report any hearing loss D. Instruct patient to report evidence of superinfection E. Teach to take oral drug 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals

A patient who has tuberculosis is treated with isoniazid. The nurse should monitor for which symptoms, which could indicate a vitamin B6 deficiency caused by the medication? A. Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes B. Alopecia and flaking scalp C. Dry skin and brittle nails D. Oral ulcers and tongue fissures

A. Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes

A patient is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). When taking the patient's history, a nurse recognizes which information as the most important? A. Plays a contact sport and is an athlete B. Currently resides in a long-term care facility C. Did not complete the last course of antibiotics D. Had gallbladder surgery in the previous month

A. Plays a contact sport and is an athlete

A patient develops flushing, rash, and pruritus during an IV infusion of vancomycin [Vancocin]. Which action should a nurse take? A. Reduce the infusion rate. B. Administer diphenhydramine [Benadryl]. C. Change the IV tubing. D. Check the patency of the IV.

A. Reduce the infusion rate.

A nurse should teach a patient to observe for which side effects when taking ampicillin? A. Skin rash and loose stools B. Reddened tongue and gums C. Digit numbness and tingling D. Bruising and petechiae

A. Skin rash and loose stools

The nurse is administering vancomycin to a patient. Which nursing interventions are appropriate? Monitor the patient for (select all that apply) A: Adequate hearing B: appropriate IV rate C: pseudomembranous colitis D: Steven-Johnson syndrome E: hypotension and tachycardia F: redness of the face, neck, and chest

A: Adequate hearing B: appropriate IV rate D: Steven-Johnson syndrome E: hypotension and tachycardia F: redness of the face, neck, and chest

Which instruction should a nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient who is to start taking tetracycline? A. "You may stop taking the pills when you begin to feel better." B. "Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors." C. "You'll have to come back to the clinic for weekly blood work." D. "Take the medication with yogurt or milk so you won't have nausea."

B. "Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors."

A nurse is administering a daily dose of tobramycin at 1000. At which time should the nurse obtain the patient's blood sample to determine the trough level? A. 0800 B. 0900 C. 1130 D. 1200

B. 0900

Before administering trimethoprim, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of what? A. Heart failure B. Alcoholism C. Diabetes D. Emphysema

B. Alcoholism

Before administering intravenous (IV) penicillin, the nurse should do what? A. Flush the IV site with normal saline. B. Assess the patient for allergies. C. Review the patient's intake and output record. D. Determine the latest creatinine clearance result.

B. Assess the patient for allergies.

A nurse should recognize that which laboratory result is used as a major factor in deciding when antiretroviral therapy is indicated for a patient infected with HIV? A. Plasma HIV RNA assay B. CD4 T-lymphocyte count C. Western blot assay D. OralQuick Rapid HIV-1 Antibody Test

B. CD4 T-lymphocyte count

Most cases (more than 80%) of uncomplicated, community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) are caused by which bacteria? A. Klebsiella pneumoniae B. Escherichia coli C. Enterobacter spp. D. Pseudomonas spp.

B. Escherichia coli

Which manifestations does the nurse associate with the development of hemolytic anemia? (Select all that apply.) A. Urticaria B. Fever C. Pallor D. Jaundice E. Diarrhea

B. Fever C. Pallor D. Jaundice

What does the nurse identify as an adverse effect of clindamycin [Cleocin] therapy? A. Cyanosis and gray discoloration of the skin B. Frequent loose, watery stools with mucus and blood C. Reduction in all blood cells produced in the bone marrow D. Elevated bilirubin, with dark urine and jaundice

B. Frequent loose, watery stools with mucus and blood

Which cardiovascular finding does the nurse identify as a possible adverse effect of erythromycin [Ery-Tab] therapy? A. Heart rate of 52 beats per minute B. Prolonged QT interval C. Jugular vein distention D. Grade III diastolic murmur

B. Prolonged QT interval

The nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving a sulfonamide for treatment of a urinary tract infection. To monitor the patient for the most severe response to sulfonamide therapy, the nurse will assess for what? A. Diarrhea B. Skin rash and lesions C. Hypertension D. Bleeding

B. Skin rash and lesions

The nurse knows that there is an increased risk of ototoxicity in a patient receiving an aminoglycoside if which level is high? A. Concentration B. Trough C. Peak D. Dose

B. Trough

The nurse identifies which medication as the drug of choice for most infections caused by herpes simplex viruses and varicella-zoster virus? A. Ganiciclovir B. Amantadine C. Acyclovir D. Oseltamivir

C. Acyclovir

A patient who is receiving ceftriaxone has all of these medications ordered. The nurse monitors the patient for an adverse effect related to an interaction with which medication? A. Regular insulin B. Ampicillin [Polycillin] C. Naproxen [Naprosyn] D. Bisacodyl [Dulcolax]

C. Naproxen [Naprosyn]

Before administering a cephalosporin to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for an allergy history to what? A. Soy products B. Peanuts C. Penicillins D. Opioids

C. Penicillins

A nurse observes a red streak and palpates the vein as hard and cordlike at the intravenous (IV) site of a patient receiving cefepime [Maxipime]. Which assessment should the nurse make about the IV site? A. An allergic reaction has developed to the drug solution. B. The drug has infiltrated the extravascular tissues. C. Phlebitis of the vein used for the antibiotic has developed. D. Local infection from bacterial contamination has occurred.

C. Phlebitis of the vein used for the antibiotic has developed.

A patient is receiving vancomycin [Vancocin]. The nurse identifies what as the most common toxic effect of vancomycin therapy? A. Ototoxicity B. Hepatotoxicity C. Renal toxicity D. Cardiac toxicity

C. Renal toxicity

An immunocompromised patient who is receiving piperacillin/tazobactam [Zosyn] develops oozing and bleeding from the gums. Which additional data should the nurse determine? A. Whether the patient has a fever above 100.5°F B. Whether the patient reports any painful teeth C. The most recent platelet count D. The last time mouth care was given

C. The most recent platelet count

A patient who is receiving vancomycin [Vancocin] IV for a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection asks a nurse, "Why can't I take this medicine in a pill?" Which response should the nurse make? A. "The prescription could be changed, because vancomycin comes in two forms." B. "You're allergic to penicillin, and this is the only way this medication can be given." C. "It will cause too much loss of appetite and nausea if given in the oral form." D. "It is more effective by IV, because the pill form will stay in the digestive tract."

D. "It is more effective by IV, because the pill form will stay in the digestive tract."

Thirty minutes after receiving an intramuscular (IM) injection of penicillin G [Pfizerpen], a patient reports itching and redness at the injection site. Which action should the nurse take first? A. Elevate the lower legs. B. Place an ice pack on the site. C. Make sure the patient stays calm. D. Administer subcutaneous epinephrine.

D. Administer subcutaneous epinephrine.

A nurse assessing a patient who is 12 years old should associate which complication with the patient's receiving tetracycline as a younger child? A. Delay in long bone growth B. Early onset of puberty C. Severe face and body acne D. Discoloration of the teeth

D. Discoloration of the teeth

Which antifungal agent is used as a one-time oral dose to treat vaginal yeast infections? A. Nystatin [Mycostatin] B. Caspofungin [Cancidas] C. Voriconazole [Vfend] D. Fluconazole [Diflucan]

D. Fluconazole [Diflucan]

A patient who is receiving an aminoglycoside (gentamicin) has a urinalysis result with all of these findings. Which finding should a nurse associate most clearly with an adverse effect of gentamicin? A. White blood cells (WBCs) B. Glucose C. Ketones D. Protein

D. Protein

After completing a course of ciprofloxacin [Cipro] for a skin infection, the patient says, "I took the whole bottle of pills, but my infection hasn't gotten any better." Which additional information should the nurse recognize as most significant? A. The patient takes antacids on a daily basis. B. The medication was stored in a cool, dry area. C. The patient did not use sunscreen while taking the ciprofloxacin [Cipro]. D. The patient took two doses of diphenhydramine [Benadryl] while on ciprofloxacin [Cipro] therapy.

A. The patient takes antacids on a daily basis.

Amoxicillin is prescribed for a patient who has a respiratory infection. The nurse is teaching the patient about this medication and realizes that more teaching is needed when the patient makes which statement? A. This medication should not be taken with food B. I will take my entire prescription of medication C. I should report to the physician any genital itching D. If I experience any excess bleeding, I will contact the health care provider

A. This medication should not be taken with food

A patient is admitted to the health care facility with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse anticipates administration of which drug? A: Nafcillin (Nallpen) B: Vancomycin (Vancocin) C: Aztreonam (Azacatam) D: Poperacillin-tazobactam (Zosyn)

B: Vancomycin (Vancocin)

A patient enters the emergency department with a draining wound. Once the patient is admitted and assessed, the priority nursing intervention is to: A: Administer the ordered antibiotics B: Teach the patient about the ordered antibiotics C: Culture the wound D: Enforce droplet isolation precautions

C: Culture the wound

The nurse enters a patient's room to find that his heart rate is 120, his BP is 70/50 and his red blotching of his face and neck. Vancomycin (vancocin) is running IVPB. The nurse believes that this patient is experiencing a severe adverse effect called "red man syndrome." what action will the nurse take? a. Stop the infusion and call the lab b. Reduce the infusion to 10mg/min c. Encourage the patient to drink more oral fluids up to 2L/day d. Report onset of Stevens-Johnson syndrome to the health care provider

a. Stop the infusion and call the lab