A/P 3.1 to 3.9
Scientists believe that mitochondria may have evolved from bacteria because ____.
mitochondria have their own DNA
The cell membrane mix of lipids and proteins is referred to as a(n) ____.
mosaic
The major difference between the smooth and rough ER is that ____.
rough ER contains ribosomes
What type of microscope uses magnetic lenses to bend beams of electrons?
transmission electron microscope
What organelle modifies new polypeptides and sorts proteins and lipids?
Golgi body
. Which statement is true of mitochondria?
Mitochondria possess their own DNA.
What factor of the plasma membrane provides fluidity?
The movements of the phospholipids
What major factor limits cell size?
The surface area to volume ratio
A prokaryotic cell has all of the following EXCEPT ____.
a nucleus inside a membrane
Every living organism must have ____.
at least one cell
Which structure gives rise to microtubules?
centrioles
DNA and its attached proteins are known as
chromatin
A chromosome ____.
consists of DNA and its associated proteins
What portion of the cell contains microtubules and microfilaments?
cytoskeleton
The organelle with a flattened channel that begins at the nuclear envelope and passes into the cytoplasm is the ____.
endoplasmic reticulum
Which structure produces cell movements?
flagella
The term eukaryotic means
having a true nucleus
Which cytoskeletal element anchors the proteins actin and myosin to strengthen the cytosol?
intermediate filaments
In which organ does the smooth ER inactivate drugs and harmful metabolic byproducts?
liver
Bacteria captured by white blood cells are collected in vesicles and destroyed by
lysosomes
A photograph formed using a microscope is called a(n) ____.
micrograph
The most abundant cytoskeletal elements are ____.
microtubules
The organelle that produces the majority of the cell's ATP is the ____.
mitochondria
What organelle is the site of ATP production?
mitochondria
An organelle found in the nucleus is known as a ____.
nucleolus
The structure where parts of ribosomes form before passing into the cytoplasm is the ____.
nucleolus
In what portion of a eukaryotic cell is the majority of DNA isolated?
nucleus
The production of ATP in the mitochondria requires
oxygen
Which particle is able to freely cross the plasma membrane?
oxygen
The organelle that converts harmful hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen is the ____.
peroxisome
What organelle inactivates toxins?
peroxisomes
The plasma membrane is composed of ____.
primarily phospholipids
Which portion of the plasma membrane carries out most of the membrane's specific functions?
proteins
In which structure do cilia covered in mucus trap foreign particles?
respiratory tract
What component of the cell is the site of polypeptide assembly?
ribosome
What term refers to the ability of a cell membrane to regulate which molecules can enter and exit the cell?
selective permeability
A nuclear envelope has four of the following characteristics. Which is the exception?
single lipid bilayer