A/P 3.1 to 3.9

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Scientists believe that mitochondria may have evolved from bacteria because ____.

mitochondria have their own DNA

The cell membrane mix of lipids and proteins is referred to as a(n) ____.

mosaic

The major difference between the smooth and rough ER is that ____.

rough ER contains ribosomes

What type of microscope uses magnetic lenses to bend beams of electrons?

transmission electron microscope

What organelle modifies new polypeptides and sorts proteins and lipids?

Golgi body

. Which statement is true of mitochondria?

Mitochondria possess their own DNA.

What factor of the plasma membrane provides fluidity?

The movements of the phospholipids

What major factor limits cell size?

The surface area to volume ratio

A prokaryotic cell has all of the following EXCEPT ____.

a nucleus inside a membrane

Every living organism must have ____.

at least one cell

Which structure gives rise to microtubules?

centrioles

DNA and its attached proteins are known as

chromatin

A chromosome ____.

consists of DNA and its associated proteins

What portion of the cell contains microtubules and microfilaments?

cytoskeleton

The organelle with a flattened channel that begins at the nuclear envelope and passes into the cytoplasm is the ____.

endoplasmic reticulum

Which structure produces cell movements?

flagella

The term eukaryotic means

having a true nucleus

Which cytoskeletal element anchors the proteins actin and myosin to strengthen the cytosol?

intermediate filaments

In which organ does the smooth ER inactivate drugs and harmful metabolic byproducts?

liver

Bacteria captured by white blood cells are collected in vesicles and destroyed by

lysosomes

A photograph formed using a microscope is called a(n) ____.

micrograph

The most abundant cytoskeletal elements are ____.

microtubules

The organelle that produces the majority of the cell's ATP is the ____.

mitochondria

What organelle is the site of ATP production?

mitochondria

An organelle found in the nucleus is known as a ____.

nucleolus

The structure where parts of ribosomes form before passing into the cytoplasm is the ____.

nucleolus

In what portion of a eukaryotic cell is the majority of DNA isolated?

nucleus

The production of ATP in the mitochondria requires

oxygen

Which particle is able to freely cross the plasma membrane?

oxygen

The organelle that converts harmful hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen is the ____.

peroxisome

What organelle inactivates toxins?

peroxisomes

The plasma membrane is composed of ____.

primarily phospholipids

Which portion of the plasma membrane carries out most of the membrane's specific functions?

proteins

In which structure do cilia covered in mucus trap foreign particles?

respiratory tract

What component of the cell is the site of polypeptide assembly?

ribosome

What term refers to the ability of a cell membrane to regulate which molecules can enter and exit the cell?

selective permeability

A nuclear envelope has four of the following characteristics. Which is the exception?

single lipid bilayer


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