AP bio ch 13-17 test pt 1

39) Which of the plants will be true-breeding? A) 1 and 4 only B) 2 and 3 only C) 1, 2, 3, and 4 D) 1 only E) 1 and 2 only

A) 1 and 4 only

In the human species, all somatic cells have 46 chromosomes. Which of the following can also be true? A) A plant species (privet shrubs) has 46 chromosomes per cell. B) Some adult humans have 69 chromosomes per cell. C) Some adult humans have 23 chromosomes per cell. D) A certain fungal species has only one chromosome per cell. E) A certain bacterial species has 23 chromosomes.

A) A plant species (privet shrubs) has 46 chromosomes per cell.

52) Which diagram represents anaphase I of meiosis? A) I B) II C) IV D) V E) VI

A) I

54) Which sample of DNA might be from a nerve cell arrested in G0 of the cell cycle? A) I B) II C) III D) either I or II E) either I or III

A) I

If a cell has completed the first meiotic division and is just beginning meiosis II, which of the following is an appropriate description of its contents? A) It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that began meiosis. B) It has the same number of chromosomes but each of them has different alleles than another cell from the same meiosis. C) It has half the chromosomes but twice the DNA of the originating cell. D) It has one-fourth the DNA and one-half the chromosomes as the originating cell. E) It is identical in content to another cell from the same meiosis.

A) It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that began meiosis.

7) Which of the following differentiates between independent assortment and segregation? A) The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another. B) The law of segregation requires describing two or more genes relative to one another. C) The law of segregation requires having two or more generations to describe. D) The law of independent assortment is accounted for by observations of prophase I. E) The law of segregation is accounted for by anaphase of mitosis

A) The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.

51) In a life cycle such as that shown in part III of Figure 13.1, if the zygote's chromosome number is 10, which of the following will be true? A) The sporophyte's chromosome number per cell is 10 and the gametophyte's is 5. B) The sporophyte's chromosome number per cell is 5 and the gametophyte's is 10. C) The sporophyte and gametophyte each have 10 chromosomes per cell. D) The sporophyte and gametophyte each have 5 chromosomes per cell. E) The sporophyte and gametophyte each have 20 chromosomes per cell

A) The sporophyte's chromosome number per cell is 10 and the gametophyte's is 5.

25) When does the synaptonemal complex disappear? A) late prophase of meiosis I B) during fertilization or fusion of gametes C) early anaphase of meiosis I D) mid-prophase of meiosis II E) late metaphase of meiosis II

A) late prophase of meiosis I

30) An ideal procedure for fetal testing in humans would have which of the following features? A) the procedure that can be performed at the earliest time in the pregnancy B) lowest risk procedure that would provide the most reliable information C) the procedure that can test for the greatest number of traits at once D) a procedure that provides a three-dimensional image of the fetus E) a procedure that could test for the carrier status of the fetus

A) the procedure that can be performed at the earliest time in the pregnancy

A triploid cell contains three sets of chromosomes. If a cell of a usually diploid species with 42 chromosomes per cell is triploid, this cell would be expected to have which of the following? A) 63 chromosomes in 31 1/2 pairs B) 63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3 C) 63 chromosomes, each with three chromatids D) 21 chromosome pairs and 21 unique chromosomes

B) 63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3

49) Which of the life cycles is typical for most fungi and some protists? A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and II E) I and III

B) II only

27) A cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically different. A) The statement is true for mitosis only. B) The statement is true for meiosis I only. C) The statement is true for meiosis II only. D) The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I. E) The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II

B) The statement is true for meiosis I only.

Referring to a plant's sexual life cycle, which of the following terms describes the process that leads directly to the formation of gametes? A) sporophyte meiosis B) gametophyte mitosis C) gametophyte meiosis D) sporophyte mitosis E) alternation of generations

B) gametophyte mitosis

10) When crossing an organism that is homozygous recessive for a single trait with a heterozygote, what is the chance of producing an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype? A) 0% B) 25% C) 50% D) 75% E) 100%

C) 50%

. 33) The frequency of heterozygosity for the sickle-cell anemia allele is unusually high, presumably because this reduces the frequency of malaria. Such a relationship is related to which of the following? A) Mendel's law of independent assortment B) Mendel's law of segregation C) Darwin's explanation of natural selection D) Darwin's observations of competition E) the malarial parasite changing the allele

C) Darwin's explanation of natural selection

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16? A) The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes per cell. B) The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. C) Each cell has eight homologous pairs. D) During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be 32 separate chromosomes. E) A gamete from this species has four chromosomes.

C) Each cell has eight homologous pairs.

The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain 46 chromosomes. To be as different as they are from human cells, which have the same number of chromosomes, which of the following must be true? A) Privet cells cannot reproduce sexually. B) Privet sex cells have chromosomes that can synapse with human chromosomes in the laboratory. C) Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different than those in humans. D) Privet shrubs must be metabolically more like animals than like other shrubs. E) Genes on a particular privet chromosome, such as the X, must be on a different human chromosome, such as number 18.

C) Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different than those in humans.

27) Which of the following provides an example of epistasis? A) Recessive genotypes for each of two genes (aabb) results in an albino corn snake. B) The allele b17 produces a dominant phenotype, although b1 through b16 do not. C) In rabbits and many other mammals, one genotype (cc) prevents any fur color from developing. D) In Drosophila (fruit flies), white eyes can be due to an X-linked gene or to a combination of other genes. E) In cacti, there are several genes for the type of spines.

C) In rabbits and many other mammals, one genotype (cc) prevents any fur color from developing.

In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair have in common? A) Length and position of the centromere only. B) Length, centromere position, and staining pattern only. C) Length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes. D) Length, centromere position, staining pattern, and DNA sequences. E) They have nothing in common except they are X-shaped

C) Length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes.

34) Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a recessive human disorder in which an individual cannot appropriately metabolize a particular amino acid. The amino acid is not otherwise produced by humans. Therefore, the most efficient and effective treatment is which of the following? A) Feed them the substrate that can be metabolized into this amino acid. B) Transfuse the patients with blood from unaffected donors. C) Regulate the diet of the affected persons to severely limit the uptake of the amino acid. D) Feed the patients the missing enzymes in a regular cycle, such as twice per week. E) Feed the patients an excess of the missing product.

C) Regulate the diet of the affected persons to severely limit the uptake of the amino acid.

46) When homologous chromosomes crossover, what occurs? A) Two chromatids get tangled, resulting in one re-sequencing its DNA. B) Two sister chromatids exchange identical pieces of DNA. C) Specific proteins break the two strands and re-join them with their homologs. D) Each of the four DNA strands of a tetrad is broken and the pieces are mixed. E) Maternal alleles are "corrected" to be like paternal alleles and vice versa.

C) Specific proteins break the two strands and re-join them with their homologs.

32) An obstetrician knows that one of her patients is a pregnant woman whose fetus is at risk for a serious disorder that is detectable biochemically in fetal cells. The obstetrician would most reasonably offer which of the following procedures to her patient? A) CVS B) ultrasound imaging C) amniocentesis D) blood transfusion E) X-ra

C) amniocentesis

24) Cystic fibrosis affects the lungs, the pancreas, the digestive system, and other organs, resulting in symptoms ranging from breathing difficulties to recurrent infections. Which of the following terms best describes this? A) incomplete dominance B) multiple alleles C) pleiotropy D) epistasis E) codominance

C) pleiotropy

A karyotype results from which of the following? A) a natural cellular arrangement of chromosomes in the nucleus B) an inherited ability of chromosomes to arrange themselves C) the ordering of human chromosome images D) the cutting and pasting of parts of chromosomes to form the standard array E) the separation of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I of meiosis

C) the ordering of human chromosome images

40) What is the genotype of individual II-5? A) WW B) Ww C) ww D) WW or ww E) ww or Ww

C) ww

68) If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G₁ phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I would be A) 0.25x. B) 0.5x. C) x. D) 2x. E) 4x.

D) 2x.

21) Which of the following calculations require that you utilize the addition rule? A) Calculate the probability of black offspring from the cross AaBb × AaBb, when B is the symbol for black. B) Calculate the probability of children with both cystic fibrosis and polydactyly when parents are each heterozygous for both genes. C) Calculate the probability of each of four children having cystic fibrosis if the parents are both heterozygous. D) Calculate the probability of a child having either sickle-cell anemia or cystic fibrosis if parents are each heterozygous for both. E) Calculate the probability of purple flower color in a plot of 50 plants seeded from a self-fertilizing heterozygous parent plant.

D) Calculate the probability of a child having either sickle-cell anemia or cystic fibrosis if parents are each heterozygous for both.

14) Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in which of the following phases of cell division? A) prophase I of meiosis B) anaphase II of meiosis C) metaphase I of meiosis D) anaphase I of meiosis E) anaphase of mitosis

D) anaphase I of meiosis

35) When we see chiasmata under a microscope, that lets us know which of the following has occurred? A) asexual reproduction B) meiosis II C) anaphase II D) prophase I E) separation of homologs

D) prophase I

7) In certain plants, tall is dominant to short. If a heterozygous plant is crossed with a homozygous tall plant, what is the probability that the offspring will be short? A) 1 B) 1/2 C) 1/4 D) 1/6 E) 0

E) 0

. 18) In the cross AaBbCc × AaBbCc, what is the probability of producing the genotype AABBCC? A) 1/4 B) 1/8 C) 1/16 D) 1/32 E) 1/64

E) 1/64

There is a group of invertebrate animals called rotifers, among which a particular group of species reproduces, as far as is known, only asexually. These rotifers, however, have survived a long evolutionary history without evidence of having been overcome by excessive mutations. 60) Since the rotifers develop from eggs, but asexually, what can you predict? A) The eggs and the zygotes are all haploid. B) The animals are all hermaphrodites. C) While asexual, both males and females are found in nature. D) All males can produce eggs. E) No males can be found.

E) No males can be found.

43) For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes? A) 23 B) 46 C) 460 D) 920 E) about 8 million

E) about 8 million