AP Biology: Chapter 4 Questions

Which of the following statements is false? - Some cells are large enough to be seen by the naked eye. - Cells with infoldings and outfoldings of their plasma membranes are able to move molecules across the membrane more efficiently than cells with no foldings. - All cells are shaped like cubes or are round. - In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus controls activities in the cell.

All cells are shaped like cubes or are round.

Which of the following will NOT be found in abundance in an insulin-producing pancreas cell? - Rough endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi apparatus - Chloroplasts - Ribosomes

Chloroplasts

The infoldings of the inner membranes of mitochondria provide an increase in surface area and are important in ATP production during cellular respiration. Name this structure.

Cristae

What organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes responsible for intracellular digestion?

Lysosomes

What part does SRP (signal recognition protein) play in the binding of ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum?

SRP binds first to the signal peptide on the polypeptide being synthesized and then to a receptor on the ER which opens a channel.

Synthesis of lipids occurs in _______?

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Eukaryotic cells are different from prokaryotic cells in which of the following ways? - The presence of cytoplasm. - The presence of a plasma membrane. - The variety of organelles and their complexity. - The presence of DNA.

The variety of organelles and their complexity.

The smallest living unit is a _____.

cell

The outermost boundary of prokaryotic cells is their _____.

cell wall

Large storage structures typically found in the center of plant cells are ______.

central vacuoles

Debris that is trapped in mucus is moved away from the lungs toward the throat by _____.

cilia

Sperm cells move by means of _______.

flagella

The stacks of membrane disks containing chlorophyll in a chloroplast are the ______.

grana

The description "9+2 array" in cells refers to _______.

microtubules

Skeletal muscle cells will have a large number of _____ due to their high demand for energy.

mitochondria

A dark-staining, spherical body found in the nucleus that produces ribosomal subunits is a ______:

nucleolus

All cells contain the following structures except ______. - ribosomes - cytoplasm - plasma membrane - nucleus

nucleus

Protein synthesis in bacterial cells is performed by _____.

ribosomes

The endosymbiotic theory explains _____.

the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria

As cells increase in size, _____?

there will be a greater increase in volume than in the surface area of the cell.