AP Environmental Science Unit 1 Progress Check: MCQ

Which box represents a carbon sink that holds carbon compounds for the shortest period of time?

A

Which of the following types of organisms are required to complete the nitrogen cycle, including the process of denitrification?

A. Bacteria

This biome is found in shallow waters off the coastline and is Earth's most biologically diverse marine biome.

A. Coral reefs

Which of the following biogeochemical cycles includes the processes of buffering ocean pH and photosynthesis, as shown in the diagram?

A. The carbon cycle

Which of the following describes the most likely change to terrestrial biomes resulting from warmer average global temperatures?

A. The global distribution of midlatitude biomes, such as grasslands and temperate rain forests, would increase.

Which of the following best describes an example of resource partitioning in an ecosystem?

A. Two different bird species feed from the same oak tree; one eats acorns, and the other eats insects in the bark.

This biome contains a nutrient-rich environment created by falling leaves and trapped organic materials from the large trees, and it provides the ecosystem service of filtering pollutants from water.

B. Freshwater wetlands

Which of the following processes is illustrated by the downward arrows from the atmosphere that show the conversion of nitrogen gas into usable forms available to producers?

B. Nitrogen Fixation

Which of the following statements is best supported by the diagram of the phosphorus cycle?

B. The phosphates absorbed by animal tissue through consumption eventually return to the soil.

Six white-tailed deer and six sika deer were enclosed in a pasture for observation during an eight-year study in central Texas. White-tailed deer are a native species to central Texas, while sika deer are a nonnative species to central Texas. White-tailed deer feed on flowering plants and the tips of trees and shrubs but do not eat grass. Sika deer feed on flowering plants, the tips of trees and shrubs, and grass. All other grazing animals were kept out of the pasture during the study. The number of sika deer more than doubled after the eight years, while the population of white-tailed deer decreased by 50 percent. Which of the following statements best supports the results from the study?

B. The sika deer out competed the white-tailed deer in consuming flowering plants and shrubs.

Farmers in a suburban coastal town started using no-till agriculture, a practice that reduces soil erosion from their farmland. Use the image above to determine which of the following long-term effects no-till agriculture will have on the ecosystem surrounding the farmland.

B. There will be less algal growth in the nearby ocean.

Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest net primary productivity?

B. Tropical rain forest

Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest primary productivity per unit area?

B. Tropical rain forest

In reef ecosystems, corals often have microalgae living inside them. The algae supply the corals with nutrients, and the coral give shelter to the algae. Which of the following interactions best describes the relationship between the corals and the algae?

C. Mutualism

The majority of the nitrogen on Earth can be found in which of the following reservoirs?

C. the atmosphere

The diagram above best illustrates major processes in which of the following biogeochemical cycles?

C.The phosphorus cycle

Which of the boxes represents a carbon source?

D

This freshwater biome is characterized by fast-flowing water that can originate from underground springs or runoff, which carries sediment and organic material.

D. Rivers