AP Euro 1st semester final

Isaac Newton's Principa

A milestone in science because he discovered universal gravitation

Northern renaissance characteristics

Daily life

Italian City-state that dominated the renaissance during the 15th century

Florence

Elizabeth I and Henry IV similarity

They were both politiques

Deism

A belief in a supreme being who does not interfere with the universe. (Secularism/ Voltaire)

Most closely associated with advances in human anatomy during the 16th century

Andreas Vesalius

The group strongly supported increased male suffrage during 1830-1840s

Chartists

The Anglican Church Doctrine under Henry VIII

Defended Catholic practices, Very Catholic-like

Supported repressive measures in order to combat heresy within Catholic countries

Ignatius Loyola- the founder of the Society of Jesus(Jesuits)

The key to the Dutch Republic's prosperity in the early 16th century

It's strong central government that made laws benefiting the economy

Characteristics of Toledo by El Greco

Mannerism-a reaction to renaissance painting

Italian Renaissance characteristics

Mythology, Religion

The 16th century catholic figure that had a significant impact in promoting emotionalism and a personal relationship with God.

St. Theresa of Avila

The country with the most important trade and finance center during the first half of the 17th century

The Netherlands-Dutch Golden Age

The principle architect of Prussian statehood and its emergence as a European power in the 17th century

Frederick William the Great Elector

Peter the Great's accomplishments

Westernization/ the window to the west(warm water port), military, and appointing a patriarch for the Orthodox Church.

Technological innovations in navigation during the 16th century

Boat rudders, sails, compass

Lady Mary Worley Montagu and Edward Jenner's works that lead to the control of this disease (early 19th century)

Smallpox

Francis Bacon

Developed inductive reasoning and worked with Descartes(deductive reasoning) inductive+deductive=scientific method

The European country that dominated European elite culture in the late 17th century

France

1450-1550 a difference between society in renaissance Italy vs France and England

Italy dominated foreign trade and was split into city-states. Machiavelli was concerned that they were not unified because that could lead to invasion

Opposed the cruel treatment of American Indians in the 16th century new world

Bartolemé de las Casas

Galileo Galili

Believes in a heliocentric solar system. (Against the church and with Copernicus)

Strongly supported the Divine Right of kings

Bishop Bossuet

The results of the Glorious Revolution in England

Constitutional Monarchy

Italian vs Northern renaissance

Italian is more civil (like Petrarch) and northern is more religious (like Erasmus)

A difference between European society in the renaissance vs later middle ages

People were more literate in the renaissance

The first country to introduce African Slavery to the New World

Portugal

Commercial Revolution effects on Western European society between 1500 and 1700

The middle class rises because they are merchants

Upper class women in the Renaissance

They got educated but only to look pretty and have manners. (Castiglione's Book on Manners)

The central issue in European Diplomacy between 1689-1815

France has a lot of power, disrupting the balance of power

The first European explorer to find an all-water route to India by rounding the southern tip of Africa

Vasco de Gama