AP Euro: CH. 15
The nobility of Brandenburg and Prussia, they were reluctant allies of Frederick William in his consolidation of the Prussian state
Junkers
What mistaken belief did the Count-Duke of Olivares hold that brought disaster to Spain?
Spain must return to the imperial tradition of the 16th century in order to solve it's economic and political difficulties
Mercantilist theory postulated that?
Economic activity should be regulated by and for the state
The highest ranking members of the Russian nobility
Boyars
Free groups and outlaw armies originally comprising runaway peasants living on the borders of Russian territory from the 14th century onward. By the end of the 16th century they had formed an alliance with the Russian state
Cossacks
Colbert's contributions to the economy of France included all the following except?
Creating a national bank
In return for financial support, what did Charles II of England secretly promise Louis XIV of France?
English laws against Catholics would be eased and England gradually re-Catholicized
Which of the following groups would have most likely lived at Versailles?
Nobility
Which of the following best characterizes the English Revolution of 1688?
The revolution did not constitute a democratic revolution since sovereignty was placed in the Parliament, which only represented the upper classes
The guiding force behind Cardinal Richelieu's domestic policies was?
The subordination of all groups and institutions to the monarchy
How did Peter the Great's Westernizing reforms affect the process of marriage?
Young men and women were required to attend parties together and could freely choose their own spouse
The primary cause of the English Glorious Revolution was?
A fear of the establishment of Catholic absolutism by James II
Why did the English government arrive at a crisis situation by 1690?
Charles I attempted to govern without Parliament and financed his government by emergency taxes
When speaking "moral economy" historians are referring to?
A vision of the world in which community needs predominate over competition and profit
The baroque style flourished in the context of the?
Catholic Reformation
How did Frederick William I, King of Prussia, sustain agricultural production while dramatically expanding the size of his army?
He ordered all Prussian men to undergo military training after which they could return home and serve as army reservists
What was the consequence of Rakoczy's rebellion for Habsburg rule?
Hungary was never fully integrated into a centralized, absolute Habsburg state
How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European history?
Large scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end
A series of treaties, from 1713 to 1715, that ended the War of the Spanish Succession, ended French expansion in Europe, and marked the rise of the British Empire
Peace of Utrecht
The name of a series of treaties that concluded the Thirty Years' War in 1648 and marked the end of large-scale religious violence in Europe
Peace of Westphalia
What was one of the social consequences of Peter the Great's bureaucratic system?
People of non-noble origin were able to rise to high positions
Typically, French classicism
Presented subject matters associated with the Greco-Roman past
French foreign policy under Richelieu focused primarily on the?
Prevention of the Habsburgs from unifying the territories surrounding France
The English military dictatorship (1653-1658) established by Oliver Cromwell following the execution of Charles I
Protectorate
Within the Ottoman government, who staffed the top levels of the bureaucracy?
The Sultans slave corp
In Eastern Europe between 1500-1650, the growth of commercial agriculture was accompanied by the?
Consolidation of serfdom
A form of government in which power is limited by law and balanced between the authority and power of the government, on the one hand, and the rights and liberties of the subjects or citizens on the other hand; could include constitutional monarchies or republics
Constitutionalism
Which of the following is the correct order of the Stuart dynasty?
James I, Charles I, Charles II, James II
The core of the sultan's army, composed of slave conscripts from non-Muslim parts of the empire; after 1683 it became a volunteer force
Janissary corps
How did the Treaty of Utrecht resolve the problems of succession to the Spanish throne?
Louis XIV of France's grandson, Phillip, was placed on the French throne with the agreement that the French and Spanish thrones would never be united
How did famines affect the European population in the 17th century?
Malnutrition made people susceptible to deadly disease, which reduced the population significantly
A system used by the Ottomans whereby subjects were divided into religious communities, with each millet (nation) enjoying autonomous self-government under its religious leaders
Millet system
Louis XIV selected councilors from the?
Newly enobled or upper middle class
The Edict of Nantes was intended to?
Promote religious and civil peace
Members of a 16th and 17th century reform movement within the Church of England that advocated purifying it of Roman Catholic elements, like bishops, elaborate ceremonials, and wedding rings
Puritans
Many English Protestants feared that James II would
Restore the Roman Catholic Church
The final collapse of Spain as a great military power was symbolized by the defeat at the Battle of Rocroi and resulting Treaty of
The Pyrenees
Political power in the Dutch Republic was
Controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy merchants
Louis XIV supported all the following except?
Cooperation with the Estates General
Jean Racine's plays
Demonstrated classical qualities of discipline, balance, and restraint
What was Ivan IV's law regarding trade and manufacturing in Russia?
Economic restrictions and lack of security in property checked the growth of a Russian middle class
A series of violent uprisings during the early reign of Louis XIV triggered by growing royal control and increased taxation
Fronde
Mercantilism is characterized by?
Government efforts to build a strong, self-sufficient economy
How did Frederick William the Great Elector of Prussia persuade the Junker nobility to accept taxation without consent in order to fund an army?
He confirmed the Junkers privileges, including their authority over the serfs
How did Archbishop of Canterbury William Laud create conflict in Britain in the 1630s?
He sought to impose the Anglican Book of Common Prayer on Presbyterian Scotland
A system of economic regulations aimed at increasing the power of the state based on the belief that a nation's international power was based on its wealth, specifically its supply of gold and silver
Mercantilism
Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate is best described as a
Military dictatorship
A form of government in which there is no monarch and power rests in the hands of the people as exercised through elected representatives
Republicanism
The executive officer in each of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, a position often held by the princes of Orange
Stadholder
The ruler of the Ottoman Empire; he owned all the agricultural land of the empire and was served by an army and bureaucracy composed of highly trained slaves
Sultan
Legislation, passed by the English Parliament in 1673, to secure the position of the Anglican Church by stripping Puritans, Catholics, and other dissenters of the right to vote, preach, assemble, hold public office, and teach at or attend the universities
Test Act
Which of the following were William and Mary required to accept before taking the throne?
The English Bill of Rights
How did the Princes of Moscow seek to legalize their authority as rulers of an independent state?
They modeled their rule on the Mongol Khans
In the 17th century, why did rulers hesitate to crush rebellions?
Armies were expensive to deploy and rulers feared creating martyrs
How did the nature of armed forces change in the latter half of the 17th century?
Army officers became obedient to monarchs instead of serving their own interests
The English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes held that?
The power of the monarch was absolute and prevented the civil war