AP Euro: Chapter 14 Review

Opposition to authority (who weren't godly)

Calvinists attitudes toward secular rulers were:

Pleasing to God

Calvinists viewed the work of labor as:

Politiques

Catholic and Huguenot moderates in France.

Islands of Coast of Japan

Columbus believed he had found what when he arrived in the Carribean.

Treaty of Tordesillas

Divided the Atlantic Ocean, giving Spain control of everything west of an imaginary line and Portugal everything east of the line.

Edict of Nantes

Document issued by Henry IV of France of 1598, granting liberty of conscience and of public worship to Calvinists, which helped restore peace in France, granting French Huguenots to worship in 150 towns.

minor

During system of world trade, Europe was a ____________________ outpost that produced few goods desired by other civilizations.

Assassinate

Elizabeth I had her cousin, Mary Queen of Scotts executed because Mary became involved in a plot to _________________ Elizabeth

Rarely

English masters _______________ rarely freed the children they fathered with female slaves

Indian Ocean Trade

European voyages in the 15th century were derived from the desire to share the wealth in the:

Christianity

Europeans initially justified their actions in enslaving Africans by saying it benefited because it brought _______________________ to them.

Charles V

France supported the Protestant Princes of Germany on order to prevent ____________ from increasing his power.

northwest passage across North America

How did the English and French seek a route to East Asia? They sought a __________________.

(europeans) had to search for alternate trade routes to China

How did the Turk's expansion of the Ottoman Empire and their conquest of the Byzantine Empire and its capital Constantinople in 1453 influence European exploration? Europeans:

Structured meditation,

Ignatius Loyola describes a training program for Jesuits using _____________________________ for spiritual discipline.

University of Wittenburg

In Hungary, Lutheranism was spread by Hungarian students who had studied at _________________________

administrative and financial authority.

In order to maintain control over it's colonies, the Spanish Crown established intendants with _________________________________________ who were responsible directly to the monarchy

Middle course

In religious affairs, Queen Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that was a _________________ between Catholic and Protestant.

Persian Safavids

In the fifteenth century, two rival Islamic empires dominated the Middle East: The turkish Ottomans and the:

Human nature and Gods commandments

Luther viewed celibacy as opposed to _______________

Respect to authority

Lutheran's attitudes toward secular rulers were:

Spiritual priesthood

Lutheranism believed that the church was a ______________________ priesthood.

Roman exploitation of Germany

Luthers ideas about __________________ _appealed to German Princes.

Jesuits

Members of the society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius Loyola, whose goal was the spread of Roman Catholic Faith

Huguenots

Name of French Protestants.

Prince Henry

Portugal's participation in European expansion was given critical support by:

Local leaders

Portuguese merchants obtained slaves by trading with ________________ in Africa

Spanish Armada

Sent my King Phillip II of Spain in 1588, for a religious crusade against the English Protestants; the English fleet and bad weather defeated them.

Religious disputes

Settlers from the Massachusetts colony dispersed to new communities like Connecticut and Rhode Island because of __________________

Caravel

Small maneuverable, three-mast sailing ship developed by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century that gave the Portuguese a distinct advantage in exploration and trade.

Conquistador

Spanish for "conqueror"; Spanish soldiers like Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, who sought to conquer the New World for the Spanish Crown.

Confidence in their salvation

The Calvinist doctrine of predestination led to Calvinists having _________________________

Spanish ambushed and killed Atahualpa

The Spanish did what when they walked into the trap set by Inca King Atahualpa?

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of plants, animals and disease between Old and New Worlds.

Primary Cause

The inability of Spanish agriculture and manufacturing to meet growing demands for goods was a ______________ Primary cause on the emergence of inflation in Spain.

Viceroyalties

The name for four administrative units of Spanish possessions in the Americas: New Spain, Peru, New Granada, and La Plata.

Holy Office

The official Roman Catholic agency founded in 1542 to combat international doctrinal heresy

Dynastic and romantic

The reformation in England was primarily the result of ____________________ concerns of King Henry VIII

Predestination

The teaching that God has determined the Salvation or damnation of individuals based in his will and purpose, not on their merit or works.

Inca Empire

The vast and sophisticated Peruvian empire centered at the capital city of Cuzco that was at its peak from 1438 to 1532.

English Monasteries

These were dissolved due to Henry VIII's desire to confiscate their wealth.

Printing Press

This aided Martin Luther in his call for reform:

Colloquy of Marburg

This failed to resolve the differences among Protestants on the issue of the Eucharist.

Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis

This treaty ended the conflict known as the Habsburg-Valois wars.

Michel de Montaigne

Who rejected the notion that one culture is superior to the other?

Muslim controlled port-cities

Who resisted the Portuguese efforts to gain control over the Indian Ocean Trade?

Treaty of Tordesillas

1494 agreement that gave the Spanish everything to the west of the imaginary line drawn down the Atlantic and giving Portugal everything to the south.

Encomienda System

A system whereby the Spanish crown granted the conquerors the right to forcibly employ groups of Indians; it was disguised as form of slavery.

Peace of Ausburg

Allowed people of Germany to become either Lutheran or Catholic, depending on the preference of their Prince.

East Indies

17th century: The Dutch East India company took over much of the ____________________ from Portugal.

Prester John

A mythical Christian king in Africa believed to be a descendant of one of three kings who visited Jesus after his birth.

Richard II

A play by Shakespeare, expressing an English national consciousness.

Pilgrimage of Grace

A rebellion in northern England, to Henry VIII's reformation.

Ptolemy's Geography

A second century work, that synthesized the classical knowledge of geography, introducing concepts of latitude and longitude. This book made the world seem much smaller than it was, thinking that Asia was not far removed from Europe in the west.

Mexica Empire

Also known as the Aztec Empire, it is a large and complex native american civilization with advances in astrology, mathematics, and engineering.

Human rights

Bartolomé de Las Casas asserted that Indians deserved ___________________

Institutes of the Christian Religion

John Calvin's formulation of the Christian Doctrine, which became a systematic theology of protestantism.

Science and nature

Justifications for slavery changed from the 15th century to 18th century by focusing more on _____________________ rather than religion.

Native women

Low migration in the French colonies led colony officials to encourage French traders to form ties and marry with ______________________

Ursuline Order

New religious order for women in 16th century.

Anticlericalism

Opposition to clergy

Catholic Religious Orders

Overriding goal of _________________________ was to establish and uplift the moral condition of the clergy and laity in the sixteenth century.

Union of Utrecht

The alliance of seven northern provinces (led by Holland) that declared its independence from Spain and formed the United Provinces of the Netherlands.

Salvation = Faith alone

What describes Martin Luther's doctrine of salvation?

Viceroy over territory, 1/10 of material rewards

What did the Spanish crown say Columbus would receive if he found a water route to Asia and any new territory during his travels?

Middle class

What group of people benefited from the large price increases in the 16th century.

Suspect would not be told charges against them

What was the difference between inquisitorial legal procedure and accusatorial legal procedure.

Indian Pilot

When Vasco de Gama arrived in the Indian Ocean he used an _____________ to navigate the unknown waters.

Portugal

Which European nation - with the help of genoese financiers, merchants and navigators - initiated an exploration along the Atlantic coast of Africa in search of new sources of gold, silver and copper?